四级英语试卷
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2023年3月19日发(作者：刘一朵)国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷169(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：g
g
SectionIListeningComprehension(30minutes)Directions:Thissectionis
lhearaselectionof
areTHREEpartsinthissection,PartA,er,whileyou
aredoingthetest,
endofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave5minutestotransfe
PARTADirections:ForQuestions1-5,ou
listen,theinformation
l
have25secondstoreadthetablebelow.
听力原文：It’seofyoutravelling
tomorrow,
Amsterdam,is
expectBeijingto
alsoraininCairobutmuch
willbecloudy,asitoftenisatthis
timeoftheyear,ulwillbeclearwithahigh
of86andalowof70whileinMoscowtheweatherwillbecloudyandonthecool
s
youdon’twanthotweather,stayawayfromNewDelhi,wherethetemperatureis
expectedtoreachahighof112undercloudyskiesandgodowntoanotvery
t’sitforweatheraroundtheworld.
1．
正确答案：clear
2．
正确答案：96
3．
正确答案：rain
4．
正确答案：70
5．
正确答案：112
PARTBDirections:ForQuestions6-10,more
have25
secondstoreadthesentencesandthequestionsbelow.
听力原文：PricesontheNewYorkstockexchangehavesufferedoneof
denandunexpecteddevelopment,theDow-Jones
Indexfellbyjustover140points,orabout7%.Itwasthe3rdlargestfallinthe
then,the
rrespondentinNew
YorksaysthatthestrongsellingofAmericangovernmentbondsearlyinthedayis
aystherewereotherreasons.
Theseincludedabeliefthatnextweek’sAmericantradefigureswouldbebadand
ketwasalsoaffectedbyworries
dingwithafallin
pricesonWallStreet,apresidentialcommissionhassentareporttotheWhiteHouse
onthestockmarket’sbiggestevercrashonOctober19lastyearwhentheDow-Jones
missionhasmadenumerousproposalstoregulate
ncludelimitsonthedailypricemovementsofshares.
Thecommissionalsowantsanewhigh-levelbodytooverseetheAmericanfinancial
marketsandclosethemifnecessarywhentradingisindangerofgoingoutofcontrol.
6．
正确答案：over140points/about7%
7．
正确答案：willbebad
8．
正确答案：biggestfall/crash
9．
正确答案：stockexchangetrading/tradingin
10．
正确答案：
PARTCDirections:
listeningtoeachone,youwillhave5secondstoreadeachofthequestionswhich
istening,answereachquestionbychoosingA,B,
listening,l
heareachpieceONLYONCE.
听力原文：Thepianoandviolinaregirls’ndtrumpets
ingtoPsychologistsSusanO’NeilandMichaelBottome,
childrenhaveveryclearideasaboutwhichmusicalinstrumentstheyshouldplay.
Theyfoundthatdespitethebesteffortsofteachers,theseideashavechangedvery
terviewed153children,agedbetween9and11,
kedthemtoidentifyfourmusical
instrumentsandthensaywhichtheywouldliketoplaymostandwhichtheywould
soaskedthechildrenfortheirviewsonwhetherboysorgirls
noandviolinwerebothranked
morefavorablybygirlsthanbyboys,whileboyspreferredthedrumsandtrumpets.
Therewasabroadagreementbetweenboysandgirlsonwhichinstrumentseachsex
lealmosthalfofallboyssaidthey
15percentof
rstudiesindicatedthatveryyoungschoolchildren
agedbetween5and7,ir
veyof78teachers
suggestedthatafterthatage,bothboysandgirlsbegintorestrictthemselvestothe
so-calledmaleorfemaleinstruments.
11．HowmanychildrendidSusanandMichaelinterview?
A．150.
B．151.
C．152.
D．153.
正确答案：D
12．Whydomanyoftheboysavoidcertaininstruments?
A．Becausetheyfinditnotchallengingenoughtoplaythem.
B．Becausetheyconsideritimportanttobedifferentfromgirls.
C．Becausetheyfindthemtoohardtoplay.
D．Becausetheythinkitsillytoplaythem.
正确答案：C
13．Whichgroupofchildrenhaveabiaswhenchoosingmusicalinstruments?
A．Childrenwithprivatemusictutors.
B．Childrenwhoarebetween5and7.
C．Childrenwhoarewell-educated.
D．Childrenwhoare8orolder.
正确答案：D
听力原文：M:Well,madam,thefirstandthemostimportantthingIhavetotell
youisthatthereisreallynothingseriouslywrongwithyou,
analyst’sreportshowsthatbasicallyyouareveryfit.W:So,whyisitthatI’m
alwayssonervous...tense...readytojumponanybody-myhusband,children,and
colleagues?M:Ithinkyourconditionhasalottodowithyourhabits.W:Habits?M:
Yes...nowtellme,madam,yousmoke,don’tyou?W:Yes,I’mafraidIdo,doctor.M:
And,veryheavily,Iimagine.W:Yes,quiteheavily.M:Whatdoyoueatnormally?W:
I’,I’dsayI’ally,Idon’teatbreakfast.M:
That’,
anotherquestion,doyougetupearly?W:No,Iusuallygetupat9:
platewatchingTVtillthemidnight.M:What
sportdoyouusuallydo?W:Idon’etimesIplaycardswithsome
friends,thatmaybemysport.M:Ithink,madam,foryourhealth,you’dbetter
changeyourwayoflife.
14．Thepatient,accordingtotheanalyst’sreport,is
A．physicallyill.
B．mentallyill.
C．fit.
D．nervous.
正确答案：C
15．Howoftendoesthewomansmoke?
A．Quiteoften.
B．Onceinawhile.
C．Rarely.
D．Never.
正确答案：A
16．Whendoestheladyusuallygotobed?
A．1:00a.m.
B．2:00a.m.
C．11:00p.m.
D．12:00p.m.
正确答案：D
听力原文：Itisagreatprivilegeformetobeinvitedtospeakatthetenth
yearreunionofStateUniversity’uarrivedoncampus
today,afteradecade,youwereprobablyimpressedbytwochangesatState:one,
theabsenceofUniversityTower,thefirstbuildingconstructedonthecampus,anda
historiclandmarkformanyyears;andtwo,thedisappearanceofparkinglotsonmain
rsago,UniversityTowerwasinspectedandfoundtobeunsafe.
Inspiteofeffortstorestoreit,owerwas
constructedonthesamesite,builtforthemostpartusingthegoodbrickthatwas
he
parkinglots,theyhavebeenreplacedbygrass,trees,andpedestrianwalkways.
ParkingisnowlocatedinparkinggaragesontheNorthandWestsidesofthecampus.
hecreation
andexpansionoftheDivisionofContinuingEducationfortheCommunity,including
aSaturdayandsummerenrichmentprogramforchildren,andanafternoonand
eristheadditionofthestudent
populationofmanyyoungpeoplefromabroad,especiallystudentsfromJapan,Latin
America,andtheMiddleEast,MostinternationalstudentsareenrolledintheCollege
,Stateisadifferentplace,but
likeUniversityTower,tillcommittedtothesame
ageoldideals“qualityeducationforourcitizens”,butwehaveextendedour
commitmentbeyondthebordersofourstateandnationtoencompassthecitizensand
nationsoftheworld.
17．Whatistheoccasionfortheman’sspeech?
A．Graduation.
B．Aclassreunion.
C．Thededicationofanewbuilding.
D．Thegroundbreakingceremonyforapedestrianwalkwayoncampus.
正确答案：B
18．InwhataspectdoesStateUniversityremainthesame?
A．Themaincampus.
B．Thestudentpopulation.
C．Theage-oldideals.
D．TheprogramsoftheDivisionofContinuingEducation.
正确答案：C
19．WhywasUniversityTowertorndown?
A．Becauseabelltowerwastothebuiltonthesite.
B．Becauseitwasfoundunsafe.
C．Becauseaparkinglotwastobeconstructedthere.
D．Becausenoonewantedtopreserveit.
正确答案：B
20．Whatisthemainideaoftheman’sspeech?
A．EverythingatStateUniversityhaschangedinthepasttenyears.
B．Althoughthecampuslooksthesame,somethingshavechangedatState
University.
C．Inspiteofthechangesonthecampus,thecommitmentsoftheState
Universityremainthesame.
D．EverythinghasstayedthesameatStateUniversityduringthepasttenyears.
正确答案：C
SectionIIUseofEnglish(15minutes)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.
ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWER
SHEET1.
Besidesclimatechange,developingcountrieslikeChinaneedtodealwith
energy【21】andenvironmentalissues:thedevelopmentofsourcesofcleanenergy
needstobe【22】nergyhasbeengivengreater
prominencethaneverbefore;itisseenasanewindustrial【23】and【24】ofeconomic
a,clean
ndpowerasanexample:bytheendof
lastyear,Chinahad【25】windpowergeneratingcapacityof12.21GW,makingChina
ordingtothe
research,one-thirdofwindpowercapacityisrunning【26】duetoaninabilitytoget
thepowertothenational【27】.India-likeChina—relies【28】oncoalforitsenergy
llonlychangeifthefundsandtechnologytodevelopcleanenergy,
suchaswindandnuclearpower,are【29】.Indiawillnotchoosecleanenergy【30】.
Nuclearpoweriscurrentlythemost【31】ofcleanenergysources.【32】,ifitistobe
【33】onalargescalebydevelopingnations,technologicaladvanceswillbeneeded
ed【34】developedcountries,developing
countrieshavemore【35】ing
economicgrowthrequires【36】energy—andcoal,thecheapestandmost【37】source
ofenergyformanycountries—isthe【38】oalmeanscheapelectricity
electricitypriceswouldcausepublic【39】and
impactonstandardsof【40】.
21．
A．scarce
B．scare
C．scarcity
D．scary
正确答案：C
解析：scarce“缺乏的，不足的”、“勉强、几乎不”；scare“使恐惧”、“恐慌”；
scarcity“缺乏、不足”；scary“恐怖的，吓人的”。所以，本题选择C。
22．
A．on
B．in
C．with
D．along
正确答案：B
解析：beonline“在运转”、“在线的，上网的”；beinlinewith“与…保持
一致”；bewithlinewith没有这种用法；alongtheline“在某一环节”。本句中“be
inlinewiththeirinterests”的意思是“和他们自身的利益相符合”。所以，本题选
择B。
23．
A．revolution
B．evolution
C．advance
D．development
正确答案：A
解析：revolution“革命”、“大变革”；evolution“进化、演变”；advance“进
步、进展”；development“发展”。由上一句“Cleanenergyhasbeengivengreater
prominencethaneverbefore(各国将清洁能源发展提上了前所未有的高度)”以及
下半句“…ofeconomicgrowthforthenewcentury(新世纪的经济增长)”可推知，
清洁能源不仅仅是新的产业发展，而是一轮产业革命，它将推动经济增长。所
以，本题选择A。
24．
A．resource
B．reason
C．root
D．source
正确答案：D
解析：resource“资源、资料”；reason“原因”，表示“…的原因”时，用介
词for，比如，Shegavenoreasonsforherdecision．她没有对她的决定做出任何解
释。root主要指一个问题的根源、起因，比如，Whatliesattherootofhistroubles
isasenseofinsecurity．他的一切忧虑源于一种不安全感。source“起源、源头、
根源、原因”。本句的意思是清洁能源成为新世界经济增长的源头，选项A，B
和C均不适合。所以，本题选择D。
25．
A．inspected
B．inspired
C．instigate
D．installed
正确答案：D
解析：inspect”检查”；inspire”鼓励”；instigate“使开始、鼓动”；install“安
装”。只有选项D适合本句，意思是“截至去年年底，中国风电装机容量达到了
1，221万千瓦。”所以，本题选择D。
26．
A．effectively
B．regularly
C．slowly
D．idle
正确答案：D
解析：effectively“有效地”；regularly“有规律地”；slowly“缓慢地”；idle
“不工作的，不做事的，空闲的；停顿的，无效的”。由下文的“inability(无能、
无力)”可推断出风电装机并网项目处于空转状态。所以，本题选择D。
27．
A．net
B．network
C．grid
D．mesh
正确答案：C
解析：net“网状物”；network“互联网，电视网”；grid“输电线路、天然
气管道等的系统网络”；mesh“网状物，网状织物”。由上文windpowercapacity
可知，文中提到的是电路系统的网络，选项A，B和D都没有这个意思。所以，
本题选择C。
28．
A．mainly
B．significantly
C．majorly
D．vitally
正确答案：A
解析：mainly“主要地，总体上”；significantly“显著地”；majorly“非常地，
极端地”；vitally“极其、绝对”。本句的意思是“和中国一样，支撑印度经济发
展的能源结构也以煤为主。”选项B，C和D均不符合。所以，本题选择A。
29．
A．provident
B．providential
C．providing
D．provided
正确答案：D
解析：provident“精打细算的、未雨绸缪的”；providential“及时的、适时
的”；providing“如果、假如”；provide“提供、供应”。本句“Thiswillonlychange
ifthefundsandtechnologytodevelopcleanenergy，suchaswindandnuclearpower，
areprovided．”的意思是“只有为印度提供资金和技术，发展风能、核能等新能
源，这种情况才能有所改变。”选项A，B和C均不适合。所以，本题选择D。
30．
A．byitself
B．onitsown
C．voluntarily
D．automatically
正确答案：B
解析：byitself”．自动、单独”；onitsown“独立地”；voluntarily“自愿地”；
automatically”自动地”。由上文“Thiswillonlychangeifthefundsandtechnology
todevelopcleanenergy．suchaswindandnuclearpower，areprovided．(让印度改
变以煤为主的能源结构，唯一途径是为印度提供资金和技术，发展风能、核能等
新能源。)”可推断出下文的意思是“印度不会独立地走上清洁能源之路。”所以，
本题选择B。
31．
A．cheapest
B．expensive
C．competitive
D．advanced
正确答案：C
解析：cheapest“最便宜的”；expensive“最贵的”；competitive“最具有竞
争力的”；advanced“先进的”。选项A，B和D在文章中均没有体现。由下旬的
“technologicaladvanceswillbeneededtomakeitcompetitivewithcoal．(通过进步
技术使利用核能可以与煤炭竞争。)”可推知，在清洁能源中，核电是最有竞争
力的，只是在与煤炭竞争时，还需要进步技术的帮助。所以，本题选择C。
32．
A．Therefore
B．However
C．Furthermore
D．Otherwise
正确答案：B
解析：上句的意思是“目前的清洁能源中，核电最有竞争力。”下句的意思
是“如果要想使核电技术在发展中国家得到大规模利用，就必须通过技术进步使
利用核能可以与煤炭竞争。”由此可知，上下句的关系为转折。选项A，C和D
均不符合。所以，本题选择B。
33．
A．adopted
B．adapted
C．adaptable
D．admitted
正确答案：A
解析：adopt“采用”；adapt“使适应”；adaptable“能适应的”；admit“承认”。
由上下文可知，核电被发展中国家采用需要先进技术做支持。选项B，C和D均
不适合。所以，本题选择A。
34．
A．to
B．with
C．in
D．upon
正确答案：B
解析：本题考察的是compare的用法。Compare没有“comparein”和“compare
upon”的用法。compareto的意思侧重于“把…比作”，而comparewith的意思
是“与…相比”。所以，本题选择B。
35．
A．limited
B．limitless
C．maximal
D．minimal
正确答案：A
解析：。limited“有限的”；limitless“无限的”；maximal“最大的”；minimal
“最小的”。文中进行对比的是发展中国家和发达国家在能源方面的选择。选择
不能是“最大的”或是“最小的”，只能是“有限的”或是“无限的”。由下文可
知，发展中国家在选择能源时，只能选择便宜的。所以，和发达国家相比，发展
中国家在能源方面选择更“有限”。所以，本题选择A。
36．
A．expensive
B．much
C．competitive
D．cheap
正确答案：D
解析：由下句“Cheapcoalmeanscheapelectricityandacompetitive
economy．(煤便宜就有便宜的电价，经济有竞争力。”可推知，推动经济发展，
需要便宜的能源。选项A，B和C均不适合。所以，本题选择D。
37．
A．absurd
B．abundance
C．absent
D．abundant
正确答案：D
解析：absurd“荒谬的”；abundance“大量、充裕”；absent“不存在、缺少”；
abundant“大量的，丰盛的”。选项A，B和C均不适合。所以，本题选择D。
38．
A．good
B．best
C．first
D．last
正确答案：C
解析：由上文可知，推动经济发展需要便宜的能源，而煤炭是最便宜的，也
是很多国家储量最多的能源。由此可推知，煤炭很可能是很多发展中国家的首选，
但并不一定是最好的选择，因为使用煤炭对环境造成污染。所以，本题选择C。
39．
A．discord
B．content
C．discontent
D．discomfort
正确答案：C
解析：discord“不一致、纷争”；content“满意”；discontent“不满”；discomfort
“不舒服、尴尬”。由上文“Risingelectricitypriceswouldcause…(电价上涨将会
导致…)”可推知，此处的意思是“公众不满”。选项A，B和D均不适合。所以，
本题选择C。
40．
A．life
B．living
C．live
D．lives
正确答案：B
解析：standardofliving“生活水平”，life，live，lives均不能表达这项意义。
选项A，C和D均不适合。所以，本题选择B。
SectionIIIReadingComprehension(60minutes)
PartBDirections:thequestionsbelow
eachtextbychoosingA,B,uranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindof
marketinwhichdealersinbills,notes,andotherformsofshorttermcreditcanbuy
“moneymarket”isasetofinstitutionsorarrangementsforhandling
d
forsuchfacilitiesarisesinmuchthesamewaythatasimilarneeddoesinconnection
withthedistributionofanyoftheproductsofadiversifiedeconomytotheirfinal
etaileristoprovidereasonablyadequateservicetohis
customers,hemusthaveactivecontactswithotherswhospecializeinmakingor
eymarketismade
tsforthepurposeofimproving
theabilityoftheretailersoffinancialservices—commercialbanks,savings
institutions,investmenthouses,lendingagencies,andevengovernments—todotheir
ittleifanycontactwiththeindividualsorfirmswhomaintainaccounts
wit
elementalfunctionsofamoneymarketmustbeperformedinanykindofmodern
economy,evenonethatislargelyplannedorsocialist,butthearrangementsin
arketsexistin
countriesthatusemarketprocessesratherthanplannedallocationstodistributemost
eraldistinguishingfeature
ofamoneymarketisthatitreliesuponopencompetitionamongthosewhoarebulk
suppliersoffundsatanyparticulartimeandamongtho ekingbulkfunds,towork
outth
theirmarkettransactions,thosewithbulksuppliesoffundsordemandsforthem,rely
racteristicsofthese
middlemen,theservicestheyperform,andtheirrelationshiptootherpartsofthe
countriesthereisnosingle
meetingplacewherethemiddlemengettogether,yetinmostcountriesthecontacts
amongallparticipantsaresufficientlyopenandfreetoassureeachsupplieroruserof
fundsthathewillgetorpayapricethatfairlyreflectsalloftheinfluences(including
hisown)
nearlyallcases,moreover,theunifyingforceofcompetitionisreflectedatanygiven
momentinacommonprice(thatis,rateofinterest)forsimilartransactions.
Continuousfluctuationsinthemoneymarketratesofinterestresultfromchangesin
thepressureofavailablesuppliesoffundsuponthemarketandinthepullofcurrent
demandsuponthemarket.
41．Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout
A．thedefinitionofmoneymarket.
B．theconstitutionofamoneymarket.
C．thebasicfunctionsofamoneymarket.
D．thegeneralfeatureofamoneymarket.
正确答案：C
解析：第一段的描述很明显就是货币市场的基本功能。所以选择C项。
42．Accordingtothispassage,amoneymarket
A．providesconvenientservicestoitscustomers.
B．hasclosecontactwiththeindividualsorfirmsseekingfunds.
C．maintainsaccountswithvariousretailersoffinancialservices.
D．ismadeupofinstitutionswhospecializeinhandlingwholesalemonetary
transactions.
正确答案：D
解析：关于“货币市场”的定义，可以通过第一段第二句中的“ne‘money
market’．isasetofinstitutionsorarrangements…”可知，该句的意思与D项一致。
43．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutamoneymarketisNOTtrue
accordingtothispassage?
A．Moneymarketdoesnotexistinplannedeconomies.
B．Moneymarkethasbeenestablishedinsomesocialistcountries.
C．Moneymarketencouragesopencompetitionamongbulksuppliersoffunds.
D．Moneymarketreliesuponmarketprocessestodistributefundstofinalusers.
正确答案：A
解析：根据第二段第一句我们可以知道，货币市场也存在于计划经济中，所
以A项的表述是错误的。
44．Theauthorusestheexampleofmiddlemantoshow
A．markettransactionsareimportantindifferentcountries.
B．dealersareneededindoingbusiness.
C．middlemencanplaygreatroleindifferenttransactionsanddifferentcountries.
D．middlemenindifferentcountrieshavedifferentactionsinbusiness.
正确答案：C
解析：第三段中，对这些middleman的作用进行了阐述，从中我们可以看到
他们在不同的国家都起到了重要的作用。
45．Accordingtothispassage,
A．brokersusuallyperformthesamekindsofservicestotheircustomers.
B．brokershavelittlecontactwitheachother.
C．opencompetitiontendstoresultinacommonpriceforsimilartransactionsat
anygivenmoment.
D．changesinthepressureofavailablesuppliesoffundsuponmarkettendsto
maintainacommonpriceforsimilartransactions.
正确答案：C
解析：由第二段的最后一句话，我们可以知道货币市场的一个分配特征就是
依靠资金提供方和需求方内部之间的竞争，所以可以得出C项的结论。A和B
项不符合文中的题意。D项货币市场的浮动并不只是取决于资金提供方，还有市
场的需要这一因素。
About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasnever
ntheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStroke
Mandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.
SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,
hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescentreatStroke
asabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsfor
nextyear,1949,osebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.
1960thefirst
,everyfouryearstheOlympic
GamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasdienormalOlympic
Games,ryearsGamesfortheDisabled
1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1,604
unately,theywereheld
atStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngeles,
Gameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipand
understanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan’tenjoy
llsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartin
thegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympic
CommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheablebodies.
Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnotto
bedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.
46．Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld________afterSirLudwing
GuttmannarrivedinEngland.
A．50years
B．21years
C．9years
D．4years
正确答案：C
解析：这道题的答案在第一段的第二、三句话。考生不要被文中多个年代所
迷惑，只要直接在第二段找到第一次残疾人运动会的年代与SirLudwigGuttmann
到英国的年代就可以了。
47．BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegamesforthedisabledwereonce
heldin
A．NewYork.
B．London.
C．Rome.
D．LosAngeles.
正确答案：C
解析：这道题的答案在第二段的第五句话“In1960thefirstOlympicsforthe
DisabledwereheldinRome．”很明显是选C。
48．Inparagraph2,theunderlinedword“athletes”means
A．peoplewhosupportthegames.
B．peoplewhowatchthegames.
C．peoplewhoorganizethegames.
D．peoplewhocompeteinthegames.
正确答案：D
解析：这道题中，即便考生不知道“athlete”一词是指“运动员”，也可以
从上下文中推断出来。根据本词所在句子中的“fromabout40countriestookpart”
及常识可知，参加运动会竞赛的人应为运动员。
49．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A．SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.
B．SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.
C．SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.
D．SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.
正确答案：B
解析：这道题要求考生在通读全文的基础上对四个选项进行判断。A、C两
个选项原文中有，考生可以通过英国政府请SirLudwingGuttmann建立伤救中心
而判断出D是正确的。选项B是文中没有的，所以是考生要选的一项。
50．Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatthewriteris
A．oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled.
B．adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames.
C．againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled.
D．infavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled.
正确答案：D
解析：这道题要求考生在通读全文的基础上进行判断。A、B两项是文中从
未提到的，我们从第三段中“Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentfor…”这句话来
看作者的语气和态度，也可以判断出C、D两项中，D项是正确的。
PoliceinthepopularresortcityVirginiaBeachrecentlybeganoperating
vidia
BeachandTampainFloridatwocitiesintheUnitedStatesacquiredthetechnology,
whichcostthem$197,000.”“Beforeweswitchediton,wewentthroughan
extensivepubliceducationprocesswithhearingsandtheinvolvementofcitizen
groupsandminoritygroups,whohelpedwritethepoliciesweareusing,“saiddeputy
ens’auditingcommitteehastherighttoperform
unannouncedspotchecksonpoliceheadquarterstomakesurethetechnologyisnot
fthecity’s13camerasarelinkedfulltimetotheface
recognitionsystem,abaseof
,thesystemhasfailedtoproduceasingle
arrest,sbyanalyzingfacesbased
onaseriesofmeasurements,suchasthedistancefromthetipofthenosetothechin
ssayitishighlyinaccurateandcanbeeasily
,whoseesthesystemeventuallybeinglinkedtothedatabasesofother
city,stateandfederallawenforcementagenciestotrackcriticalsandsuspected
terrorists,said,“Thesystemdoesn’
takeshumanprejudicesoutoftheequation.““Thistechnologyhaslittleorno
effectonthecrimeratebutitdoeshaveaneffectonpeople’feel
cowed,“saidBruceSteinhardt,ethefactthattests
haveshownfacesrecognitiononlyworksinaround30%cases,theACLUisalarmed
anizationalsofearsitcould
potentiallybeusedtomonitorindividual’spoliticalactivitiestoharasslaw-abiding
citizens.“Thiskindofsurveillanceshouldbesubjecttothesameproceduresas
orcementagenciesshouldjustifywhytheyneeditanditshouldbe
tightlylimited,otherwiseitwillsoonbecomeatoolofsocialcontrol,“saidMihir
ssuchcriticismcome
JohnWhitehead,founderofthe
conservativeRutherfordInstitute,wroteinaneditorialthatthetechnologythreatened
ntoparticipateinsociety.“Afterall,thatisexactlywhat
constantsurveillanceis—theultimateimpliedthreatofcoercion,“hewrote.
51．WhatdoesMullen’sstatementinParagraph1indicate?
A．Policeisconfidentinusingthetechnology.
B．Policehasmadepreparationfortheuseofthetechnology.
C．Citizenshaverightsovermanagingthetechnology.
D．Policehasgonethroughpubliceducationprocess.
正确答案：B
解析：文章第一段第三句话马伦的话“Beforeweswitchediton．wewent
throughanextensivepubliceducationprocesswithhearings…”。这说明警察局对这
项技术非常谨慎，为监视摄像机的使用做了充分准备。因此正确答案为B。
52．Whydoesthesystemfalltoarrestawantedperson?
A．Thesystemisnoteffectiveinrecognizingpeople.
B．Thesystemdoesn’tlookatskincolororone’sgender.
C．Thesystemdoesn’tconsiderpeople’sspecificfeatures.
D．Thesystemishighlyinaccurateandcanbeeasilyfooled.
正确答案：C
解析：文章第二段讲述了面孔识别系统的运行情况，系统迄今尚未抓到一个
犯人，这是因为“Itworksbyanalyzingfacesbasedonaseriesofmeasurements，such
asthedistancefromthetipofthenosetothechinorthespacebetweentheeyes。”这
说明这个系统不考虑人的具体特征，所以抓不到通缉犯，所以正确答案为C。
53．WhatistheACLU’sattitudetothesystem?
A．Worried.
B．Skeptical.
C．Confident.
D．Indifferent.
正确答案：A
解析：文章第三段最后一句话指出“Theorganizationalsofearsitcould
potentiallybeusedtomonitorindividual’spoliticalactivitiestoharasslaw—abiding
citizens．”这说明ACLU对面孔识别系统心存疑虑，所以选A。
54．InJohnWhitehead’sopinion,whichstatementistrue?
A．Facerecognitiontechnologymayinterferewithpeople’sprivacy.
B．Facerecognitiontechnologymayenhancethecountry’sconstantsurveillance.
C．Facerecognitiontechnologycanbeusedinthesamewaywiretapsareused.
D．Facerecognitiontechnologycanbeusedafteritsthreathasbeenremoved.
正确答案：A
解析：文章最后一段最后一句话“Afterall，thatisexactlywhatconstant
surveillanceis—theultimateimpliedthreatofcoercion．”这是约翰博士的观点，这
项技术威胁到美国每个公民参与社会的权利。所以A、“会干扰人们的隐私”，是
正确答案。
55．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?
A．Disadvantageoffacerecognitiontechnology.
B．Purposesoffacerecognitiontechnology.
C．Controversialfacerecognitiontechnology.
D．Effectoffacerecognitiontechnology.
正确答案：C
解析：文章讲述了警察局对这项技术非常谨慎，为监视摄像机的使用做了充
分准备，但收效甚微。所以反对这项技术的人非常多。有人认为它是潜在的威胁，
有人认为会侵犯守法公民，但马伦认为这个系统最终会和其他城市，其他州和联
邦的执法部门连在一起跟踪罪犯和可疑的恐怖分子。所以说这项技术充满争议。
因此选C。
Recentresearchhadclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveions(离子)intheair
canhaveanill-effectonpeople’epositive
ions?Well,theairisfullofions,electricallychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisa
etimesthis
ba
happensnaturallybeforethunderstorms,earthquakesorwhenwindsareblowingin
nbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfrom
carpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsor
argenumberofpositiveionsarepresentinthe
airmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,
andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernausea(恶心)orevenmental
sarealsofoundtobeaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes;
snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation(冬眠),ratstofleefromtheir
burrows,sledtheUS
GeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinalleffortto
foreseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.
Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehavea
lconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthe
sea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsa
obablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orin
easethesupplyof
negativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportable
aimthationizersnotonlycleanand
refreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.
Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandare
skepticalaboutnegative/orepeoplecanonlymakeup
theirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselves,oronothers,ofanegative
ll,itisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismic
readingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.
56．Accordingtothepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby
A．usinghome-madeelectricalgoods.
B．wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials.
C．walkingonartificialfloorcoverings.
D．copyingTVprogramsonacomputer.
正确答案：C
解析：由题干staticelectricity定位在首段末句，用人造纤维做成的地毯或衣
物可能产生静电。man—made“人造的”相当于artificial。故C为答案。文中仅
提到电视机、复印机和电脑显示屏会产生静电，而A说法太笼统了，所以不选。
57．Whateffectdoesexcessivepositiveionshaveonsomepeople?
A．Theythinktheyaremad.
B．Theyfeelverytired.
C．Theybecomeviolentlysick.
D．Theyaretootiredtodoanything.
正确答案：B
解析：题干中的excessive对应的是第二段首句中的alargenumberof“过多
的，大量的”，而B中的verytired与此句中的fatigue“疲劳”相对应，所以应选
B。
58．Byobservingthebehaviorofanimals,scientistsmaybeableto
A．preventdisasters.
B．organizegroupsofpeople.
C．predictearthquakes.
D．controlareasofCalifornia.
正确答案：C
解析：根据第二段第二、三句话，动物们也会受到过多正离子的影响，尤其
是在地震前。而第三句话中所说的灾难也包括地震，所以科学家们可以通过观察
动物的行为来预测地震，故C是正确的。
59．Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound
A．nearapondwithawaterpump.
B．closetoaslow-flowingriver.
C．highinsomebarrenmountains.
D．byarotatingwatersprinkler.
正确答案：D
解析：第三段第二句话指出，产生大量负离子的自然条件是靠近大海、瀑布
或喷泉的地方，或任何有喷水或形成水花的地方。因此答案为D“在旋转的喷雾
器旁”。
60．Peopleshouldbeabletocometoadecisionaboutionsintheairifthey
A．notetheirownreactions.
B．movetoahealthierarea.
C．observedomesticanimals.
D．watchhowwealthypeoplebehave.
正确答案：A
解析：cometoadecision是makeuptheirownminds的同义转述，故可定位
在倒数第二段倒数第一句话，意思和A“注意他们的反应”正符合。
PartDDirections:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatethe
anslationshouldbewrittenclearlyon
ANSWERSHEET2.
Aspartofmorecomprehensivecomplianceandethicsprograms,many
companieshaveformulatedinternalpoliciespertainingtotheethicalconductof
oliciescanbesimpleexhortationsinbroad,highly-generalized
language(typicallycalledacorporateethicsstatement),ortheycanbemoredetailed
policies,containingspecificbehavioralrequirements(typicallycalledcorporateethics
codes).61)Theyaregenerallymeanttoidentifythecompany’sexpectationsof
workersandtoofferguidanceonhandlingsomeofthemorecommonethical
problemsthatmighta-riseinthecourseofdoingbusiness.62)Itishopedthathaving
suchapolicywillleadtogreaterethicalawareness,consistencyinapplication,and
theavoidanceofethicaldisasters.63)Anincreasingnumberofcompaniesalso
requiresemployeestoattendseminarsregardingbusinessconduct,whichoften
includediscussionofthecompany’spolicies,specificcasestudies,andlegal
mpaniesevenrequiretheiremployeestosignagreements
statingthattheywillabidebythecompany’mpanies
areassessingtheenvironmentalfactorsthatcanleademployeestoengageinunethical
pleofthisaretheissues
ryonesupports
aimthatethicalproblemsare
believethatcorporateethicspoliciesareprimarilyrootedinutilitarianconcerns,and
thattheyaremainlytolimitthecompany’slegalliability,ortocurrypublicfavorby
y,thecompanywill
avoidalawsuitbecauseitsemployeeswillfollowtherules.64)Shouldalawsuit
occur,thecompanycanclaimthattheproblemwouldnothaveariseniftheemployee
mesthereisdisconnectionbetween
thecompany’scodeofethicsandthecompany’sactualpractices.65)Thus,whether
ornotsuchconductisexplicitlysanctionedbymanagement,atworst,thismakesthe
policyduplicitous(搞两面派的),and,atbest,itismerelyamarketingtool.
61．
正确答案：它们的目的是，在处理一些在做业务过程中可能出现的更普遍的
伦理问题时，确定公司对员工的预期并提供指导。
解析：该句是带有定语从句的动词不定式作状语句子，ethicalproblems后是
修饰其的定语从句。bemeantto意为目的，打算。
62．
正确答案：希望拥有这样的政策将带来更强的道德意识、运用的连贯性及道
德灾难的避免。
解析：本句带有主语从句，that后引出的是主语从句，由于主句为被动语态，
翻译时可进行句型转换，译为主动语态。
63．
正确答案：越来越多的公司也要求员工参加与商业行为有关的研讨会，这些
会议通常包含公司政策、具体的案例分析及法律要求。
解析：本句带有非限定性定语从句，which后引出定语从句，修饰seminars，
翻译时为避免定语过长，可重复被修饰的成分。
64．
正确答案：如果发生诉讼，公司将宣称，假如员工完全遵守了条例，就不会
发生问题。
解析：本句两处带有虚拟语气，有should引出的虚拟句表示发生的概率很
小，由if引出的虚拟句表示对过去的假设，如果…，将会…
65．
正确答案：因此，无论这种行为是否由管理层明确批准，最坏的结果是，它
将使政策变得模棱两可，最好的结果是，它仅仅是一个营销工具。
解析：本题含由whether引出的状语从句，意为无论是否，atworst表示最
坏的结果是，atbest表示最好的结果是。
SectionIVWriting(35minutes)
66．ent
conferenceyoumetWilliamLinton,whoisamarketanalystworkingforaBritish
company,in160—200words,
explainingwhatyourfirmisplanningtodoandgivingdetailsofwhatyouwouldlike
uldwrite160—200wordsneatlyonANSWER
SHEET2.
正确答案：,IamwritingtoyoubecauseIbelieveyour
companyisinapositiontohelpusplantheexportofourcarpetstoGreatBritain.
Ourcompanyhasbeenmakingcarpetsforalmost20years,andwehaveexporteda
varietyofourtopqualityproductstomorethan100countriesinAsia,Africaand
owlittleaboutthesupply
anddemandofcarpetsinUK,Iwouldlikeyourcompanytoconductamarket
researchonthemodelsofcarpetsavailableinUKmarket,thepricerangealloverthe
country,andthecompetition,etc.,andfinallypresentusareportbasedonthe
reinterestedinthisproject,pleaseconfirmusassoonas
possibleandletusknowthecostandexpensesnecessaryforthisconsultancyservice.
incerely,Cathy