华夏西校
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2023年2月20日发(作者：)2020届上海市川沙中学华夏西校高三英语下学期期末试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
InSeptember,somethingterriblehappenedonthewestcoastofTasmania,as380pilot
whalesbecamestranded(搁浅)ghthavebeenAustralia’slargest
strandingeventonrecord,theBBCreported.
turies,ithashappenedallovertheworld
yhaveofferedmanydifferent
explanations.
Somesaythewhaleschasesmallfishforfoodandendupinshallowwaterbecausetheyarenotpaying
attentiontowheretheyaregoing.
OthersthinkthestrandinghassomethingtodowithEarth’sgeomagneticfield(地磁场).Theysaythata
geomagneticcompassinwhales’lchangesinEarth’smagneticfieldcan
affectthewhales’compassesandsendtheminthewrongdirection.
Anotherexplanationsug
dwhalemightmistakenlyleadthewholegrouptoshallowwater.“Andifone
getsintotrouble,theotherswillnotleave,”saidSherylGibney,aleadingbiologistfromNewZealand.“Somewill
comeinandtrytohelp,theygettrappedonthebeach,thenmorewillcome.”
Thewhalesaretrappedbymistakeoroutofsympathy(同情).Oncetheygetstranded,theywilllikelydie.
AccordingtotheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationoftheUS,lessthan10percentofallstranded
whalessurvive.
weknowaboutthestrandinginAustralia?
enedontheeastcoastofAustralia.
edthedeathofover300pilotwhales.
mmonlyseeninSeptembereachyear.
helargeststrandingeventintheworld.
ingtoGibney,thepilotwhalesaretheanimalsthat________.
dtoeachother
ytolosedirection
hugetofloatinthesea
lytofollowtheleadingwhale
thestorymainlyabout?
anactivityhasaffectedwhales.
ghtcausewhalestrandings.
lesfindtheirdirectionwhiletraveling.
ientistsaredoingtosavestrandedwhales.
B
Bymid-centurytherewilllikelybe9billionpeopleontheplanet,usingevermoreresourcesandleadingever
llourcitiesbelike?Howmuchwillartificialintelligence(AI)advance?
Willglobalwarmingcausedisastrouschanges,orwillwebeabletoengineerourwayoutoftheclimatechange
issues?Recently,themagazineBigThinkaskedtopmindsfromavarietyoffieldstoweighinonwhatthefuture
ultisasfollows.
It\'slikelythatby2050themajorityofthepeopleintheworldwillliveinurbanareasandwillhaveamuch
theoristRichardthinksurbanizationwilltransformtheeducation
systemof,makingoureconomylesshousesdrivenandremovingthedivisionsbetweenhomeandwork.
ofthefuturewon\'tlooklike“some
sortofscience-fictionfantasy”,butit\'slikelythattechnologicaladvancesandinformationoverlays(VRandAR)will
r
versionofdriverlesscars-driverlesstrucks—maymakelong-distancedriversoutofdate.
nmentalistBillsaysthatifwedon\'tmakegreat
progressinfightingglobalwarming,it\'slikelywecouldseeout-of-controlrisesinsealevels,hugecropshortfalls
andwarsoverlimitedfreshwaterresources.
Intermsofhowwewilleat,greenmarketsfounderand“realfood\"supporterNinabelievesthattherewillbe
moresmallmilkprocessingplantsandmoreregionalfoodoperationsandwe\'k
TimeswriterMarkthinksthatpeoplewilleatfewerprocessedfoodsandeatfoodsgrownclosertowheretheylive.
Andmorepeoplewillbeawareoftheethicalresponsibility\"togrowfoods.
yhappenby2050basedonthemagazineBigThink?
orityofpeoplewillbetaller.
oplewillliveinbigcities.
weknowabouttechnologyinthefutureaccordingtoParagraph3?
makepeopleliveinscience-fictionfantasy.
ensuresafertransportsduetofastercars.
greatlychangethewayinwhichpeoplelive.
increasethenumberoflong-distancedrivers.
estheunderlinedword\"dire\"inParagraph4mean?
gful.
esNinathinkoffoodsinthefuture?
willeathealthierandfresherfoods.
-raisedfarmsystemswillbeimproved.
illbesmallerregionalfoodoperations,
pplieswillbecomemuchmorelimited.
C
Globalfooddemandwilldoubleby2050,accordingtoanewprojection,andthefarmingtechniquesusedto
meetthatunprecedented(空前的)demandwillsignificantlydeterminehowseveretheimpactisonthe
environment,researcherssaid.
Thestudyresearcherswarnedthatmeetingthedemandforfoodwouldclearmoreland,increasenitrogen(氮)
useandsignificantlyaddtocarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasemissions.
“Agriculture’sgreenhousegasemissionscoulddoubleby2050ifcurrenttrendsinglobalfoodproduction
continue,”studyresearcherDavidTilman,oftheUniversityofMinnesota,saidinastatement.“Thiswouldbea
majorproblem,sinceglobalagriculturealreadyaccountsforathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.”
Theresearcherssund
thatthemostenvironmentallyfriendlyandcost-effectiveapproachwouldbeformorefoodproducerstoadopt
thenitrogen-efficient“intensive”farmingmethod,whichinvolvestheheavyuseoflaborandtheproductionof
morecropsperacre.
Thisapproachwasshowntobemoreeffectivethanthe“extensive”farmingcurrentlypracticedbymanypoor
nations,amethodthatincludesclearingmorenewlandtoproducemorefood.
Differentfarmingmethodsproducesignificantlydifferentyields,theresearchersfound—in2005,thecrop
yieldsforthewealthiestnationsweremorethan300percenthigherthanwhatthepoorestnationsproduced.
Accordingtotheiranalysisoftheeffectsofextensivefarming,ifpoorernationscontinueusingthismethod,
by2050theywillhaveclearedanarealargerthantheUnitedStates,r,ifwealthy
nationshelppoorernationstoimprovefoodyieldsbyincorporating(吸收)intensivefarmingpractices,that
numbercouldbereducedtohalfabillionacres.
Theresearchersstressthattheenvironmentaleffectsofmeetingfuturefooddemanddependonhowglobal
agricultureexpandsanddevelops.
“OuranalysesshowthatwecansavemostoftheEarth’sremainingecosystemsbyhelpingthepoorernations
oftheworldfeedthemselves,”Tilmansaid.
thebesttitleofthispassage?
ldWillNeedDoubleFoodby2050
lFacetheRiskofLackingFoodintheFuture
FarmersHoldEnvironment’sFateinTheirHands
entFarmingMethodsProduceSignificantlyDifferentYields
racteroftheextensivefarmingis________.
st-effective
ucemorecropsperacre
ofmorenewlandtoproducemorefood
vironmentallyfriendly
einferredfromthepassagethat________.
nationsmainlyusetheintensivefarming
ynationsmainlyusetheextensivefarming
ensivefarmingneedslessfoodproducers
ensivefarminghasaworseeffectonecosystems
ingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“they”inthe7thparagraphrefersto“________”.
nations
ectsofextensivefarming
ynations
fooddemand
D
husettswereinthespotlightThursdayafterbeingnamed“heroes\"
bBennettbrothers,thegoalof
irinspirationcamefromafriend.
Thirteen-year-oldHanyBennettandhisnine-year-oldbrotherHeathruntheirbusinessoutoftheirfamily
kitchen.\"We\'remakinglipbalm（润唇膏），\"ttheideatwoyearsagowhentheirfriend,Timmy,
wasdiagnosed（诊断）nedthatcancerpatients（lipsand
skincangetreallydrybecauseofchemotherapy（化疗），Hanysays.
Alightbulbwentoffinbothoftheiryoungheads,and\"BennettBrothersBalmwasborn.\"Wemakelipbalm,
whichiskindoflikeourmainproduct/somakeandselldifferentbodybalms,allnatural,all
handmade,whiletheprofitsbenefitcancerresearch.\"We\'veraisedS15,000/Heathsays.
Andwiththegreatoptimismofchildren,theydon\'tjustwanttohelp；tofinda
tohelpdoctorsfindacure,Harryexplains,ThebrothersarealsoGeldingateamfortheLightthe
NightWalk,tofightcancer.
\"Ithinkit\'sgreattoraisemoneyandhelppeoplewhohavecancer,\"arentsplayabigrole
aswell,butit\'stheboyswhoprovidethemostenthusiasmwithamessagewecanalllearnfrom.\"Ifyouwantto
dosomething...doit,\"Harrysays.\"Ijustfeelverygladthatwe\'sverygood”，addsHeath.
HarnandHeathjustreceivedtheS10,endtosavesomeof
ilforcollege,irfriendTimmy?\"He\'sdoing
\'sallbetter,Harrysays.
couragedtheBennettbrotherstomakelipbalmatfirst?
gacureforcancer.
tingmoneyforcancerpatients.
estheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mean?
brothersfinishedtheirfirstproduct.
brotherscameupwithanidea.
brothersstruggledforastress-freelife.
brothersfoundaneffectivewaytostudy.
theBennettbrothersthinkoftheirwork?
llworthwhile.
sthemmakeabigprofit.
estheauthorintendtotelluswiththetwobrothers\'story?
indsthinkalike.
dsarebetterthanone.
idscanmakeabigdifference.
gestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
There’snodoubtthatwhenitcomestofriendships,youwantpositivepeopleinyourlifeandnotnegative
ones.___16___
Supportwhenyouneedit.
___17___cases,theywillgooutoftheirwaytohelpyou
whenyou’reintrouble.
Healthbenefitsofbeingpositive.
Themorepositivefriendsyouhave,lknow,
therearemanybenefitsofbeingoptimistic.____18____Healthbenefitsmayincludelowerratesofdepression,a
greaterabilitytothrowoffcolds,andareducedriskofdevelopingdisease.
Bringoutthebestinyou.
Yourpositivefriendswillinspireyoutobethebestyoucanbe.____19____Withpositivepeopleinyourlife,
you’llbewillingtoshareyourgoalswithyourfriendsbecauseyourfriendswillgiveyoutheemotionalpushyou
needtogoafterwhatyouwantinlife.
___20___
u’readowner,you\'llprobablyfindthat
eyouareabletomaintainapositive
attitude,themorelike-mindedpeopleyou’llattractinreturn.
mple,ithelpspeopletodealwithstressandillnessbetter.
ndyourselfwithpositivefriends
tmorepositivefriends.
sitivefriends,youdon’tneedtobegforhelpwhenyouneedit.
esomebenefitsofspendingtimewithpositivefriends.
anstryingnewthings,achievinggoals,andhavingthekindoflifeyoudreamedofforyourself.
thetime,youhavetoaskthemtohelpyouwhenintrouble.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Realfinancialsecurityandfreedomisnotinourjobbutinourpassion(激情).It’seasytodecide
and____21____amanbyhispursuit(追求).
Inlife,wealwaysdooneofthetwothings:eithermakingalivingormakinga____22____Pensionsand
salariesstopmanyfrompursuingexcellencewhilepassion____23____hiddenpotentialsthat____24____usfor
lpsusmakealivingwhilepassionenablesustomakeadifference.
Iwanttohelpchangethemisguided____25____,it
shouldbeameansto____26________27____yourealizethetruthoflife,themoreclearlyyou
can____28____yourselfinlivingavaluablelife.
ThesuccessofKFCshowshow____29____nder
ColonelSanders,didn’trealizethisuntilhereceivedhisfirstsocialsecurity_____30_____
decidedthere_____31_____wassomethingtodoforhimselfandotherpeople_____32_____livingonthatsmall
s_____33_____todevotehimselftosome_____34_____g_____35_____fromhis
mother’sspecialrecipeforfriedchicken,heinvented“finger-licking”seasoningwithelevenspicesandherbs(草
药).Regardlessofmuch_____36_____,hemanagedtopromotethecompany’srapidexpansion
to_____37_____6,000locations.
Sanders’lifepointedtowardstwo_____38_____aboutmakingadifference:one,thereisnoagethatis
too_____39_____tomakeadifference;two,thereisnothingtoosmallor_____40_____tomakeadifferencewith,
aslongasitisyourpassion.
gful
lessof
thened
table
tion
ce
than
ts
ect
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Whenpeopleusethesaying“七尺男儿”，they\'reusuallyreferring___41.___amanwhoistallandstrong.
However,it\'snoteasy___42.___(tell)ditionalChineseunitoflength,
the___43.___(measure)ofchihaschangedfrequentlyovertime.
Inearliertimes,suchastheShangDynasty,7chiwouldbeequaltoabout
110cm.A7-chi-tallmanatthetimewouldbealittleperson.
DuringtheWarringStatesPeriodandHanDynasty,1chi___44.___(be)7chiwouldbeabout
162cm.
When___45.___cametotheThreeKingdomsperiod,7chiwould
beequaltoabout170cm,whichwould___46.___(regard)asmediumheighttoday.
Inthefollowing___47.___(dynasty),chicontinuedtobecome___48.___(long).Itbecame24.5cminthe
SouthernandNorthernDynasties,29.6cmintheTangDynastyand31.2cmintheSongDynasty.___49.___(final)
intheQingDynasty,1chiwas35.5cm,____50.____uldbea
realgiant!
Today,7chiwouldbe233cm.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言
错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Inmysparetime,,myfriendEvan
xperiencehikers,tthrew
bottledwaterandsnacksintotheirbackpacks,r,wehad
aytothemountaintop,westoppedforshortbreaks
llystepsanddeterminationfinallybroughtustothe3099-meter
mountaintop,wwascompletelyworthseefromthetop.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写成两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
spassinghisneighbor’shouse,animportant
pieceofpaperfelloutoftheman’spocket.
hepieceofpaperfall,andhethought:
“Whatadisgrace!’stryingtomessupthefrontofmyhouse!”
Butinsteadofgoingoutandcommunicatingwithhim,theneighborplannedhisrevenge(报复).Thatnight,he
tookhiswaste-paperbasketandwenttotheman’stmanalsohappenedtobelookingoutofthe
window,,whenhewaspickingupthepaperwhichhadbeendumpednearhisdoor,
ghtthathis
neighborhadnotonlypickedhispocket,buthadthecheekto（厚着脸皮）messuphisdoorwaywithrubbish.
Hedidn’d,ghthephonedafarmerto
dthattheybedeliveredtohisneighbor’shouse.
Ofcourse,thenextday,hisneighborhadquiteabitoftroubletryingtogetridofsomanyanimalsandtheir
atthishadbeenaneviltrickpulledbyhisneighbor,thesecondmanagainstartedplanninghis
revengeimmediatelyhegotridofthepigsandducks.
Andsoitwenton.
Theycontinuedtryingtogetbackateachother,andeachtimetheiractsofrevengegotbiggerandmore
ppingofthatsinglepieceofpaperendedupcausingafiresiren(警报),thedrivingofatruckintoa
gardenfence,thethrowingofstonesatwindows,andfinallythedroppingofabombwhichdestroyedbothmen’s
houses.
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按下列格式作答。
Bothendedupinahospital,andhadtosharearoomthere.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Theytalkedandbecamefriendsintheend.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
参考答案
1.B2.A3.B
4.D5.C6.B7.A
8.C9.C10.D11.A
12.A13.B14.B15.C
16.E17.D18.A19.F20.C
21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.A31.D32.
B33.C34.A35.C36.C37.B38.A39.D40.B
ement
rded
ies
y
51.(1).去掉the
(2).go前加to
(3).experience→experienced
(4).their→our
(5).following→followed
(6).However→Besides
(7).time→times
(8).Carefully→Careful
(9).which→where
(10).see→seeing
52.略