关系副词
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2023年2月20日发(作者：操妈男孩)定语从句中关系副词的用法
关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词
有三个：when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结
构如下：
表时间的名词+when+定语从句time,day,hour,year
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.
I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.
表地点的名词+where+定语从句place,room,house
where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.
ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定
语从句中作原因状语。)
例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略)上句也可以这样表
示：
ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.
又如：Thiswasthereason(why)weraisedthetemperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法
看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：
1）当先行词是时间，地点，原因时，并不是一定对应使用when，where，why
Thefactory________Ivisitedisnotfarfromhere.
诀窍：1.先找定语从句：____Ivisited,
2.假设可填入which，whichIvisited,
which指代factory
3.看定语从句是否完整；Ivisitedthefactory。
很完整，which正确，或that
Thefactory________Iworkisnotfarfromhere.
1.___Iwork
work,,,,which指代factory
3.看定语从句是否完整Iworkthefactory.
Iworkinthefactory，可见缺少in
4.因此应该是inwhichIwork=whereIwork
*IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore.
*Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.
**Thisisthehospitalwheremymotherworks.
**Thisisthehospitalwhich/thatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.
***Thereasonwhyhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.
***Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegavehisbossintheoffice.
2)“when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+which”，介词的选用取就于先行词
和定语从句中的动词。例如：
DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?(onwhich=when)
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=where)
Thisisthepark_________youtookphotoslastSunday.
Thatwasthereason________hewaslateforschool.
DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why)
Thehousewhichhelivesinneedsrepairing.
Thehouseinwhichhelivesneedsrepairing.
Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing．
ThedaywhenMandelahelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim?
ThedayonwhichMandelahelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim
有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使
用“介词+which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：
Mymotherworksinafactory,infrontofwhichthereisasmallriver.
Atnightthesoldiersgottoasmallhill,atthefootofwhichstoodafarmhouse.
3）以下名词之后也通常用where/inwhich引导的定语从句：situation(形势),case（情况,病
例，案例）,position（位置，境地）。occasion（场合）等等。
ThisisthepointwhereIdon'tagree.
Theyareinsuchasituationwhereeverythingisoutoforder.
ThepolicearelookingintothecasewheretwoVIPswerekilled.
Theyweresomeoccasionswherewehavetotellsomewhitelies.
4)“that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when,where、why”和“介词+which”结构，尤
其在“thetimewhen”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。
ImayleavehereanytimeIwantto.
DuringthetimeIwasthereIvisitedhimtwice.
ThisismysecondtimeIhavecometoyourcountry.
5)“which”有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which”在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使用，
如：
Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmoking,whichadvicehedidnotfollow.