气压与温度的关系
-st远东
2023年2月15日发(作者：长春市二道区邮编)当液体在有限的密闭空间中蒸发时，液体分子通过液面进入上面空间，成为蒸汽分子。由于蒸汽分子处于
紊乱的热运动之中，它们相互碰撞，并和容器壁以及液面发生碰撞，在和液面碰撞时，有的分子则被液体
分子所吸引，而重新返回液体中成为液体分子。开始蒸发时，进入空间的分子数目多于返回液体中分子的
数目，随着蒸发的继续进行，空间蒸汽分子的密度不断增大，因而返回液体中的分子数目也增多。当单位
时间内进入空间的分子数目与返回液体中的分子数目相等时，则蒸发与凝结处于动平衡状态，这时虽然蒸
发和凝结仍在进行，但空间中蒸汽分子的密度不再增大，此时的状态称为饱和状态。在饱和状态下的液体
称为饱和液体，其蒸汽称为干饱和蒸汽(也称饱和蒸汽)。
饱和蒸汽与过热蒸汽的区别：饱和蒸汽压力与温度有一一对应关系，如已知饱和蒸汽压力为0.5MPa，
则温度为158℃，反之，已知饱和蒸汽温度为180℃，则压力必为0.9MPa，所以从压力与温度数据可以判
断是否为饱和蒸汽、过热蒸汽。
饱和蒸汽温度1mpa以下160~170度左右
1mpa以上170~195度左右
过热蒸汽在2mpa以上就400度左右.
饱和蒸汽温度压力对照表
温度（℃）绝对压力（bar）℃bar℃bar
1001.0131343.0411687.545
1011.0501353.1311697.731
1021.0881363.2231707.920
1031.1271373.3171718.114
1041.1671383.4141728.311
1051.2081393.5131738.511
1061.2501403.6141748.716
1071.2941413.7171758.924
1081.3391423.8231769.137
1091.3851433.9311779.353
1101.4331444.0421789.574
1111.4821454.1551799.798
1121.5321464.27118010.027
1131.5831474.39818110.259
1141.6361484.51018210.496
1151.6911494.63418310.738
1161.7471504.76018410.983
1171.8041514.88918511.233
1181.8631525.02118611.488
1191.9231535.15518711.747
1201.9851545.29218812.010
1212.0491555.43318912.278
1222.1151565.57719012.551
1232.1821575.73219112.829
1242.251585.87219213.111
1252.3211596.02519313.398
1262.3931606.18119413.690
1272.4681616.33919513.987
1282.5441626.50219614.298
1292.6221636.66719714.596
1302.7011646.83619814.909
1312.7831657.00819915.226
1322.8671667.18320015.549
1332.9531677.362
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
0.00099.50.180131.00.00099.5-0.07265.0
0.005101.00.185131.5-0.00299.0-0.07464.0
0.010102.00.190132.0-0.00498.5-0.07663.0
0.015103.50.195132.5-0.00697.5-0.07862.0
0.020104.50.200133.5-0.00897.0-0.0860.0
0.025105.50.210134.5-0.01096.5-0.08159.0
0.030107.00.220135.5-0.01296.0-0.08257.5
0.035108.00.230136.5-0.01495.0-0.08356.0
0.040109.00.240137.5-0.01694.5-0.08455.0
0.045110.00.250139.0-0.01894.0-0.08553.5
0.050111.00.260139.5-0.02093.0-0.08652.0
0.055112.00.270140.5-0.02292.5-0.08750.0
0.060113.00.280141.5-0.02492.0-0.08848.5
0.065114.00.290142.5-0.02691.0-0.08947.0
0.070115.00.300143.5-0.02890.5-0.09045.5
0.075115.50.310144.5-0.03090.0-0.09143.5
0.080116.50.320145.0-0.03289.0-0.09241.5
0.085118.00.330146.0-0.03488.5-0.09339.0
0.090119.00.340147.0-0.03688.0-0.09435.5
0.095119.50.350147.5-0.03887.0-0.09532.5
0.100120.00.360148.5-0.04085.5-0.09628.5
0.105121.00.370149.5-0.04284.5-0.09723.5
0.110121.50.380150.0-0.04484.0-0.09817.0
0.115122.50.390151.0-0.04683.0-0.0996.5
0.120123.00.400151.5-0.04882.0
摘自：《化工工艺设计手
册》下册,1986年第一版
0.125123.50.420153.0-0.05081.0
0.130124.50.440154.5-0.05280.0
0.135125.00.460156.0-0.05478.5
0.140126.00.480157.5-0.05677.5
0.145126.50.500158.5-0.05876.0
0.150127.00.520160.0-0.06075.0
0.155128.00.540161.0-0.06273.5
0.160128.50.560162.5-0.06471.5
0.165129.00.580163.5-0.06670.0
0.170129.50.600164.5-0.06868.0
0.175130.5-0.07066.5
压力换算
压力1巴（bar）=105帕（Pa）1达因/厘米2（dyn/cm2）=0.1帕（Pa）
1托（Torr）=133.322帕（Pa）1毫米汞柱（mmHg）=133.322帕（Pa）
1毫米水柱（mmH2O）=9.80665帕（Pa）1工程大气压=98.0665千帕（kPa）
1千帕（kPa）=0.145磅力/英寸2（psi）=0.0102千克力/厘米2（kgf/cm2）
=0.0098大气压（atm）
1磅力/英寸2（psi）=6.895千帕（kPa）=0.0703千克力/厘米2（kg/cm2）
=0.0689巴（bar）=0.068大气压（atm）
1物理大气压（atm）=101.325千帕（kPa）=14.696磅/英寸2（psi）
=1.0333巴（bar）
饱和蒸汽压力、温度对照表
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
压力
MPa
温度
℃
0.00099.50.180131.00.00099.5-0.07265.0
0.005101.00.185131.5-0.00299.0-0.07464.0
0.010102.00.190132.0-0.00498.5-0.07663.0
0.015103.50.195132.5-0.00697.5-0.07862.0
0.020104.50.200133.5-0.00897.0-0.0860.0
0.025105.50.210134.5-0.01096.5-0.08159.0
0.030107.00.220135.5-0.01296.0-0.08257.5
0.035108.00.230136.5-0.01495.0-0.08356.0
0.040109.00.240137.5-0.01694.5-0.08455.0
0.045110.00.250139.0-0.01894.0-0.08553.5
0.050111.00.260139.5-0.02093.0-0.08652.0
0.055112.00.270140.5-0.02292.5-0.08750.0
0.060113.00.280141.5-0.02492.0-0.08848.5
0.065114.00.290142.5-0.02691.0-0.08947.0
0.070115.00.300143.5-0.02890.5-0.09045.5
0.075115.50.310144.5-0.03090.0-0.09143.5
0.080116.50.320145.0-0.03289.0-0.09241.5
0.085118.00.330146.0-0.03488.5-0.09339.0
0.090119.00.340147.0-0.03688.0-0.09435.5
0.095119.50.350147.5-0.03887.0-0.09532.5
0.100120.00.360148.5-0.04085.5-0.09628.5
0.105121.00.370149.5-0.04284.5-0.09723.5
0.110121.50.380150.0-0.04484.0-0.09817.0
0.115122.50.390151.0-0.04683.0-0.0996.5
0.120123.00.400151.5-0.04882.0
摘自：《化工工艺设计
手册》下册,1986年第
一版
0.125123.50.420153.0-0.05081.0
0.130124.50.440154.5-0.05280.0
0.135125.00.460156.0-0.05478.5
0.140126.00.480157.5-0.05677.5
0.145126.50.500158.5-0.05876.0
0.150127.00.520160.0-0.06075.0
0.155128.00.540161.0-0.06273.5
0.160128.50.560162.5-0.06471.5
0.165129.00.580163.5-0.06670.0
0.170129.50.600164.5-0.06868.0
0.175130.5-0.07066.5
饱和蒸汽温度1mpa以下160~170度左右
1mpa以上170~195度左右
过热蒸汽在2mpa以上就400度左右.
饱和蒸汽压力与温度对照表
饱和蒸汽压力温度
℃
饱和蒸汽压力温度
℃MPaKg/cm2MPaKg/cm2
0.00980.145.452.74428228.98
0.04600.580.862.94030232.76
0.09801.099.093.43035241.41
0.14701.5110.793.92040249.18
0.19602.0119.624.41045256.21
0.24502.5126.754.90050262.70
0.29403.0132.885.39055268.69
0.34303.5138.195.88060274.30
0.39204.0142.926.37065279.53
0.44104.5147.206.86070284.47
0.49005.0151.117.35075289.16
0.58806.0158.087.84080293.16
0.68607.0164.178.33085297.85
0.78408.0169.618.82090301.91
0.88209.0174.539.31095305.80
0.980010.0179.049.800100309.53
1.17612.0187.0910.780110316.58
1.37214.0194.1311.270115319.86
1.56816.0200.4311.760120323.31
1.76418.0206.1512.740130329.31
1.96020.0211.3913.720140335.10
2.15022.0216.2414.700150340.57
2.35224.0220.7615.190155343.16
2.54826.0224.9915.680160345.75