2024年2月23日发(作者：)
人教版高中英语必修三（Book 3
Unit 3)
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
核心单词
1. scene n. 现场;情景;景色;发生地点;（戏剧）一场
behind the scenes 在后台;在幕后
on the scene 在现场;当场
appear/come on the scene 出场;登场
Our reporter was the first person on the scene.我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。
I saw the scene with my own eyes.我亲眼目睹了那一幕。
The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene. 河边晃晃悠悠的船只构成了一道美丽的风景。
易混辨析
scene/scenery/sight/view
scene指某一处的自然风光；情形，情景。
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight景象，风景，名胜，侧重指值得看的事物或很难看的东西；很可笑的事物。
view景色，风景，侧重指从人所处的角度用肉眼所看到的景色。
【活学活用】
(1)A new chapter in a novel is something like a new scene in a play. 一部小说中新的一章就像一出戏中新的一场。
(2)Tears poured forth as she watched the sad scene.她一看到这悲惨的场景,便禁不住流下泪来。
(3)It is the first time that I have seen such a beautiful scene.这是我第一次看到这样美丽的景色。
(4)The hall was full of fans before the star _______________. 在这个明星出场之前,大厅里挤满了他的支持者。
(5)用behind the scenes/on the scene填空。
①Everything seemed calm at the office, but____________the manager was
planning great changes.
②The firefighters were_______________within minutes of being called.
答案：(4)appeared/came on the scene (5)①behind the scenes ②on the
scene
(1)单项填空
Seeing the happy ____________of the children playing in the park, I'm
full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.
A. Sight B. view C. look D. scene
(2)选词填空(scene/sight/view/scenery)（
①Guilin is famous for its beautiful____________ .
②The ____________is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising
slowly in the east.
③You can get a wonderful ____________at the top of the tower.
④The flowers are a lovely ____________in spring.
⑤He began to lose his ____________six years ago.
解析: (1)选D。句意为：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的幸福一幕，我对我们国家的未来充满了自信和喜悦。scene 表示包括人及其活动的"景色"。
(2)①scenery②scene③view④sight⑤sight
2. permit vt.＆vi.许可；允许；准许 n. 通行证；许可证；执照
His health doesn't permit his travelling with us.他的健康状况不允许他同我们一起旅行。
Weather permitting, we will go fishing.天气允许的话，我们会去钓鱼。
The facts permit of no other explanation.这些事实不容许有其他解释。
The nurse allowed him to remain there though it wasn't permitted.虽然规定不允许，但护士让他留在那里。
常用结构:
permit sb./sth. 允许某人/某事
permit sb. to do sth.= allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth.=allow doing sth. 允许做某事
permit of ...容许……
with/without one's permission得到允许/未经允许
ask for permission 请求允许
We don't permit pets in the classroom.我们不允许教室里有宠物。
The teacher doesn't permit us to touch anything in the lab.老师不允许我们碰实验室里的任何东西。
We don't permit smoking in the office.办公室里不准吸烟。
易混辨析
let/permit/allow
let表示"允许，让"，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后面常接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示"允许，准许"。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
【活学活用】
(1)Without a driver's permit, you are not permitted to drive the car.你若没有驾驶执照,就不允许开车。
(2)Children are not permitted into the cinema without their parents.没有家长带领,孩子们不准进入电影院。
(3)When asked why she came in ____________,she just stared at me and
said nothing. 当我问她为什么不经允许就进来时,她只是盯着我,什么都没有说。
(4)语法填空。
①We are grateful to you for ____________(permit) to reproduce this article.
②The owners don't permit ____________(park) cars in front of the shops.
③Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only
permitted___________(cook) in the kitchen.
④The ship will sail for New York tomorrow, wind and
weather____________(permit).
答案：(3)without permission (4)①permission ②parking ③to cook ④permitting
(1)单项填空
—Would you permit me ____________here?
—Sorry. We don't permit ____________in the library.
A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke
C. smoking; to smoke D. to smoke; smoking
(2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
①Students are not ____________(allow/permit)to enter the Net Bar.
②My mother wouldn't let me ____________(go) to the film.
③We don' t allow____________ (smoke) in our office.
④Weather____________ (permit), we'll go outing this weekend.
解析: (1)选D。第一个空考查permit sb. to do的用法；第二个空考查permit
doing的用法。
(2)①allowed/permitted②go③smoking④permitting
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点
She was wearing a white skirt with red spots.她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
This is the very spot where he was murdered.他就是在这儿遭到谋杀的。
常用结构:
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
on the spot 当场；立即
spotless adj.没有斑点的;极其干净的
spotted adj. 有斑点的
be spotted with 被……点缀
She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
(1)Happiness is the settling of the soul into its most appropriate spot. 幸福是把灵魂安放在最适当的位置。
(2)I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall. 因为他个子非常高,我在人群中很容易就认出了他。
(3)James was called to see the producer and got the job ____________. 詹姆斯被叫去见制片人,结果他当场就得到了那份工作。
(4)语法填空。
①On the bus, I spotted a man ____________(steal) a wallet from a lady's
shoulder bag.
②He left the party seconds before smoke was spotted ____________(rise)
along the stairs.
③Just as the car reached the spot ____________she was standing, I pulled
her to safety.
④We lay on the grass, staring at the night sky ____________(spot) with
twinkling stars.
答案： (3)on the spot (4)①stealing ②rising ③where ④spotted
(1)单项填空
He was hit by a falling stone and got killed ____________.
A. on a spot B. in a spot C. on the spot D. under the spot
(2)完成句子
①The police ____________(发现) him driving a stolen car.
②The police were ____________(到现场) within a few minutes of my
telephone call.
③He keeps his house (极其干净的).
解析: (1)选C。句意为：他被飞石击中，当场死亡。on the spot当场。
(2)①spotted②on the spot③spotless
4. account vt. 认为，把……视为 vi. 解释；说明；对……负责
n. ［U］根据，理由；［C］解释，说明；［C］描述，报道；［C］帐目
In English law a person is accounted innocent until they are proved
guilty.按照英国法律，一个人未经证实有罪之前视为无罪。
He was accounted a first-rate actor.他被认为是一名一流的演员。
He got angry on this account.由于这个缘故他生气了。
John gave us a detailed account of his plan.关于他的计划约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
常用结构:
account for 对……做出解释；(在数学、比例上)占；导致
by all accounts 大家都说
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 绝不可以
take account of=take ...into account考虑到……
He could not account for his absence from school.他无法说清楚为什么旷课。
注意：on no account为否定意义的短语，当它位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。
【活学活用】
(1)My bank accounts show that I have spent more than I received. 我的银行账目显示我已经入不敷出了。(账目,账单)
(2)John gave us a detailed account of his plan.关于他的计划,约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。(解释,说明)
(3)According to police's accounts, Mr and Mrs Hunt were found dead on
the floor of their kitchen. 据警方称,亨特夫妇被发现死在家里厨房的地板上。(记述,描述,陈述,报告)
(4)His experience in his life can account for the reason why he is ready to
help others.他的人生经历可以说明他为什么如此乐于助人。(解释,说明)
(5)In our country, rural teachers accounted for the majority of the total
number of teachers.在我国,农村教师占教师人数总量的大多数。(占……比例)
(6)用account相关短语的适当形式填空。
①____________ should the soldiers be blamed for what happened.
②His exam results were not very good, but we must____________his long
illness.
③He is in a state of deep depression____________his failure to pass the
exam.
④The police found a lot of valuables in his possession which he could
not ____________.
(7)一句多译。
①The fact that he has been ill since last week ____________his absence
from the lecture.
②He has been ill since last week, ____________his absence from the lecture.
(定语从句which)
他上周以来就一直生病,所以才缺席这次讲座。
答案：(6)①On no account ②take into account ③on account of ④account for (7)①accounts for ②which accounts for
(1)单项填空
① ____________should any money be given to a small child.
A. On no account B. From all accounts C. Of no account D. By all
accounts
②We must ____________every penny we spend during a business trip.
A. account for B. take on C. make up D. turn out
(2)完成句子（原创）
①This is ____________(一则激动人心的报道) of the match.
②The ____________(帐目) show we have spent more than we received.
③Please ____________(解释) the failure in the sports meeting.
解析: (1)①选A。on no account绝不可以；from all accounts和by all
accounts均意为"根据各种说法"；of no account不重要，通常作表语或定语。②选A。account for sth.意为"（对自己所掌管的钱等）作令人满意的交代"。
(2)①an exciting account ②accounts③account for
5. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
You must seek permission from the manager.你必须请求经理批准。
The explanation is not far to seek.这种解释不难理解。
常用结构:
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福/安慰/财富/成功
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one's fortune闯世界；寻找发迹的机会
They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
【活学活用】
(1)There is no good and evil; there is only power and those too weak to
seek it.世上并没有善与恶,只有权力和那些得不到权力的弱者。
(2)After a quarrel with James, Benjamin left Boston to seek his own
fortune. 与詹姆斯发生争吵后,本杰明离开了波士顿,去开创一番自己的天地。
(3)One way children seek more attention ___________parents is by making
themselves different from their siblings. 孩子们寻求父母更多关注的一种方法就是使自己不同于兄弟姐妹。
(4)语法填空。
①Many people spend years seeking___________the peace of mind, often
with little success.
②We are glad to receive your letter ___________(seek) the opportunity of
working in our company.
③The special medicine for the disease wasn't found
though ___________(seek) everywhere.
答案：(3)from (4)①for/after ②seeking ③sought
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）
①I think it's time we ___________(seek) legal advice.
②They are seeking ___________(change) the rules.
答案①sought ②to change
ry n. 对立面,反面 adj. 相反的; 违反的,反对的; 对立的
on the contrary 相反;反之
be contrary to 与……相反;违反;对抗
quite/just the contrary 恰恰相反
【活学活用】
(1)He is not selfish;on the contrary,he is very noble and generous.他并不自私,恰恰相反,他是一个非常高尚而又慷慨的人。
(2)Losing the job did not mean losing everything. On the
contrary(=Quite the contrary), it gave me a chance to look into myself.
失去工作并不意味着失去一切,反而给予我机会去重新认识我自己。
(3)To our disappointment, the result of the
competition __________everyone's expectation. 令我们失望的是,比赛的结果与所有人的意料都相反。
答案： (3)is contrary to
重点短语
7. bring up培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
She brought up five children.她养育了五个孩子。
Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by
her aunt.她出生后不久就父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
常用结构:
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为……
bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人做……
联想拓展
bring forward提出（问题、建议、计划等）
bring down降低；压倒
bring about使发生
bring to light 发现
bring in 引入
bring out 推出，使显出
bring on引起，带来
【活学活用】
(1)His mother died when he was young, and his grandmother brought
him up. 他小的时候母亲去世了。他是由祖母抚养成人的。(教育,养育)
(2)There's no need to bring up his past when we are considering him for
employment. 当我们考虑雇用他时,没有必要提及他的过去。(提及,提出)
(3)The greedy child brought up all he had eaten. 这个贪吃的孩子把他吃下去的东西全部吐了出来。(呕吐;恶心)
(4)用bring相关短语的适当形式填空。
①The singer has just __________his second album.
②The girl student __________many questions during the course of the
class.
③Can you tell me what it was that __________the failure of the business?
答案：(4)①brought out ②brought up ③brought about
完成句子
①He was __________________(从小就受到要尊敬老师的教育) the teachers.
②He __________(提出) a good suggestion at the meeting.
③She was so sick that she __________(吐出) all that she had had.
答案：①brought up to respect②brought up/put forward ③brought
up
8. go ahead 执行;进行，前进;（用于祈使句）可以;往下说;用吧;开始吧
Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead.尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。
联想拓展
ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过
ahead of time/in advance 提前
go against违背；反对；不利于
go around/round/about （疾病）传播
go after 追求
go by 过去
go in for爱好
go out（火、灯等）熄灭；外出
go over 复习；检查
go through 遭受；经历；通过
go up 上升；增长
go without 没有……也行；将就
go wrong 出毛病
完成句子
①After a pause, he __________(往下说) with his speech.
②The new bridge was completed__________ (提前).
③ __________(径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
④—Could I use your bike?
— __________(用吧).
答案：①went ahead②ahead of time ③Go straight ahead④Go ahead
9. by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中;不小心
Last time I ran across her in the street by accident.上次我偶然在街上碰见她了。
I only found it by accident.我只是碰巧找到的。
联想拓展
by contrast 对比之下
by mistake 错误地
by hand 用手;用体力
by machine 用机器
高手过招
用"by+n."构成的短语填空（原创）
①I was in such a hurry that I took someone else's umbrella __________.
②These toys are made __________instead of __________, so they are very
expensive.
③She had found the file __________.
答案：①by accident/chance/mistake ②by hand; by machine③by
accident
10. to be honest=honestly speaking说实话
To be honest, I am not satisfied with what you did.说实话，我对你做的事不满意。
To be honest, I know nothing about him except that he is from
America.老实说，我只知道他是一位美国人。
联想拓展
to be frank=frankly speaking坦率地说
to be exact=exactly speaking 确切地说
to tell you the truth 实话告诉你
to make things worse 更糟的是
To tell you the truth，I don你不对。
To be exact，every minute more than 130 million gallons of water
plunge to the bottom of the gorge over 320 feet down.准确地说，每分钟就有超过1.3亿加仑的水流倾泻到320多英尺之下的峡谷深处。
t think you are right.实话告诉你，我认为
这种不定式短语是坦白陈述时所用的套语，表明说话人的观点或态度，在句子中作插入语，没有任何形式上的变化，即:不受句子其他成分(特别是主语)的影响。
单项填空
I wouldn't buy that house; __________, it's too close to the main road.
A. being honest B. honest C. to be honest D. having been honest
解析:选C。考查动词不定式作插入语的用法。to be honest作插入语时，没有其他形式的变化，只能用动词不定式形式。
11. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反(只作状语)
It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it's rather
beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反,我认为它相当漂亮。
It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
联想拓展
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反
Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk.与普遍看法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。
用contrary相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）
①The car isn't expensive.__________ , it's quite cheap.
②The results were __________expectation.
答案：①On the contrary②contrary to
12. as for至于，关于
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.至于你, 你应该感到惭愧。
联想拓展
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
完成句子
①He was uncertain__________ (至于) which road to take.
②Would you be so kind __________(至于) help me to move the stone?
③__________my past, I'm not telling you anything.
答案：①as to②as to③As for
13. take a chance=take chances冒险，碰运气
He took a chance when he made the investment.当时他投资时是冒了很大风险的。
联想拓展
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth./to
do sth./that ...大有希望/没有可能/没什么希望做某事
by chance=by accident 偶然地；意外地
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
the chances are (that) ...
=it is likely that ...很可能……
【活学活用】
(1)Harold has lost a lot of money so he wants to take a chance on stock
exchange.哈罗德丢了很多钱,因此他想在股票交易上碰一碰运气。
(2)In fact, my English is not poor at all. The main reason is that I want to
take a chance to challenge myself. 其实我的英语一点也不差,主要原因是我想冒险挑战自己。
(3)语法填空。
①Nothing happens__________chance or by means of good luck.
②He was grateful for a chance __________(relax) and collect his thoughts.
③They took a chance__________the weather and decided to hold the
sports meeting next day.
④I shouldn't look forward too much to seeing Grace at the party; the
chances are__________she won't come anyway.
(4)一句多译。
①__________he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment.(the
chances are…)
②__________he will recover in a week if he receives timely
treatment.(there be…)
如果他得到及时的治疗,他很可能在一个星期内康复。
答案：(3)①by ②to relax ③on ④that
(4)①The chances are that ②There is a chance that
翻译句子
①很可能她要来。
②我遇到她完全是偶然的。
答案：①The chances are that/It's likely that she'll be coming. ②I met
her by chance.
重点句型
14. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a
strong wind.
快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
find+sb./sth.+宾语补足语=find(+that)+sb./sth.+谓语动词
联想拓展
find+it+adj./n./adv./prep. 觉得做某事是……
find +sb./ sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)
find sb./ sth. done 发现……被做……(被动或表示状态)
find oneself 发觉自己在某处/处于……
find sb./sth.+adj.+to do 觉得……(to do用主动形式表被动意义)
I found that the boy was hiding behind the door.
=I found the boy hiding behind the door.我发现那个男孩子藏在门后。
When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of
the mountain.破晓时，我们发现自己在山脚下的一个小村子里。
She got home, only to find the door locked/closed.她回到家，却发现门锁上了。
Marx found idioms hard to learn.
=Marx found it hard to learn idioms. 马克思觉得习惯用语很难学。
【活学活用】
(1)That's why she often finds herself helpless when she meets with
certain challenges. 那就是为什么她在遇到某些挑战时常常感到很无助。(接形容词作补足语)
(2)They found themselves in a dilemma as a consequence of rapid
changes in society. 由于社会的飞速发展,他们发现自己处于进退两难的境地。(接介词短语作补足语)
(3)Jenny dove into the sea and soon found herself surrounded by a
group of colourful fish.
珍妮潜进海里,不久后发现自己四周围绕着一群颜色鲜艳的鱼。(接过去分词作补足语)
(4)语法填空。
①After walking two or three hours they found __________(they) in a small
village.
②After I arrived in America, I found myself __________(live) in a completely
foreign culture and had difficulty adapting to my new environment.
③When the police arrived, they found the door __________(lock) and all
windows closed.
④A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __________(smoke) in the
kitchen.
⑤With dropping house prices, a lot of people and companies, who
borrowed money, have found themselves__________(able) to pay it back.
答案：(4)①themselves ②living ③locked ④smoking ⑤unable
完成句子 （原创）
①The film star __________(发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately
he got off the car.
②He found a wallet__________ (躺) on the ground.
③A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __________(在吸烟) in
the kitchen.
④I found it impossible __________(劝服；说服) him to give up smoking.
⑤I__________ (觉得难以想象) the life in the future.
⑥I __________(发现灯亮着) all through the night.
答案：①found himself surrounded by②lying ③smoking④to persuade
⑤find it hard to imagine⑥found the lights on
15. The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I
was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
句中的when表示"这时，就在这个(那个)时候(=and then；and just then；and at that time)"，当when作此意讲时，通常和正在发生的或即将发生的动作连用，构成：be doing ...when .../be about to do ...when ...的句型。其中when引导的从句要用一般过去时。
I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor's
shop.我正在街上闲逛，(这时)忽然看见了一家服装店。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们在开会的时候，有人突然闯入。
We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain.
我们快要动身离开的时候，天突然下起了雨。
单项填空
Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park__________she
was bitten on the leg by a lion.
B. while C. since D. before
解析:选A。when在本句中为连词，相当于and just then, and just at that
time, 意为"就在那时"。引导一个忽然出现的动作。
句意为：Jasmine 正在和她的家人在野生动物园度假时，她被狮子咬伤了腿。
,sir,I hope you'll come here whenever you like.真的,先生,我希望您想来这里的时候您就来。
句型公式 “疑问词+ever”引导的从句
【句式点拨】whenever引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when,意为“在任何时候,无论何时”。同类词还有wherever,however等。
【相关拓展】
(1)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever 既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter
what/who/which/whom。
(2)however 用作连接副词,相当于no matter how,引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管怎样……;无论如何……”,具体结构为:however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
[温馨提示] whichever,whatever在句中还可作定语。如:The content is the
same whichever book you choose.不管你选哪一本书,内容都是一样的。
【活学活用】
(1)Whenever(=No matter when) something negative happens to you,
there is a deep lesson concealed within it.任何逆境都暗藏着深刻的教训。
(2)However(=No matter how) great the difficulties are, we must
complete the task on time.不管困难有多大,我们都必须按时完成任务。
(3)Whichever(=No matter which) book you borrow, you must return it in
a week.你无论借哪本书,都必须在一周内归还。
(4)Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening
now will repeat itself in the future.一些人相信过去发生的或现在正发生的任何事情,将来仍然会重复。(引导主语从句,不能用no matter what)
(5)Whatever(=No matter what) happens, the most important thing is to
keep cool. 不管发生什么事,最重要的是要保持冷静。(引导状语从句,相当于no
matter what)
(6)用适当的-ever连接词填空。
①__________ we met with difficulties, they came to help us.
②__________ did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.
③He asks to be sent __________he's needed most.
④__________ way you're going, you have to make the most of what it is.
答案：(6)①Whenever ②Whoever ③wherever ④Whichever
