which和that的区别
-管理岗位
2023年2月15日发(作者：吾课网教案)传播优秀Word版文档，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！
1/9
定语从句中which和that区别
奥赛书上的内容：
介词后只能用which不能用that
先行词为xxx-thing时只能用that
先行词被theonly（含序数词）等限定词修饰时只能用that
先行词被最高级修饰时只用that
限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1．当先行词是anything,everything,nothing(something除外),
few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或者是由every,any,all,
some,no,little,few,much等修饰时
(1)aid?
(2)Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhim
intheworld.
(3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
(4)ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(4)Anymanthat/.whohasasenseofdutywon'tdosuchathing.
2.当先行词被序数词修饰
(1)ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBig
Ben.
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3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(1)ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.
4.当形容词被thevery,theonly修饰时
(1)ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy,
(2)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything
thatheowned.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(3)WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattend
themeeting/
5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时
(1)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
(2)WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?
6.当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
(1)Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehave
learned?
that与which的用法区别
两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：
1.引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：
Thecurrent,whichisveryrapid,makestheriverdangerous.水流湍急，
使这条河很危险。
HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.他得在星期天工作，
他是不喜欢这样的。
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TheLondonteam,whichplayedsowelllastseason,hasdonebadlythis
season.伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。
2.直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：
Shemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforher.她可能晚到，
那样我们就要等等她。
Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他们
找寻的文件已找到了。
Thismorningsomeportwinecame,forwhichIhavetothankyou.今天
早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。
注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结
构：
Hehadonlythelongnightsinwhichhecouldstudy.=Hehadonlythe
longnightsinwhichtostudy.他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。
Hehadacoupleofrevolverswithwhichhecoulddefendhimself.=Hehad
acoupleofrevolverswithwhichtodefendhimself.他只有一两把手枪
用来自卫。
3.当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much,little,none,all,few,
every(thing),any(thing),no(thing)等时，通常用that：
Allthatshelackedwastraining.她缺的只是训练。
Haveyouhadeverythingthatyouneed?你需要的东西都有了吗?
Thesleepingman’ssubconsciousmindretainedeverythingthatwassaid
aroundhim.这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。
Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedofbyherparents.她
父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。
4.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时，通常用that：
ThisistheonlyexamplethatIknow.我知道的例子只有这一个。
Thosearetheverywordsthatheused.那是他的原话。
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5.当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last,next等)等修饰时，通常用
that：
ThisisthebestdictionarythatI’veeverused.这是我用过的最好的
词典。
Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoworkoutaplan.你应该做的
第一件事是订个计划。
6.当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：
Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中国已不是过去的中国了。
7.当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：
Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.他
们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。
8.当要避免重复时：
Whichisthecoursethatwearetotake?我们选哪门课程？
@2答：1）that既可以指人又可以指物,在句子中常作“主语”,“宾语”.
2）which只能指物,在句子中常作“主语”,“宾语”,too.
3)who只能指人,在句子中作“主语”或“宾语”.
4）whom只能指人,在句子中只作“宾语”.
5）that和which的区别（这是考试中最长出现的）
只能引导限制性定语从句,which既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引
导非限制性定语从句.
b.当前面的名词为不定代词或者有最高级时,只能用“that”引导.
c.当前面为介词时,只能用“which”引导.
@3在定语从句中,who和whom就是主格和宾格的区别,另外也就没有什么好搞的
了.
主要是which和that,那么你最好把规律全部记住：
即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾
语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.
而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不
要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间
的介词不能丢（有介词的用which)
3.代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词
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包括all,anything,much等,这时的that常被省略
但在下列情况中用that而不用which：
a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代词时；
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b)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that
常被省略；
c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；
d)先行词中既有人又有物时；
e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时；
f)当先行词为物并作表语时；
g)先行词为one时；
h)先行词同时又被theonly,thevery,thesame修饰时；
初中英语定语从句练习题
选择填空
’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof_______youarenotsure.
thefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?
factory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?
thefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?
veshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.
ezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesinto
ice.
okwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..
uhaveobserved
tyouhaveobserved
sonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
r
9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
ee,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
h
oughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.
edintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.
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’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_______wereinthe
concertweattendedlastnight.
l________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
ging
___notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
rn
________thisopinionmayspeakout.
against
’tyouseetheman________?
oddedjustnow
dtojustnow
lendmethenovel______theotherday?
kedaboutit
kedabout
eanything_______toyou?
longs
elongs
20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom_______Ireadlastmonth.”
what
avethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept_____whohad
lreadytakenthem.
ers
in_______shewastravellingwaslate.
ostthekeytothedrawer_______thepapersarekept.
tic_______weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickiceall
theyearround.
hich
’sthethirdtime_______latethismonth.
uarrived
u’u’vearrived
n1969_______theAmericanastronautsucceededinlanding
onthemoon.
h
fourthistheday______weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.
hich
oingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,_______live
mygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
el_______duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.
estayedat
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westayed
thatfactory_______“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
eSuezCanal_______separatesAsia______Africa.
,,,,with
hebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,_______wasasmall
canoe,withaboyinit.
t______afool_______.
,,ashelooks
,,ashelooks
thereason_______youareinfavouroftheproposal?
t
befromAfrica,_______canbeseenfromhisskin.
wosons,_______workaschemists.
hom
37.I,_______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
anofgreatexperience,_______muchcanbelearned.
om
39.----Doyouknowthetownatall?
----No,thisisthefirsttimeI________here.
ng
’tlike_______youspeaktoher.
inthat
ofwhich
things_______theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatch
andDella’shair.
h
ch
nerwasthemostexpensivemealwe______.
rhad
nowwhichhotel_______?
tayingin
tayingin
sonlyonething_______Icando.
thinkofasituation________thisidiomcanbeused?
anybooks,someof_______areonchemistry.
reinterested_______youtoldthem.
ything
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ronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,________much
helpforknowingspace.
ethinkareof
whichisof
atdaywelookedforwardto_______atlast.
hesecondfootballmatch_______washeldlastweek.
./
[参考答案]
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