TED学院从⾃卫防⾝术课程中学到的三节课（⾳频-视频-⽂稿）
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演说者：拉娜.阿布德勒哈⽶德
演说题⽬：从⾃卫防⾝术课程中学到的三节课
中英⽂对照翻译
So my story starts on July 4, 1992, the day my mother followed her college sweetheart to New York City from Egypt. As fireworks exploded behind the skyline, my father looked at my mother jokingly and said, "Look, habibti, Americans are celebrating your arrival."
我的故事从1992年7⽉4号开始，那⼀天我的妈妈跟着她⼤学恋⼈，从埃及到了纽约。烟花在他们⾝后的天际线上绽开，爸爸看着妈妈，开玩笑说道：“看，Habibti，美国在庆祝你的到来。”
Unfortunately, it didn't feel much like a celebration when, growing up, my mother and I would wander past Queens into New York City streets, and my mother with her hijab and long flowy dresses would tighten her hand around my small fingers as she stood up against weathered comments like "Go back to where you came from," "Learn English," "Stupid immigrant."
不幸的是，实际的感觉并不像是庆祝。在我长⼤的时候，我的妈妈和我会经过皇后区进⼊纽约城的街道。我的妈妈戴着头⼱，穿着长长的裙⼦，⽤⼿紧紧地牵着我的⼿指，⾯对着那些”⽼⽣常谈“般的侮辱话语：“从哪⼉来回哪⼉去”，“去学英语”，“愚蠢的移民”。
These words were meant to make us feel unsafe, insecure in our own neighborhoods, in our own skin. But it was these same streets that made me fall in love with New York. Queens is one of the most diverse places in the world, with immigrant parents holding stories that always start with something between three and 15 dollars in a pocket,
这些话语，让我们在⾃⼰的社区深深地感到不安。但是也正是这些同样的街道让我爱上了纽约。皇后区是世界上最多元的地⽅之⼀，在这⾥移民家长们的故事往往这么开头，⽐如⼝袋⾥只有三到⼗五美元，
a voyage across a vast sea, and a cash-only hustle sheltering families in jam-packed, busted apartm
ents. And it was these same families that worked so hard to make sure that we had safe microcommunities, we, as immigrant children, to feel affirmed and loved in our identities. But it was mostly the women.
⽐如⼀段长长的跨洋航⾏和⼀份只有现⾦的零⼯，可以让家庭住在拥挤不堪的公寓⾥。同样是这些家庭，他们⾮常努⼒地⼯作以确保我们——移民的下⼀代可以有安全的⼩社区，可以对⾃⼰的⾝份确信并热爱。但是这⼤部分是⼥性。
And these women are the reason why, regardless of these statements, that my mom faced, she remained unapologetic. And these women were some of the most powerful women I have ever met in my entire life. I mean, they had networks for everything.
正是因为这些⼥性，当我的妈妈⾯对那样的⾔论时，她没有道歉。这些⼥性是我整个⼈⽣中遇到的最有⼒量的⼥性之⼀。我的意思是，任何事情，她们都有关系⽹。
They had rotations for who watched whose kids when, for saving extra cash, for throwing belly dance parties, and memorizing Koran and learning English. And they would collect small gold tokens to fundraise for the local mosque. And it was these same women, when I decided to wear my hijab, who supported me through it.
她们有轮换制，要求谁什么时候照看谁的孩⼦，她们会存下额外的现⾦，会举办肚⽪舞派对，会记忆古兰经并学习英语。她们也会收集⼩⾦币为当地清真寺募捐。当我决定戴上我的头⼱时，同样是这些⼥性，⼀直⽀持着我。
And when I was bullied for being Muslim, I always felt like I had an army who had my back. And so every morning at 15, I would wake up and stand in front of a mirror and wrap beautiful bright silk around my head the way my mother does and my grandmother did.
当我因穆斯林⾝份遭到欺凌时，我⼀直感觉⾝后有⼀只军队在⽀持我，⼀只由不低头的北⾮阿姨组成的军队。所以15岁的每个早晨，我会醒来站在镜⼦⾯前，把美丽光泽的丝⼱绕在我的头上，就像我妈妈和祖母做的⼀样。
And one day that summer 2009, I stepped out into the streets of New York City on my way to volunteer at a domestic violence organization that a woman in my neighborhood had started. And I remember at that moment I felt a yank at the back of my head. Then someone pulled and grabbed me trying to remove my hijab from off of my head.
2009年夏天的某⼀天我在纽约街上，准备作为志愿者参加反家庭暴⼒组织的活动，这个组织是由我邻居中的⼀位⼥性开办的。我记得那时我感觉后脑勺⼀阵猛拉。然后⼀个⼈⼜拉⼜拽，想要把我的头⼱
拉扯下来。
I turned around to a tall, broad-shouldered man, pure hate in his eyes. I struggled and fought back and finally was able to get away, hid myself in the bathroom of that organization and cried and cried. I kept thinking to myself "Why does he hate me? He doesn't even know me."
我转⾝，看到⼀个⾼⾼的宽肩男⼈，眼睛⾥全是仇恨。我挣扎着反击，终于逃脱。我躲在那个组织场所的卫⽣间⾥，⼀直在哭。我不停地问⾃⼰，“为什么他恨我？他甚⾄不认识我。”
Hate crimes against Muslims in the US increased by 1,600 percent post-9/11, and one in every four women in the US will suffer some form of gender violence. And it may not seem like it but Islamophobia and anti-Muslim violence is a form of gender violence, given the visibility of Muslim women in our hijabs.
在美国，911之后，针对穆斯林的仇恨犯罪上涨了1600%。并且在美国四分之⼀的⼥性会遭受性别暴⼒。也许看上去不像那么回事，但是伊斯兰恐惧症和反穆斯林暴⼒是性别暴⼒的⼀种形式，因为穆斯林⼥性穿戴头⼱⼗分显眼。
And so I was not alone and that horrified me. It made me want to do something. It made me want to
go out there and make sure that no one I loved, that no woman would have to feel this insecure in her own skin. So I started to think about how the women in my own neighborhood were able to build community for themselves and how they were able to use the very little resources they had to actually offer something.
我不是个例，这让我害怕。这让我想做⼀些事，这让我想做些事确保我所爱的⼈，所有⼥性都能感到真正的安全。所以我开始想，⾃⼰街区的⼥性如何能够为她们⾃⼰建造社区，以及她们如何能利⽤仅有的资源做出实事。
And I began to think about what I could potentially offer to build safety and power for women. And through this journey, I learned a couple of things and this is what I want to share with you today some of these lessons. So lesson number one: start with what you know.
然后我开始想我可以提供些什么来为⼥性提供安全和⼒量。通过这次经历，我学到了⼀些事情，⽽今天我想分享这些⼼得。第⼀点：从你知道的部分开始。
At the time, I had been doing Shotokan karate for as long as I could remember, and so I had a black belt. Yeah. And so, I thought, surprise. I thought that maybe I should go out into my neighborhood and teach self-defense to young girls. And so I actually went out and knocked on doors, spoke to co
mmunity leaders, to parents, to young women,
当时，我记得我在打松涛馆跆拳道，并且有个⿊带。是吧，我觉得，哈哈没想到吧。我想也许我应该深⼊街区教年轻⼥性⾃卫技巧，所以我的确⾛出去了，挨家挨户地敲门，和社区领导、家长、年轻⼥性对话，
and finally was able to secure a free community center basement and convince enough young women that they should come to my class. And it actually all worked out because when I pitched the idea, most of the responses were, like, "All right, cute, this 5'1" hijabi girl who knows karate.
最终得到了⼀个免费的社区中⼼地下室，并确保有⾜够多的年轻⼥性到我的班级来。这么做的确有⽤，因为当我推出这个想法的时候，⼤多数的回应是，“⾏，挺可爱，这个⼀⽶五、戴着头⼱的⼥孩知道怎么打跆拳道。
How nice." But in reality, I became the Queens, New York version of Mr Miyagi at 16 years old, and I started teaching 13 young women in that community center basement self-defense. And with every single self-defense move for eight sessions over the course of that summer, we began to understand the power of our bodies, and we began to share our experiences about our identities.
有意思。“但事实上，我在16岁，成为了纽约皇后区的Miyagi先⽣，并且开始在那个地下室教13个年轻⼥孩⾃卫术。那个夏天⼋节课，通过防卫术练习的⼀招⼀式，我们开始理解⾃⼰⾝体的⼒量，开始分享关于⾃⾝⾝份个性的经验。
And sometimes there were shocking realizations, and other times there were tears, but mostly it was laughs. And I ended that summer with this incredible sisterhood, and I began to feel much safer in my own skin. And it was because of these women that we just kept teaching. I never thought that I would continue but we just kept teaching.
有的时候有惊⼈的认识，有的时候有泪⽔，但⼤部分是欢笑。那个夏天之后，我收获了珍贵的姐妹情，并发⾃内⼼感觉更加安全。正因为这些⼥性，我们可以⼀直开班教授。我从没想过我可以继续，但我们确实⼀直在教。
And today, nine years, 17 cities, 12 countries, 760 courses and thousands of women and girls later, I'm still teaching. And what started as a self-defense course in the basement of a community center is now an international grassroots organization focused on building safety and power for women around the world: Malikah.
今天，经历了9年、17个城市、12个国家、760堂课程以及上千名⼥性，我依旧在教。⽽⼀开始社区中
⼼地下室的⾃卫防⾝课程，现在已经成为国际性民间组织，聚焦于为全世界的⼥性建构安全和⼒量：Malikah。
Now, for lesson number two: start with who you know. Oftentimes, it could be quite exciting, especially if you're an expert in something and you want to have impact to swoop into a community and think you have the magic recipe. But very early on I learned that as esteemed philosopher Kendrick Lamar once said it's really important to be humble and to sit down.
现在，讲讲我学到的第⼆点：从你知道的⼈开始。经常，这可以很有意思，尤其当你是某个领域的专家，想要发挥影响，猛地进⼊⼀个社区，觉得⾃⼰有魔法配⽅。但是我很早之前就知道，备受推崇的“哲学家”肯德拉克·拉马尔曾说过，谦卑并坐下来是⼗分重要的。
So, basically, at 15 years old, the only community that I had any business doing work with were the 14-year-old girls in my neighborhood, and that's because I was friends with them. Other than that, I didn't know what it meant to be a child of Bengali immigrants in Brooklyn or to be Senegalese in the Bronx.
因此，15岁的时候我基本有来往合作的团体只有附近14岁的⼥孩们，因为我和她们是朋友。除此之外，我并不了解在布鲁克林作为孟加拉移民孩⼦或在布朗克斯作为塞内加尔移民的孩⼦意味着什么。
But I did know young women who were connected to those communities, and it was quite remarkable how they already had these layers of trust and awareness and relationship with their communities. So like my mother and the women in her neighborhood, they had these really strong social networks, and it was about providing capacity and believing in other women's definition of safety.
但我认识和这些社区有联系的年轻⼥性，⽽且了不起的是她们已经和社区建⽴起信任、意识和联系。所以就像我母亲和她邻近区域的⼥性那样，这些年轻⼥性拥有⼗分强⼤的社交⽹络，并能提供能⼒，相信其他⼥性对于安全的定义。
Even though I was a self-defense instructor, I couldn't come into a community and define safety for any other woman who was not part of my own community. And it was because, as our network expanded, I learned that self-defense is not just physical. It's actually really emotional work.
尽管我是⼀个⾃卫训练师，我不能进⼊⼀个社区，为不是⾃⼰社区的⼥性定义安全。因为，随着我们⽹络的扩张，我学到⾃卫不仅是⾝体上的。⽽是⼼理上的。
I mean, we would do a 60-minute self-defense class and then we'd have 30 minutes reserved for just talking and healing. And in those 30 minutes, women would share what brought them to the class to
begin with but also various other experiences with violence.
我的意思是，我们会做60分钟的⾃卫课，然后我们会留30分钟单纯聊天治愈。在那30分钟⾥，⼥性⼀开始会分享参加课程的原因，但是也会分享和暴⼒相关的其他经验。
And, as an example, one time in one of those classes, one woman actually started to talk about the fact that she had been in a domestic violence relationship for over 30 years, and it was her first time being able to articulate that because we had established that safe space for her.
⽐如说，有⼀次在其中⼀堂课上，⼀位⼥性开始倾诉，说30多年来她⼀直处于⼀段家暴关系中，这是她第⼀次有机会说出来，因为我们为她提供了⼀个安全的空间。
So it's powerful work, but it only happens when we believe in women's agency to define what safety and what power looks like for themselves. All right, for lesson number three, and this was the hardest thing for me, the most important thing about this work is to start with the joy.
这份⼯作充满⼒量，但只有当我们相信⼥性有能⼒为⾃⾝定义安全和⼒量时，这才会发⽣。好，我学到的第三课——对我来说是最难的——对这项⼯作来说最重要的就是快乐地开始。
When I started doing this work, I was reacting to a hate-based attack, so I was feeling insecure, and
anxious and overwhelmed. I was really afraid. And it makes sense, because if you take a step back, and I can imagine that a lot of women in this room can probably relate to this, the feeling, an overwhelming feeling of insecurity is oftentimes with us constantly.
当我开始这个项⽬时，我要回应充满仇恨的攻击，所以我充满不安、焦虑、备受打击。我当时⼗分害怕。这是合理的，因为如果你退⼀步，我能想象这⾥很多⼥性也许都能感同⾝受，这种强烈的不安全感，经常伴随着我们。
I mean, imagine this: walking home late at night, hearing footsteps behind you. You wonder if you should walk faster or if you should slow down. You keep your keys in your hand, in case you need to use them. You say, "Text me when you get home. I want to make sure you are safe." And we mean those words. We're afraid to put down our drinks.
我的意思是，想象⼀下：在夜⾥⾛回家，听见⾝后响起脚步声。你在想是要⾛得快⼀点还是慢下来。你紧紧攥着钥匙以备不时之需。你说，“到家时给我发个信息。我想确保你安全到达。”⽽我们对此⼗分认真。我们害怕，不敢放下饮料。
We're afraid to speak too much or too little in a meeting. And imagine being woman and black and trans and queer and Latinx and undocumented and poor and immigrant, and you could then only im
agine how overwhelming this work can be, especially within the context of personal safety.
我们害怕在⼀个会议中讲得太多或是太少。想象⼀个⼥性，或者⿊⼈、跨性别者、同性恋、拉丁裔或是未注册的、贫穷的移民，那么你才能明⽩这项⼯作多么沉重，特别是关于个⼈安全的⼯作。
However, when I took a step to reflect on what brought me to this work to begin with, I began to realize it was actually the love that I had for women in my community. It was the way I saw them gather, their ability to build for each other that inspired me to keep doing this work day in and day out.
然⽽，当我思考这项⼯作的初衷时，我意识到⼀切始于我对我社区之中⼥性的爱。她们的团结，她们⽀撑彼此的能⼒激励我每天继续这项⼯作。
So whether I was in a refugee camp in Jordan or a community center in Dallas, Texas or a corporate office in Silicon Valley, women gathered in beautifully magical ways and they built together and supported each other in ways that shifted cultureto empower and build safety for women.
所以不管是在约旦的难民营⾥，还是在德克萨斯州达拉斯的社区中⼼⾥，或是硅⾕公司的办公室⾥，⼥性汇聚在⼀起，充满美丽和魔⼒，互相⽀持，以此转变⽂化，为⼥性赋权、构建安全。这就是改变如何发⽣的，
It was through those relationships we built together. That's why we don't just teach self-defense, but we also throw dance parties and host potlucks and write love notes to each other and sing songs together. And it's really about the friendship, and it's been so, so fun.
通过我们共筑的关系发⽣。因此我们不只是教⾃卫术，我们也会举办派对，组织聚餐，给彼此写爱⼼便签，并且⼀起唱歌。这⼀切都关乎友谊，⽽且很有意思。
So the last thing I want to leave you with is that the key takeaway for me in teaching self-defense all of these years is that I actually don't want women as cool as the self-defense moves are to go out and use these self-defense techniques. I don't want any woman to have to de-escalate any violent situation.
所以最后我想分享⼀点，是我在这⼏年教授防⾝术中学到的关键⼀点，那就是尽管防⾝术招式很酷，但实际上我不想⼥性⾛出去会⽤到这些⾃卫技巧。我希望任何⼥性都不⽤去化解任何暴⼒情况。
But for that to happen, the violence shouldn't happen, and for the violence not to happen, the systems and the cultures that allow for this violence to take place to begin with needs to stop. And for that to happen, we need all hands on deck. So I've given you my secret recipe, and now it's up to you.
但是如果要达到这⼀点，暴⼒就不应该出现。如果想要不出现暴⼒，那么允许暴⼒发⽣的系统和⽂化需要开始停⽌。要达到这⼀点，我们需要所有⼈的参与。所以，我已经告诉了你们我的秘密配⽅，现在这取决于你，
To start with what you know, to start with who you know, and to start with joy. But just start. Thank you so much. about taking those invisible personal feelings that I don’t have words for, holding them to the light, putting words to them, and then sharing them with other people in the hopes that it might help them find words to find their feelings as well.
从你知道的事务开始，从你知道的⼈开始，带着乐趣开始。但最重要的是要开始⾏动。⾮常感谢。将我不能⽤⾔语表达的⽆形的情感，公之于众，为它们赋予⽂字，并且和他⼈分享，希望它们能为他⼈的情感赋予⽂字。
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