案由大全
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2023年3月20日发(作者：小白刷机).
法律英语常用词汇大全
一、律师局部
案件受理费courtacceptancefee
案情重大、复杂importantandcomplicatedcase
案由causeofaction
案子case
包揽诉讼monopolizelawsuits
被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件);theaccused(用于刑事案件)
被上诉人appellee
被诉人respondent;defendant
本案律师councelprohacvice
本地律师localcounsel
毕业证diploma;graduationcertificate
辩护词defense;pleadings
辩护律师defenselawyer
辩护要点pointofdefense
辩护意见submission
财产租赁propertytenancy
裁定书order;ruling;determination〔指终审裁定〕
裁决书award〔用于仲裁〕
裁决书verdict〔用于陪审团〕
采信的证据admittedevidence;establishedevidence
草拟股权转让协议draftingagreementofassignmentofequityinterests
查阅法条sourcelegalprovisions
产权转让conveyancing
出差goonerrand;goonabusinesstrip
出国深造furtherstudyabroad
出具律师意见书providinglegalopinion
出示的证据exhibit
出庭appearincourt
传票summons;subpoena
辩论状answer;reply
代理词representation
代理房地产买卖与转让agencyforsaleandtransferofrealestate
代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agencyfornotarization,trademark,patent,
copyright,andregistrationofrealestateandincorporations
代理仲裁agencyforarbitration
代写文书draftingoflegalinstruments
待决案件pendingcase
当事人陈述statementoftheparties
第三人thirdparty
撤消执业证revocationoflawyerlicense
调查笔录investigativerecord
调查取证investigationandgatheringforevidence
.
调解mediation
调解书mediation
二审案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance
发送电子邮件sende-mail
法律参谋legalconsultants
法律意见书legalopinions
法律援助legalaid
法律咨询legalcounseling
法庭division;tribunal
法学博士学位LL.D(DoctorofLaws)
法学会lawsociety
法学课程legalcourses
法学硕士学位LL.M(MasterofLaws)
法学系facultyoflaw;departmentoflaw
法学学士学位LL.B(BachelorofLaws)
J.D(jurisdoctor缩写，美国法学学士)
法学院lawschool
法院公告courtannouncement
反诉状counterclaim
房地产律师realestatelawyer;realpropertylawyer
非合伙律师associatelawyer
非诉讼业务non-litigationpractice
高级合伙人seniorpartner
高级律师seniorlawyer
各类协议和合同agreementsandcontracts
公安局PublicSecurityBureau
公司上市companylisting
公诉案件public-prosecutingcase
公证书notarialcertificate
国办律师事务所state-runlawoffice
国际贸易internationaltrade
国际诉讼internationallitigation
国内诉讼domesticlitigation
合伙律师partnerlawyer
合伙制律师事务所lawofficeinpartner-ship;cooperatinglawofice
合同审查、草拟、修改contractreview,draftingandrevision
会见当事人interviewaclient
会见犯罪嫌疑人interviewacriminalsuspect
兼职律师part-timelawyer
监狱prison;jail
鉴定结论expertconclusion
缴纳会费membershipdues
举证责任burdenofproof;onusprobandi
决定书decision
.
勘验笔录recordofrequest
看守所detentionhouse
抗诉书protest
控告人accuser;complainant
跨国诉讼transnationallitigation
劳动争议labordisputes
劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitrationcommitteeforlabordisputes
劳改场reform-through-laborfarm;prisonfarm
利害关系人interestedparty;partyininterest
律管处处长directoroflawyercontroldepartment
律师lawyerattorney;attorneyatlaw
律师惩戒lawyerdiscipline
律师法LawyerLaw
律师费lawyerfee
律师函lawyer’sletter
律师见证lawyerattestation/authentication
律师见证书lawyercertification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗lawyer’sdocile;file
律师刊物lawyer’sjournal
律师联系contactphonenumberofalawyer
律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm
律师收费billingbylawyer
律师网站lawyerwebsite
律师协会NationalBar(Lawyer)Association
律师协会会员memberofLawyerAssociation
律师协会秘书长secretarygeneralofBar(Lawyer)Association
律师协会章程ArticlesofLawyerAssocition
律师业务室lawyer’soffice
律师执业证lawyerlicense
律师助理assistantlawyer
律师资格考试barexam;lawyerqualificationexam
律师资格证lawyerqualificationcertificate
民事案件civilcase
民事调解civilmediation
民事诉讼civillitigation
派出所localpolicestation;policesubstation
判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);
determination(用于终审);
sentence(用于刑事案);
verdict(由陪审团作出)
旁证circumstantialevidence
企业章程articlesofassociation;articlesofincorporation;bylaw
企业重组corporaterestructure
起诉状information;indictment
.
取消律师资格disbar
全国律师代表大会NationalLawyerCongress
缺席宣判pronouncejudgementordeterminationbydefault
人民法院People’sCourt
人民检察院People’sProcuratorate
认定事实determinefacts
上诉案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance;appellatecase
上诉人appellant
上诉状petitionforappeal
涉外律师lawyersspeciallyhandlingforeign-relatedmatters
申请复议administrativereconsiderationpetition
申请参加律师协会applicationforadmissiontoLawAssociation
申请人petitioner;claimant
申诉案件appealcase
申诉人〔仲裁〕claimant;plaintiff
申诉书appealforrevision,petitionforrevision
实习律师apprenticelawyer;lawyerinprobationperiod
实习律师证certificateofapprenticelawyer
视听证据audio-visualreferencematerial
适用法律applylawtofacts
受害人victim
书证documentaryevidence
司法部MinistryofJustice
司法建议书judicialadvise
司法局JudicialBureau
司法局副局长deputydirectorofJudicialBureau
司法局局长directorofJudicialBureau
司法统一考试uniformjudicialexam
送达serviceofprocess
诉讼litigation;action;lawsuit
诉讼当事人litigationparty;litigiousparty
诉讼业务litigationpractice
诉状complaint;billofcomplaint;statementofclaim
推销法律效劳promote/marketlegalservice
外国律师事务所foreignlawoffice
委托代理合同authorizedrepresentationcontract
委托代理人agentadlitem;entrustedagent
委托授权书powerofattorney
物证materialevidence
嫌疑人criminalsuspect
工程融资projectfinancing
工程谈判projectnegotiating
刑事案件criminalcase
刑事诉讼criminallitigation
.
行政诉讼administrativelitigation
休庭adjournthecourt;recess
宣判pronouncejudgement;determination
宣誓书affidavit
业务进修attendanceinadvancedstudies
一审案件caseoftrialoffirstinstance
与国外律师事务所交流communicatewithforeignlawfirms
原告plaintiff
证券律师securitieslawyer
证人证言testimonyofwitness;affidavit
执行笔录executionrecord
执业登记registrationforpractice
执业范围scopeofpractice;sphereofpractice;practicearea
执业申请practiceapplication
执业证年检annualinspectionoflawyerlicense
仲裁arbitration
仲裁案件arbitrationcase
仲裁机构arbitrationagency
专门律师specializedlawyer
专职律师professionallawyer;full-timelawyer
撰写法律文章writelegalthesis
资信调查creditstandinginvestigation
自诉案件privateprosecutingcase
二、诉讼法律
案件case
案件发回remand/rimitacase(toalowcourt)
案件名称titleofacase
案卷材料materialsinthecase
案情陈述书statementofcase
案外人personotherthaninvolvedinthecase
案值totalvalueinvolvedinthecase
败诉方losingparty
办案人员personnelhandlingacase
保全措施申请书applicationforprotectivemeasures
报案reportacase(tosecurityauthorities)
被告defendant;theaccused
被告人最后陈述finalstatementoftheaccused
被告向原告第二次辩论rejoinder
被害人victim
被害人的诉讼代理人victim’sagentadlitem
被上诉人respondent;theappellee
被申请人respondent
被申请执行人partyagainstwhomexecutionisfiled
被执行人personsubjecttoenforcement
.
本诉principalaction
必要共同诉讼人partyinnecessaryco-litigation
变通管辖jurisdictionbyaccord
辩护defense
辩护律师defenseattorney/lawyer
辩护人defender
辩护证据exculpatoryevidence;defenseevidence
辩论阶段stageofcourtdebate
驳回反诉dismissacounterclaim;rejectacounterclaim
驳回请求deny/dismissamotion
驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismisstheappealandsustaintheoriginaljudgement/ruling
驳回诉讼dismissanaction/suit
驳回通知书noticeofdismissal
驳回自诉dismiss/rejectaprivateprosecution
驳回自诉裁定书rulingofdismissingprivate-prosecutingcase
补充辩论supplementaryanswer
补充判决supplementaryjudgement
补充侦查supplementaryinvestigation
不公开审理trialincamera
不立案决定书writtendecisionofnocase-filing
不批准逮捕决定书writtendecisionofdisapprovinganarrest
不起诉nolpros
不予受理起诉通知书noticeofdismissalofaccusationbythecourt
财产保全申请书applicationforattachment;applicationforpropertypreservation
裁定order;determination(指最终裁定)
裁定管辖jurisdictionbyorder
裁定书order;ruling
裁决书award
采信的证据admittedevidence
查封sealup
撤回上诉withdrawappeal
撤诉withdrawalawsuit
撤销立案revokeacaseplacedonfile
撤销原判，发回重审rescindtheoriginaljudgementandremandthecaserotheoriginalcourt
forretrial
出示的证据exhibit
除权判决invalidatingjudgement(fornegotiableinstruments)
传唤summon;call
传闻证据hearsay
辩论answer;reply
辩论陈述书statementofdefence
辩论状answer;reply
大法官associatejustices;justice
大检察官deputychiefprocurator
.
代理控告agencyforaccusation
代理申诉agencyforappeal
代理审判员actingjudge
代为申请取保候审agencyforapplicationofthebailpendingtrialwithrestrictedlibertyof
moving
弹劾式诉讼accusatoryprocedure
当事人陈述statementoftheparties
当庭宣判pronouncementofjudgementorsentenceincourt
地区管辖territorialjurisdiction
地区检察分院inter-mediatePeople’sProcuratorate
第三人thirdparty
调查笔录recordofinvestigation
定期宣判pronouncementofjudgementorsentencelateronafixeddate
定罪证据incriminatingevidence;inculpatoryevidence
冻结freeze
催促程序procedureofsupervisionandurge
独任庭sole-judgebench
独任仲裁员solearbitrator
对阻碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsorymeasuresagainstimpairmentofcivilaction
对席判决judgementinterparties
二审trialofsecondinstance
二审案件caseoftrialofsecondinsurance
罚款imposeafine
法定证据statutorylegalevidence
法定证据制度systemoflegalevidence
法官judges
法警bailiff;courtpolice
法律文书legalinstruments/papers
法律援助legalaid
法律咨询legalconsulting
法庭辩论courtdebate
法庭调查courtinvestigation
法庭审理笔录courtrecord
法庭审理方式modeofcourttrial
法庭庭长chiefjudgeofatribunal
法院court
法院公告courtannouncement
反诉counterclaim
反诉辩论状answerwithcounterclaim
反诉状counterclaim
犯罪嫌疑人criminalsuspect
附带民事诉讼案件acollateralcivilaction
附带民事诉讼被告defendantofcollateralcivilaction
复查reexamination;recheck
.
复验reinspect
高级法官seniorjudge
高级检察官seniorprocurator
高级人民法院HigherPeople’sCourt
告诉案件caseofcomplaint
告诉才处理的案件caseacceptedatcomplaint
告诉申诉庭complaintandpetitiondivision
工读学校work-studyschoolfordelinquentchildren
公安部MinistryofPublicSecurity
公安分局publicsecuritysub-bureau
公安厅publicsecuritybureauatthelevelsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandcitiesunder
directjurisdictionofcentralgovernment
公开审理trialinpublic
公开审判制度opentrialsystem
公示催告程序procedureofpublicsummonsforexhortation
公诉案件public-prosecutingcase
公诉词statementofpublicprosecution
公证机关publicnotaryoffice
共同管辖concurrentjurisdiction
管辖jurisdiction
国际司法协助internationaljudicialassistance
海事法院maritimecourt
合议庭collegialpanel
合议庭评议笔录recordofdeliberatingbythecollegiatebench
和解composition;compromise
核对诉讼当事人身份checkidentityoflitigiousparties
恢复执行resumptionofexecution
回避withdrawal
混合式诉讼mixedaction
基层人民法院basicPeople’sCourt
羁押期限termincustody
级别管辖subjectmatterjurisdictionofcourtsatdifferentlevels
监视居住livingathomeundersurveillance
监狱prison
检察官procurator
检察权prosecutorialpower
检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorialcommittee
检察院procuratorate
检察院派出机构outposttribunalofprocuratorate
简易程序summaryprocedure
鉴定结论expertconclusion
经济审判庭economictribunal
径行判决directadjudicationwithoutsessions;judgementwithoutnotice
纠问式诉讼inquisitionalproceedings
.
拘传summonbyforce;summonbywarrant
拘留所detentionhouse
举报information/reportofanoffence
举证责任burdenofproof;onusprobandi
决定书decision
军事法院militaryprocuratorate
开庭审理openacourtsession
开庭通知noticeofcourtsession
勘验笔录recordofinquest
看守所detentionhouse
可执行财产executableproperty
控告式诉讼accusatoryproceedings
控诉证据incriminatingevidence
控诉职能accusationfunction
扣押distrainon;attachment
扣押物distress/distraint
宽限期periodofgrace
劳动争议仲裁申请书petitionforlabordisputearbitration
劳改场reform-through-laborfarm
劳教所reeducation-through-laboroffice
类推判决的核准程序procedureforexaminationandapprovalofanalogicalsentence
累积证据cumulativeevidence
立案报告placeacaseonfile
立案管辖functionaljurisdiction
立案决定书writtendecisionofcase-filing
立案侦查reportofplacingacaseonfile
利害关系人interestedparty
临时裁决书interimaward
律师见证书lawyer’swrittenattestation;lawyer’swrittenauthentication
律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm
律师提前介入priorinterventionbylawyer
免于刑事处分exemptionfromcriminalpenalty
民事案件civilcase
民事审判庭civiltribunal
民事诉讼civilaction
民事诉讼法CivilProceduralLaw
扭送seizeanddeliverasuspecttothepolice
派出法庭detachedtribunal
派出所policestation
判决judgement;determination
判决书judgement;determination;verdict(指陪审团作出的)
旁证circumstantialevidence
陪审员juror
批准逮捕approvalofarrest
.
破案clearupacriminalcase;solveacriminalcase
破产bankruptcy;insolvency
普通程序general/ordinaryprocedure
普通管辖generaljurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序procedureofbankruptcyandliquidationofabusinesscorporation
起诉filingofalawsuit
起诉sue;litigate;prosecute;institutionofproceedings
起诉状indictment;information
区县检察院grassrootsPeople’sProcuratorate
取保候审thebailpendingtrialwithrestrictedlibertyofmoving
缺席判决defaultjudgement
人民调解委员会People’sMediationCommittee
认定财产无主案件casesconcerningdeterminationofpropertyasqwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件casesconcerningdeterminationofacitizen
asincompetentorwithlimiteddisposingcapacity
上诉appeal
上诉人appellant
上诉状petitionforappeal
少管所juvenileprison
社会治安综合治理comprehensivetreatmentofsocialsecurity
涉外案件casesinvolvingforeigninterests
涉外民事诉讼foreigncivilproceedings
涉外刑事诉讼foreigncriminalproceedings
申请人applicant;petitioner
申请书petition;applicationforarbitration
申请执行人executionapplicant
申诉人宣誓书claimant’saffidavitofauthenticity
申诉书appealforrevision;petitionforrevision
神示证据制度systemofdivinityevidence
神示制度ordealsystem
审查案件casereview
审查并决定逮捕examineanddecidearrest
审查起诉阶段stageofreviewandprosecution
审理通知书noticeofhearing
审判长presidingjudge
审判长宣布开庭presidingjudgeannouncecourtinsession
审判管辖adjudgement/trialjurisdiction
审判监督程序procedurefortrialsupervision
审判委员会judicialcommittee
审判员judge
审问式诉讼inquisitionalproceedings
生效判决裁定legallyeffectivejudgement/order
胜诉方winningparty
省市自治区检察院higherPeople’sProcuratorate
.
失踪和死亡宣告declarationofdisappearanceanddeath
实〔质〕体证据substantialevidence
实物证据tangibleevidence
实在证据realevidence
示意证据demonstrativeevidence
视听证据audio-visualevidence
收容所collectingpost;saferetreat
首席大法官chiefjustice
首席检察官chiefprocurator
受害人的近亲属victim’simmediatefamily
受理acceptance
受理刑事案件审批表registrationformofacceptanceofcriminalcase
受送达人theaddressee
书记员courtclerk
书记员宣读法庭纪律courtclerkreadscourtrules
书证documentaryevidence
司法部MinistryofJustice
司法机关judicialorganizatons
司法警察judicialpolice
司法局judicialbureau
司法厅judicialbureauatthelevelsofprovinces,autonomousregions,andcitiesunderdirect
jurisdictionofcentralgovernment
司法协助judicialassistance
死缓的复核judicialreviewofdeathsentencewitharetrieve
死刑复核程序procedureforjudicialreviewofdeathsentence
死刑复核权competenceforjudicialreviewofdeathsentence
送达serviceofprocess
送达传票serviceofsummons/subpoena
送达诉状serviceofbillofcomplaint
搜查search
诉sue;suit;action;lawsuit
诉前财产保全propertyattachmentpriortolawsuit
诉讼litigation;lawsuit;sue;action
诉讼保全attachment
诉讼参加人litigiousparticipants
诉讼代理人agentadlitem
诉状complaint;billofcomplaint;stateofclaim
特别程序specialprocedures
提起公诉instituteapublicprosecution
铁路法院railwaycourt
铁路检察院railroadtransportprocuratorate
庭审程序procedureofcourttrial
通缉wantedforarrest
投案appearance
.
退回补充侦查returnofacaseforsupplementaryinvestigation
委托辩护entrusteddefense
未成年人法庭juvenilecourt
无行政职务的法官associatejudge
无正当理由拒不到庭refusetoappearincourtwithoutduecause
无罪判决acquittal,findingof“notguilty〞
物证materialevidence
先予执行申请书applicationforadvancedexecution
先予执行advancedexecution
刑事案件criminalcase
刑事拘留criminaldetention
刑事强制拘留criminalcoercive/compulsorymeasures
刑事审判庭criminaltribunal
刑事诉讼criminalproceedings
刑事诉讼法CriminalProceduralLaw
刑事自诉状self-incriminatingcriminalcomplaint
行政案件administrativecase
行政审判庭administrativetribunal
行政诉讼administrativeproceedings
行政诉讼法AdministrativeProceduralLaw
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件casesconcerningthedeclarationofdisappearanceanddeath
宣判笔录recordofrenditionofjudgement
选民资格案件casesconcerningqualificationsofvoters
询问证人inquire/questionawitness
训诫reprimand
讯问笔录recordofinterrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogatecriminalsuspect
言词证据verbalevidence
要求传唤证人申请书applicationforsubpoena
一裁终局arbitrationawardshallbefinalandbinding
一审trialoffirstinstance
一审案件caseoftrialoffirstinstance
应诉通知书noticeofrespondencetoaction
有罪判决sentence;findingof“guilty〞
予审preliminaryexaminantion;pretrial
原告plaintiff
院长courtpresident
阅卷笔录recordoffilereview(bylawyers)
再审案件caseofretrial
再审申请书petitionforretrial
责令具结悔过ordertosignastatementofrepentance
债权人会议creditors’meeting
侦查阶段investigationstage
侦查终结conclusionofinvestigation
.
征询原、被告最后意见consultingfinalopinionoftheplaintiffanddefendant
证据evidence
证据保全preserveevidence
证据保全申请书applicationforevidencepreservation
证人证言testimonyofwitness;affidavit
支付令paymentorder/warrant
知识产权庭intellectualpropertytribunal
执行程序procedureexecution
执行逮捕executionofarrest
执行和解conciliationofexecution
执行回转recoveryofexecution
执行庭executivetribunal
执行异议objectiontoexecution
执行员executor
执行中止discontinuanceofexecution
执行终结conclusionofexecution
指定辩护appointeddefense
指定仲裁员声明statementofappointingarbitrator
中级人民法院intermediatePeople’sCourt
中途退庭retreatduringcourtsessionwithoutpermission
仲裁arbitration
仲裁被诉人respondent;defendant
仲裁裁决award
仲裁申请书arbitration
仲裁申诉人claimant;plaintiff
仲裁庭arbitrationtribunal
仲裁委员会arbitrationcommittee
仲裁协议arbitrationagreement;clausesofarbitration
仲裁员arbitrator
主诉检察官principalprocurator
助理检察官assistantprocurator
助理审判员assistantjudge
专门法院specialcourt
专门管辖specificjurisdiction
专属管辖exclusivejurisdiction
追究刑事责任investigateforcriminalresponsibility
自首confessiontojustice
自诉案件private-prosecutingcase
自行辩护self-defense
自由心证制度doctrineofdiscretionalevaluationofevidence
自侦案件self-investigatingcase
最高人民法院theSupremePeople’sCourt
最高人民检察院theSupremePeople’sProcuratorate
最后裁决书finalaward
.
三、民事法律
法律渊源sourceoflaw
制定法statute
判例法caselaw;precedent
普通法commonlaw
特别法speciallaw
固有法nativelaw;indigenouslaw
继受法adoptedlaw
实体法substantiallaw
程序法procedurallaw
原那么法fundamentallaw
例外法exceptionlaw
司法解释judicialinterpretation
习惯法customarylaw
公序良俗publicorderandmoral
自然法naturallaw
罗马法RomanLaw
私法privatelaw
公法publiclaw
市民法juscivile
万民法jusgentium
民法法系civillawsystem
英美法系systemofAnglo-Americanlaw
大陆法系civillawsystem
普通法commonlaw
大陆法continentallaw
罗马法系Romanlawsystem
英吉利法Englishlaw
衡平法equity;lawofequity
日尔曼法Germanticlaw
教会法ecclesiasticallaw
寺院法canonlaw
伊斯兰法Islamiclaw
民法法律标准normofcivillaw
授权标准authorizationnorm
禁止标准forbiddingnorm
义务性标准obligatorynorm
命令性标准commandingnorm
民法根本原那么fundamentalprinciplesofcivillaw
平等原那么principleofequality
自愿原那么principleoffreewill
公平原那么principleofjustice
等价有偿原那么principleofequalvalueexchange
老实信用原那么principleofgoodfaith
.
行为act
作为act
不作为omission
合法行为lawfulact
违法行为unlawfulact
民事权利权利能力civilright
绝对权absoluteright
相对权relativeright
优先权rightofpriority
先买权preemption
原权antecedentright
救济权rightofrelief
支配权rightofdominion
请求权rightofclaim
物上请求权rightofclaimforrealthing
形成权rightofformation
撤销权rightofclaimingcancellation
否认权rightofclaimingcancellation
解除权rightofrenouncement
代位权subrogatedright
选择权rightofchoice
成认权rightofadmission
终止权rightoftermination
抗辩权rightofdefense
一时性抗辩权momentaryrightofdefense
永久性抗辩权permanentcounter-argumentright
不安抗辩权unstablecounter-argumentright
同时履行抗辩权defenserightofsimultaneousperformance
既得权testedright
期待权expectantright
专属权exclusiveright
非专属权non-exclusiveright
人身权利personalright
人权humanright
人格权rightofpersonality
生命健康权rightoflifeandhealth
姓名权rightofname
名称权rightofname
肖像权rightofportraiture
自由权rightoffreedom
名誉权rightreputation
隐私权rightofprivacy
私生活秘密权rightofprivacy
贞操权virginityright
.
身份权rightofstatus
亲权parentalpower;parentalright
亲属权rightofrelative
探视权visitationright
配偶权rightofspouse
荣誉权rightofhonor
权利的保护protectionofright
公力救济publicprotection
私力救济self-protection
权利本位standardofright
社会本位standardofsociety
无责任行为irresponsibleright
正当防卫justifiableright;ligitimatedefence
防卫行为actofdefence
自为行为self-conductingact
紧急避险actofrescue;necessity
自助行为actofself-help
不可抗力forcemajeure
意外事件accident
行为能力capacityforact
意思能力capacityofwill
民事行为civilact
意思表示declarationofintention
意思表示一致meetingofminds;consensus
完全行为能力perfectcapacityforact
限制行为能力restrictivecapacityforact
准禁治产人quasi-interdictedperson
保佐protection
自治产人minorwhoiscapableofadministeringhisowncapacity
无行为能力incapacityforact
禁治产人interdictedperson
自然人naturalperson
公民citizen
住所domicile
居所residence
经常居住地frequentlydwellingplace
户籍censusregister
监护guardianship
个体工商户individualbusiness
农村承包经营户leaseholdingruralhousehold
合伙partnership
合伙人partner
合伙协议partnershipagreement
合伙财产propertyofpartnership
.
合伙债务debtofpartnership
入伙joinpartnership
退伙withdrawalfrompartnership
合伙企业partnershipbusinessestablishment
个人合伙partnership
法人合伙partnershipoflegalperson
特别合伙specialpartnership
普通合伙generalpartnership
有限合伙limitedpartnership
民事合伙civilpartnership
隐名合伙sleepingpartnership;dormantpartnership
私营企业privateenterprise;proprietorship
法人legalperson
企业法人legalbodyofenterprise
企业集团groupofenterprise
关联企业affiliateenterprise
个人独资企业individualbusinessestablishment
国有独资企业solelystate-ownedenterprise
中外合资企业Sino-foreignjointventureenterprise
中外合作企业Sino-foreigncontractualenterprise
社团法人legalbodyofmassorganization
财团法人legalbodyoffinancialgroup
联营jointventure
法人型联营associationoflegalpersons
合伙型联营coordinatedmanagementinpartnership
协作型联营cooperation-typecoordinatedmanagement
合作社cooperative
民事法律行为civillegalact
单方民事法律行为unilateralcivillegalact
双方民事法律行为bilateralcivillegalact
多方民事法律行为jointactcivillegalact
有偿民事法律行为civillegalactwithconsideration
无偿民事法律行为civillegalactwithoutconsideration;civillegalactwithoutaward
实践性民事法律行为practicalcivillegalact
诺成性民事法律行为consentalcivillegalact
要式民事法律行为formalcivillegalact
不要式民事法律行为informalcivillegalact
要因民事法律行为causativecivillegalact
不要因民事法律行为noncausativecivillegalact
主民事法律行为principalcivillegalact
从民事法律行为accessorycivillegalact
附条件民事法律行为conditionalcivillegalact
附期限民事法律行为civillegalactwithterm
生前民事法律行为civillegalactbeforedeath
.
死后民事法律行为civillegalactafterdeath
准民事法律行为quasi-civillegalact
无效行为ineffectiveact
可撤销民事行为revocablecivilact
违法行为illegalact;unlawfulact
侵权行为tort
欺诈fraud
胁迫duress
乘人之危takingadvantageofothers’precariousposition
以合法形式掩盖非法目的legalformconcealingillegalintention
恶意串通maliciouscollaboration
重大误解grossmisunderstanding
显失公平obviousunjust
误传misrepresentation
代理agency
本人principal
被代理人principal
受托人trustee
代理人agent
本代理人originalagent
法定代理人statutoryagent;legalagent
委托代理人agentbymandate
指定代理人designatedagent
复代理人subagent
再代理人subagent
转代理人subagent
代理权rightofagency
授权行为actofauthorization
授权委托书powerofattorney
代理行为actofagency
委托代理agencybymandate
本代理originalagency
复代理subagency
次代理subagency
有权代理authorizedagency
表见代理agencybyestoppel;apparentagency
律师代理agencybylawyer
普通代理generalagency
全权代理generalagency
全权代理委托书generalpowerofattorney
共同代理jointagency
独家代理soleagency
居间brokerage
居间人broker
.
行纪commission;brokerhouse
信托trust
时效timelimit;prescription;limitation
时效中止suspensionofprescription/limitation
时效中断interruptionoflimitation/prescription
时效延长extensionoflimitation
取得时效acquisitiveprescription
时效终止lapseoftime;terminationofprescription
期日date
期间term
涉外民事关系civilrelationswithforeignelements
冲突标准ruleofconflict
准据法applicablelaw;governinglaw
反致renvoi;remission
转致transmission
识别identification
公共秩序保存reserveofpublicorder
法律躲避evasionoflaw
国籍nationality
国有化nationalization
法律责任legalliability
民事责任civilliability/responsibility
行政责任administrativeliability/responsibility
刑事责任criminalliability/responsibility
违约责任liabilityofbreachofcontract;responsibilityofdefault
有限责任limitedliability
无限责任unlimitedliability
按份责任shared/severalliability
连带责任jointandseveralliability
过失责任liabilityfornegligence;negligentliability
过错责任faultliability;liabilityforfault
单独过错solefault
共同过错jointfault
混合过错mixedfault
被害人过错victim’sfault
第三人过错thirdparty’sfault
推定过错presumptivefault
恶意badfaith;malice
成心deliberateintention;intention;willfulness
过失negligence
重大过失grossnegligence
疏忽大意的过失carelessandinadvertentnegligence
过于自信的过失negligencewithundueassumption
损害事实factsofdamage
.
有形损失tangibledamage/loss
无形损失intangibledamage/loss
财产损失propertydamage/loss
人身损失personaldamage/loss
精神损失spiritualdamage/loss
民事责任承当方式methodsofbearingcivilliability
停止侵害ceasetheinfringingact
排除阻碍exclusionofhindrance;removalofobstacle
消除危险eliminationofdanger
返还财产restitutionofproperty
恢复原状restitution;restitutionoforiginalstate
赔偿损失compensateforaloss;indemnifyforaloss
支付违约金paymentofliquidateddamage
消除影响eliminateilleffects
恢复名誉rehabilitateone’sreputation
赔礼抱歉extendaformalapology
物权jusadrem;rightinrem;realright
物权制度realrightsystem;rightinremsystem
一物一权原那么theprincipalofOnething,OneRight
物权法定主义principaloflegalityofrightinrem
物权公示原那么principalofpublicsummonsofrightinrem
物权法jusrerem
物property
生产资料rawmaterialforproduction
生活资料meansoflivelihood;meansofsubsistence
流通物resincommercium;athingincommerce
限制流通物limitedmerchantablething
禁止流通物resextracommercium;athingoutofcommerce
资产asset
固定资产fixedasset
流动资产currentasset;floatingasset
动产movables;chattel
不动产immovable;realestate
特定物rescertae;acertainthing
种类物genus;indefinitething
可分物resdivisibiles;divisiblethings
不可分物resindivisibiles;indivisiblethings
主物rescapitalis;aprincipalthing
从物resaccessoria;anaccessorything
原物originalthing
孳息fruits
天然孳息naturalfruits
法定孳息legalfruits
无主物bonavacatia;vacantgoods;ownerlessgoods
.
遗失物lostproperty
漂流物driftingobject
埋藏物fortuna;hiddenproperty
货币currency
证券securities
债券bond
物权分类classificationofrightinrem/realright
自物权jusinrepropria;rightoffullownership
所有权dominium;ownership;title
所有权凭证documentoftitle;titleofownership
占有权dominiumutile;equitableownership
使用权rightofuse;righttouseof
收益权righttoearnings;righttoyields
处分权rightofdisposing;jusdispodendi
善意占有possessioningoodfaith
恶意占有maliciouspossession
按份共有severalpossession
共同共有jointpossession
他物权jusinrealiena
用益物权realrightforusufruct
使用权righttouse;rightofuse
土地使用权righttotheuseofland
林权forestownership
采矿权miningownership
经营权managerialauthority;powerofmanagement
承包经营权righttocontractedmanagement
相邻权neighboringright;relatedright
地上权superficies
永佃权jusemphyteuticum;righttolandedestategrantedinperpetuitythroughacontract
地役权servitude;easement
人役权servituspersonarum;personalservitude
担保物权realrightforsecurity
物的担保securityforthing
物的瑕疵担保warrantyagainstdefectofathing
抵押权hypotheca;hypothecation;righttomortgage
抵押权的设定creationofrighttomortgage
抵押人mortgagor
抵押权人mortgagee
抵押标的物collateral;estateundermortgage
抵押权的效力deffectofrighttomortgage
抵押权的次序sequenceofrighttomortgage
抵押权的抛弃abandonmentofrighttomortgage
抵押权的让与alienationofrighttomortgage
抵押权的实现materializationofrighttomortgage
.
抵押权的消灭extinctionofrightto
mortgageregistrationofestateundermortgage
抵押物登记registrationofestateundermortgage
抵押优先权priorityofmortgage
留置权lien
一般留置权generallien
特别留置权speciallien
质权hypotheque;pledge;rightofpledge
佃权tenantright
债权jusinpersonam;righttogiveorprocure;claim;creditor’sright
债权人creditor
债务人debtor
相对人counterpart;offeree
给付give;pay
债务debt;liability;obligation
债务的归还paymentofdebt
债务的偿清dischargeofdebt
债务的担保guaranteeofdebt
债务的合并consolidationofdebt
债务的给付日期debtmaturity
债务的免除exemptionofdebt
债的分类obligatio;obligation
法定之债legalobligation
任意之债voluntaryobligation
简单之债simpleobligation
选择之债alternativeobligation
主债prime/principalobligation
从债accessoryobligation
单一之债singleobligation
按份之债severalobligation
连带之债jointobligation
特定之债certainobligation
种类之债indefiniteobligation
合同之债contractualobligation
侵权行为之债tortobligation
损害赔偿之债obligationofcompensationforinjury;obligationofdamages
人身损害damagetoperson
精神损害moral/mental/spiritualdamage
医药费hospitaltreatmentexpense
医疗费medicalcharge
抚恤金pension
慰问金consolationmoney
产品瑕疵defectofproduct
不当得利unjustenrichment
.
无因管理voluntaryservice
债的担保guaranteeofobligation
财产担保propertyguarantee
信用担保creditguarantee
让与担保alienationguarantee
保证guaranty
明示保证expressguaranty
默示保证impliedguaranty
保证人guarantor
保证合同contractofguaranty/suretyship
保证金guarantybond;securitydeposit
押金deposit;foregift
预付款advancedpayment
定金earnestmoney;deposit
违约金liquidateddamages
法定违约金liquidateddamagesbylaw
约定违约金liquidateddamagesbyagreement
债的履行performanceofobligation
实际履行原那么doctrineofspecificperformance
情事变更原那么doctrineofchangeofcircumstances
不当履行misfeasance
清偿discharge;satisfaction
提存debtor’ssubmissionofthesubjectmatterofobligationtocompetentauthority
抵销setoff
知识产权intellectualproperty
知识产权国际保护internationalprotectionofintellectualproperty
国民待遇原那么doctrineofnationaltreatment
优先权原那么arightofprioritydoctrine
自动保护原那么doctrineofautomaticprotection
特许权使用费royalties
智力成果intellectualproperty
著作权copyright
版权copyright
著作权人copyrightowner
创作creation
作品opus;product;work
著作人格权rightofpersonalityofcopyright
发表权rightofpublication
署名权rightofauthorship;rightofpaternity
修改权rightofmodification;rightofrevision
完整性保持权righttomaintainintegrity
不可侵犯权inviolability
收回权rightofrecall;rightofretrieval
自费出版publishabookattheauthor’sownexpense
.
著作财产权propertyrightinwork
使用收益分享权righttoshareusufruct
利用权righttomakeuseof
获得报酬权righttogetpayment
重播权rightofrebroadcasting
录制权rightoffixation
机械复制权rightofmechanograph;rightofmechanicalreproduction
著作邻接权neighboringrightofcopyright
剽窃plagiary;plagiarism
盗版pirate
盗版VCDpiratedVCD
伪造forge
工业产权industrialproperty
专利权patentright
优先权日prioritydate
申请在先原那么priorapplicationrule
使用在先priorityofuse
新颖性novelty
创造性creativity
实用性practicability
创造创造inventionandcreation
实用新型utilitymodel
外观设计design;industrialdesign
创造权rightofinvention
发现权rightofdiscovery
专利申请patentapplication
专利异议objectiontoapatent
专利公告patentgazette
专利续展费renewalfeeofpatent
专利许可协议patentlicensingagreement
技术诀窍know-how
专有技术know-how
专利证书certificateofpatent
专利事务所patentoffice
专利代理patentagency
中华人民共和国专利局PatentOfficeofthePeople’sRepublicofChina
商标权trademarkright
商标国际注册internationalregistrationoftrademark
商品商标commoditytrademark
效劳商标servicetrademark
著名商标reputedtrademark
广告商标advertisementtrademark
近似商标similartrademark
商标评审委员会tradereviewandappraisalboard
.
商标审查trademarkexamination
商标侵权trademarkinfringement
商标注册registeredtrademark
商标公告trademarkgazette
注册商标使用许可licensingofregisteredtrademark
注册商标转让assignmentofregisteredtrademark
商标使用许可协议trademarklicensingagreement
商标事务所trademarkoffice
商标代理trademarkagency
婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage,family,inheritance,adoption
婚姻法maritallaw;marriagelaw
包办婚姻arrangedmarriage
财产分割partition;dismembermentofproperty
重婚bigamy
独生子女onlychild
法律婚legalmarriage
非婚生子女illegitimatechild
夫妻共同财产communityproperty
夫妻关系conjugalrelationship
夫妻分居divorceamensaetthoro;divorcefrombedandboard
复婚resumptionofmarriage
感情破裂incompatibility
婚后财产公证notarizationofpostnuptialproperties
婚姻登记marriageregistration
婚生子女ligitimatechild
方案生育birthcontrol
结婚marry
离婚divorce
买卖婚姻mercenarymarriage
拟制血亲bloodrelationsinfictionoflaw
旁系血亲collateralrelationbloodrelation
涉外婚姻marriagewithforeignelements
配偶spouse
事实婚defactomarriage
诉讼离婚divorcebylitigation
探视权visitationright
同居cohabitation
晚婚latemarriage
无效婚姻voidmarriage
协议离婚divorcebyagreement
一夫一妻制monogamy
早婚earlymarriage
直系血亲linealdescent
自然血亲naturalbloodrelation
.
收养法adoptionlaw
收养协议adoptionagreement
收养人adoptiveparent
送养人personorinstitutionplacingoutachildforadoption
涉外收养adoptionwithforeignelements
继承法inheritancelaw;lawofsuccession
法定继承legalseccession
遗嘱继承intestatesuccession
遗赠继承successionbydevise
自然继承naturalsuccession
代位继承representation;successionbysubrogation
世袭继承hereditarysuccession
间接继承indirectsuccession
转继承subsuccession
共同继承jointsuccession
单独继承singlesuccession
继承人heir;successor
第二顺序继承人successorsecondinorder
第一顺序继承人successorfirstinorder
继承参与人successionparticipant
遗产inheritance;heritage
遗产继承人heirtoproperty;inheritor
遗言lastwillandtestament
遗书lastwords
遗赠bequest;legacy;devise
遗赠抚养协议legacy-supportageement
四、商事法律
会计法accountinglaw
税法taxlaw;taxationlaw
反不正当竞争法anti-unfaircompetitionlaw
消费者权益保护法consumer’sinterestprotectionlaw
产品责任法productionliabilitylaw
消费者权益法consumerrightsandinterestslaw
公司法companylaw;corporatelaw
公司company;corporation
有限责任公司limitedliabilitycompany
股份companylimitedbyshares
无限公司unlimitedcompany
股份两合公司jointstocklimitedliabilitypartnership
两合公司jointliabilitycompany
控股公司holdingcompany
集团公司groupcompany
合资公司jointventurecompany
联营公司associatedcompany;affiliatedcompany
.
国营公司state-owncompany
国有公司state-ownedcompany
民营公司civilian-runcompany
本国公司national/domesticcompany
外国公司foreigncompany
上市公司listedcompany
母公司parentcompany
子公司subsidiary
皮包公司briefcasecompany;fundlesscompany
募集设立incorporationbystockfloatation
发起人floater;initiator
公司名称nameofcompany
公司住址domicileofcompany
出资contribution;capitalsubscription
现金出资investmentincash
实物出资investmentinkind
工业产权出资investmentinindustrialpropertyright
非专有技术出资investmentinnon-patenttechnology
劳务出资investmentinlabor
高新技术成果出资investmentinhi-techachievements
注册资本registeredcapital
实缴资本paid-incapital
验资报告capitalverificationreport
会计师事务所certifiedpublicaccountants
注册会计师certifiedpublicaccountant
资本三原那么threedoctrineofcapital
资本确定原那么doctrineofcapitaldetermination
资本维持原那么doctrineofcapitalmaintenance
资本不变原那么doctrineofunchangingcapital
最低资本额制度minimumcapitalsystem
公司章程articlesofassociation;articlesofincorporation;bylaw
公司登记incorporation;corporateregistration
公司存续existenceofcompany
公司合并分立mergerandsplitofcompany
公司并购corporatemergerandacquisition
公司管理corporategovernance;companymanagement
公司法律参谋corporatecounsel
公司整顿companyrectification
公司歇业closureofbusiness
公司和解companycomposition
公司解散companydissolution
公司清算companyliquidation
公司清理companywinding-up
竞业禁止non-commpete;competitionprohibition
.
招股章程prospectus
股本stockcapital
股东shareholder
股东大会shareholders’meeting
股东大会决议resolutionofshareholders’meeting
股东大会议事规那么ruleofprocedureofshareholders’meeting
表决权votingright;righttovote
董事director
董事长president/chairmanoftheboard
首席执行官chiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)
首席运营官chiefoperationofficer(COO)
执行董事executivedirector
常务董事managingdirector
董事会boardofdirectors
董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibilitysystemofthechiefexecutiveofficerunderthe
leadershipoftheboardofdirectors
经理独立负责制managerindependentresponsibilitysystem
监事supervisor
监事会boardofsupervisors
股share;stock
普通股commonstock
特别股specialstock
资格股qualificationstock
优先股preferredstock
劣后股inferiorstock
表决权股stockwithvotingpower
溢价股premiumstock
折价股convertingstock
国家股state-ownedshare
集体股collectiveshare
法人股corporateshare
企业股enterpriseshare
个人股individualshare
股息dividend
红股bonusstock;dividendstock
法定公积金legalaccumulationfund
资本公积金capitalaccumulationfund
盈余公积金surplusaccumulationfund
任意公积金optionalaccumulationfund
公司犯罪corporatecrime
证券法securitieslaw
证券发行issuanceofsecurities
证券上市listsecurities;floatanissue
证券交易所stockexchange
.
证券商securitiesdealer
证券公司securitiescompany
证券承销商consortiumofunderwriters
证券承销合同underwritingcontract
证券经纪人securitiesbroker
披露制度disclosingsystem
交割日closingdate
风险投资基金venturecapitalfund
上海证券交易所ShanghaiStockExchange
深圳证券交易所ShenzhenStockExchange
证券监督委员会securitiessupervisioncommittee
票据法lawofnegotiableinstrument
票据notes;bills;commercialinstruments
商业票据bill;commercialinstrument
远期票据timebill;;long-datedbill
到期票据maturedbill
即期票据sightbill
记名票据billpayabletoorder;notetoorder
不记名票据bearerinstrument
本票promissorynote
支票cheque
汇票billofexchange
发票日ticketday
出票日dateofdraft/issue
发票地placeofdraft/issue
票据到期日billtomature
票据金额sumofbill
票面价额facevalue
票据出票人drawer
票据持票人billholder
票据承兑人billacceptor
票据行为actoncommercialpaper
承兑票据honorabill
票据议付negotiation
拒付票据protestabill
票据付款人drawee
票据支付人payeroncommercialinstrument
票据收款人billcollector
票据背书人endorser/indorserofabill
被背书人endorsee
票据保证人billguarantor
票据被保证人billpledgee/warrantee
再追索人renewedrecourser
前手remoteholder
.
后手subsequentendorser
票据权利rightofbill
票据期限termofbill;tenor
票据债务人debtorofcommercialinstrument
追索权rightofrecourse
票据抗辩exceptiontobill
票据丧失lossofbill
票据时效prescriptionofexchanges
票据贴现discountofbill
再贴现rediscountofbill
恩惠期间termofbenevolence
票据代理agencyfornotes/bills/commercialinstruments
海商法maritimelaw
船舶国籍证书certificateofregistry;certificateofship’snationality
船棋国flagcountry
船舶所有权证书certificateofshipownership
船舶检验registerofship
船舶保险insuranceonhull
船舶保险单hullinsurancepolicy
船舶登记证书certificateofregistry
船舶丈量tonnagemeasurementofships
船舶进港费groundage
船舶抵押shipmortgage
船舶租赁shipchartering
船舶转租shipsubchartering
船舶所有人责任限制limitationofliabilitiesofshipowners
船舶碰撞shipcollision
船舶遇难maritimedistress
海上灾难perilsofthesea
海上拖航marinetowage
船舶扣押detentionofship
船舶债权ship’scredit
船级社classificationsociety
船级证书certificateofclass
海上留置权maritimelien
船舶留置权maritimelien
船舶抵押权maritimemortgage
海上优先请求权priorityclaimtoseagoingships
救助优先权priorityclaimtosalvage
共同海损优先权priorityclaimtogeneralaverage
效劳优先权priorityclaimtoservice
货物损害优先权priorityclaimtocargodamage
传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priorityclaimtoshipcreditandgoodscredit
海运合同shippingcontract
.
提单billoflading(B/L)
空舱费deadfreight
租船费charterage
租船合同charter-partycontractofaffreightment
期租船合同timecharter-party;timeCP
航次租船合同voyagecharter-party
定期租船合同timecharter-party
光船租船合同bareboatcharter-party;bareboatCP
包租运输合同shippingcharter-party
海上旅客运输合同contractforcarriageofpassengersbysea
远洋拖带合同contractofoceantowage
港内拖带合同contractofporttowage
海难救助合同salvagecontract
海事报告master’sprotest;;seaprotest
海事声明书seaprotest
海事争议maritimedispute
海事法院maritimecourt;;admiraltycourt
海事诉讼程序maritimeproceedings
船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civiljurisdictionofseacollision
船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminaljurisdictionofseacollision
海事争议的审理hearing/trialofmaritimedisputes
海事诉讼保全措施measuresformaritimeattachment
海事优先请求权preferentialrighttopmaritimeclaim
海事请求保全申请书application/petitionformaritimeattachment
海事诉讼法律文书送达serviceoflegalinstrumentsinmaritimeaction/proceedings
涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdictionofmaritimeactioninvolvingforelements
强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsoryrealizationofthedistrainedship
海事仲裁程序规那么rulesofmaritimearbitrationprocedure
保险法insurancelaw
自愿保险voluntaryinsurance
强制保险compulsoryinsurance
商业保险commercialinsurance
财产保险propertyinsurance
人身保险personalinsurance
人寿保险lifeinsurance
健康保险healthinsurance
意外保险accidentinsurance
社会保险socialinsurance
养老保险endowmentinsurance
医疗保险medicalinsurance
失业保险unemploymentinsurance
信用保险creditinsurance
保证保险guarantyinsurance
保险合同insurancecontract
.
保险人insurer;underwriter
被保险人theinsured
受益人benificiary
投保人applicantforinsurance;;policyholder
保险单insurancepolicy
保险标的insuranceobject
保险费premium
保险期限timelimitofinsurance
保险利益insurableinterest
保险金额insurance;insurancecompensation
保险事故insuranceaccident
保险赔偿insuranceindemnity
保险代理人insuranceagent
保险经纪人insurancebroker
索赔claim
代位索赔claimbysubrogation
理赔settlementofclaim
代位求偿权rightofsubrogation
委付abandonment
退保cancellation/dischargingofinsurance
五、刑法总论
刑法学criminallaw;penallaw
犯罪学criminology
犯罪心理学criminalpsychology
劳动改造法学reform-through-labor
中国刑法史historyofChinesecriminallaw
比拟刑法学comparativecriminallaw
刑事侦查criminaldetection
司法精神病学forensicpsychiatry
罪刑法定原那么principalofalegallyprescribedpunishmentforaspecifiedcrime
罪刑相适应原那么principalofsuitingpunishmenttocrime
罪责自负原那么principalofbearingresponsibilitysolelyforone’sowncrime
惩罚与教育相结合原那么principalofcombiningpunishmentwitheducation
从旧原那么thedoctrineofobservingoldlaws
从新原那么thedoctrineofobservingnewlaws
从旧兼从轻原那么thedoctrineofobservingoldlawsandnewoneswhenwithlighter
punishment
从新兼从轻原那么thedoctrineofobservingnewlawsandoldoneswhenwithlighter
punishment
追诉时效limitationofprosecution
刑事责任criminalliability/responsibility
刑事责任年龄ageforcriminalresponsibility
刑事责任能力criminalresponsibility;capacityforcriminalresponsibility
犯罪crime;commitacrime
.
成心犯罪intentionalcrime;willfulcrime
过失犯罪negligentcrime
犯罪构成constitutionofacrime
犯罪主体subjectofacrime
犯罪客体objectofacrime
犯罪的主观方面subjectiveelementsofacrime
犯罪的客观方面objectiveelementsofacrime
犯罪对象targetofacrime
犯罪成心criminalintent;mensrea
直接成心actualintent;directintent
间接成心indirectintent
犯罪过失criminalnegligence
疏忽大意的过失carelessnegligence
过于自信的过失negligencewithundueassumption
不能预见unforeseeable;unpredictable
不能防止unavoidable
犯罪动机criminalmotive
犯罪目的criminalintent;criminalpurpose
防卫过当unjustifiableself-defense
紧急避险actofrescue;necessity
犯罪既遂completionofacrime
犯罪未遂attemptedcrime
犯罪形态criminalpattern
犯罪预备acrimeinpreparation;preparationforacrime
犯意表示expressionforacrime
犯罪中止abandonment/discontinuanceofacrime
犯罪中断suspensionofacrime
行为犯behavioraloffence
危险犯potentialdamageoffence
结果犯consequentialoffence
结果加重犯aggregatedconsequentialoffence
类推analogy
定罪conviction;crimination
定罪情节circumstancesforadjudgment
定罪量刑punishmentfitsthecrime
量刑情节principleofdiscretionaryactionofsentencing;principalofsentencing
危害行为dangerousact
因果关系causativerelation
共同犯罪complicity;jointoffence
教唆犯abettor
主犯principal
从犯accessory
胁从犯accompliceunderduress;unwillingfollower
帮助犯aider;accessory
.
累犯recidivist;repeatoffence
一般累犯commonrecidivist
反革命累犯counter-revolutionaryrecidivist
法人犯罪corporatecrime
结伙犯罪gangcrime
流氓集团gangofhoodlums
流氓罪crimeofindecentassault
集团犯罪organizedcrime
经济犯罪economiccrime
职务犯罪dutycrime;crimebytakingadvantageofduty
聚众犯罪assembledacrowdtocommitacrime
一罪onecrime
一罪不二罚nemobispuniturproeodemdelicto;nooneispunishedtwiceforthesamecrime
继续犯continuouscrime
持续犯continuouscrime
想象竟合犯imaginativejoinderofoffences
惯犯habitualoffence
结合犯combinativecrime;integratedoffence
连续犯continuingoffence
牵连犯implicatedoffence
吸收犯Inclusiveoffence;absorbableoffence
数罪pluralcrimes
数罪并罚joinderofpunishmentforpluralcrimes
法定最高刑maximumstatutorypenalty
法定最低刑minimumstatutorypenalty
总和刑期totaltermofsentences
并科原那么doctrineofcumulationofpunishments
相加原那么doctrineofaccumulation
合并原那么doctrineofjoinder
累加原那么cumulativeprinciple
吸收原那么absorptionprinciple
限制加重原那么principleoflimitativeaggravation
折衷原那么doctrineofcompromise
两罚制dual/doublepunishment
单罚制singlepunishment
漏罪omittedcrime
先并后减reductionaftercombinedsentence
新罪newlycommittedcrime
先减后并combinationofsentenceafterreduction
刑罚个别化原那么principleofindividualizationofpunishment
刑罚经济原那么principleofeconomizationofpunishment
刑罚人道主义原那么principleofhumanitarianismofpunishment
刑罚效益原那么principleofutilityofpunishment
刑罚的种类classificationofcriminalpennalties
.
生命刑punishmentdeprivinglife
财产刑punishmentagainstproperty
权利刑punishmentofdeprivingrights
主刑principalpenalties
管制publicsurveillance
拘役penalservitude
有期徒刑fixed-termimprisonment
无期徒刑lifeimprisonment
死刑deathpenalty
死缓deathsentencewithatwo-yearreprieve
附加刑accessorypenalties
剥夺政治权利deprivationofpoliticalright
没收财产forfeitureofproperty
罚金criminalfine
剥夺勋章、奖章和荣誉称号strippingofmedals,decorationorhonorarytitles
驱逐出境renvoi
量刑sentencing
犯罪事实criminalfact
犯罪性质criminalcharacter
犯罪情节criminalcircumstancesofcrime
情节严重grave/seriouscircumstances
情节特别严重circumstancesareparticularlyserious
情节恶劣circumstancesarewicked
后果特别严重withparticularlyseriousconsequence
量刑情节circumstanceforsentencing
法定情节statutorycircumstances
从轻处分lighterpunishment
减轻处分mitigationofpenaltybelowminimumstatutoryprescript
从重处分heavierpunishment
加重处分aggravationofpenaltybelowminimumstatutoryprescript
免予处分exemptionfrompunishment
酌定情节discretionarycircumstances
自首surrenderoneselftojustice
坦白confessionofone’soffence
自动投案voluntarysurrendertojustice
立功metitoriousserviceoffset立功赎罪
假释one’sguiltbymerit
假释考验期probationperiodforparole
减刑commutation;mitigationofpunishment
减刑建议书advisoryletterofcommutation
赦免pardon
大赦amnesty;generalpardon
特赦specialpardon
追诉时效limitationofprosecution
.
追诉期限deadlineofprosecution
预防犯罪preventionofcrime
缓刑probation;reprieve
缓刑宣告制systemofsuspendedpronouncementofsentence
缓刑起诉制systemofsuspendedprosecution
缓刑考验期probationperiod
行刑execution;executingpunishment
监外执行executionofsentenceoutsideprisonyetundersurveillance
六、劳动与社会保障法律
劳动法laborlaw
劳动保护laborprotection
劳动合同制laborcontractsystem
集体劳动合同collectivelaborcontract
劳动合同期限termofalaborcontract
不定期劳动合同employmentcontractwithunspecifiedterm
有固定期限劳动合同timelaborcontract
劳资双方laborandmanagement
用人单位employer
劳动者employee
劳动年龄jobage;laborage
试用期probationperiod
标准工时制度standardlabortimesystem
劳动时间workinghours
劳动期间workingperiod
带薪年休假paidannualleave
法定休假日legalholiday;officialholiday
公休日publicholiday
劳动收入laborincome
工资等级制度wagegradingsystem
固定工资wageoffixedamount
浮开工资floatingwage
保底工资minimumwage
提成工资deductionwage
劳动人事管理laborandpersonnelmanagement
劳动纪律labordiscipline
竞业禁止规定non-competerules
保密规定confidentiality
解雇dismiss;fire
辞职resign;resignation
终止劳动关系terminatelaborrelation
工伤industrialinjury
福利welfare
劳动保险laborinsurance
.
劳动赔偿laborindemnity
社会保障socialsecurity
就业登记employmentregistration
公费医疗freemedicalcare
下岗layoff
下岗职工laid-offworker
劳动管理部门administrativedepartmentforlabor
劳动合同鉴定certificationoflaborcontract
劳动平安卫生检查制度
systemofinspectionforlaborsafetyandhygiene
劳动能力丧失程度鉴定verificationofdegreeofphysicaldisability
劳动鉴定委员会laborappraisalcommittee
劳动监察制度laborsupervisionsystem
劳动介绍所employmentagency
人才交流中心talentexchange
劳动力市场labormarket
人事档案personnelarchive
劳动与社会保障部MinistryofLaborandSocialSecurity
社会保险socialsecurity
养老保险endowmentinsurance
医疗保险medicalinsurance
失业保险unemploymentinsurance
生育保险birthinsurance
劳动争议仲裁庭arbitrationtribunaloflabordisputes
劳动仲裁法laborarbitrationlaw
劳动合同履行地placewherealaborcontractisperformed
劳动合同争议disputeoflaborcontract
申诉人complainant;petitioner
被申诉人respondent
仲裁申请书arbitrationpetition
先裁后诉award(alabordispute)shallbeobtainedbeforelitigation
七、行政法律
具体行政行为specificadministrativeact
抽象行政行为abstractadministrativeact
行政案件administrativecase
行政补偿administrativerecuperation
行政不作为administrativeomission
行政部门administrativedepartment;executivebranch
行政裁定administrativeruling
行政裁定书administrativerulinginwriting
行政裁决administrativeadjudication
行政裁量administrativediscretion
行政裁判administrativeadjudication
行政程序法administrativeprocedurelaw
.
行政裁判所administrativetribunal
行政程序administrativeprocedure
行政程序法administrativeprocedurelaw
行政程序立法administrativeprocedureligislation
行政程序违法violationoflawofadministrativeprocedure
行政处分administrativepenalty;administrativepunishment
行政处分的简易程序summaryproceduresforadministrativepenalties
行政处分的听证程序procedureonhearingofadministrativepenalties
行政处分决定书writtendecisionofadministrativepenalty
行政处分administrativesanction
行政处理administrativehandling
行政措施administrativemeasure;executiveaction
行政复议administrativereconsideration
行政申诉administrativeappeal
行政审查administrativeexamination
行政审判administrativeadjudication;administrativetrial
行政申诉状writtenadministrativeappeal
限制人身自由权的行政处分administrativepenaltiesrestrictingthepersonalliberty
限制行为权的行政处分administrativepenaltiesrestrictingtherightofpersonalfreedom
行政干预administrativeinterference
行政干预administrativeintervention
行政告知administrativenotice
行政割让cessionofadministration
行政公函officialletter
行政公开原那么principleofadministrativeopenness
行政即决行为summaryadministrativeact
行政监察administrativesupervision;supervisionoveradministration
行政监督administrativesupervision;supervisionbyadministration;supervisionbythe
executive
行政检查administrativeinspection
行政鉴定administrativeappraisal
行政救济穷尽原那么doctrineofexhaustiveness(ofadministrativeremedies)
行政拘留administrativeattachment;administrativedetention
行政决定administrativedecision;executivedecision
行政控制administrativecontrol;executivecontrol
行政决议administrativeresolution
行政命令administrativeorder;executivecommand;executiveorder
行政判决administrativejudgement
行政侵权administrationtort
行政请愿administrativepetition
行政协理administrativeassistant
具体行政行为specificadministrativeact
行政安排administrativearrangement
行政控诉administrativeappeal
.
违法行政行为administrativeactinviolationoflaw
警告admonition
司法建议judicialadvice
八、其他
法理〔学〕jurisprudence
法律渊源sourcesoflaw
法系familyoflaw;genealogyoflaw
普通法系commonlaw
大陆法系continentalgenealogyoflaw;civillaw
保护性标准protectivenorm
禁止性标准prohibitivenorm
命令性标准mandatorynorm
强制性标准compulsorynorm
任意性标准randomnorm
义务性标准obligatorynorm
选择性标准optionalnorm
立法legislation
人治ruleofmen
法治ruleoflaw
法制justice;ligality
司法监督judicialsupervision
程序法procedurallaw
实体法substantivelaw