英语肯定句
国家储备林-免疫系统功能
2023年3月19日发(作者：污水监测技术规范)-
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肯定句、否认句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解
一、肯定句、否认句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义
1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思,即不含有否认词“不〞。
我是一个学生Iamastudent.
他去上学Hegoestoschool.
2．否认句：表示否认的意思。
我不是一个男孩。Iamnotaboy
他不去上学Hedoesnotgotoschool.
3.一般疑问句：答复为“是yes〞或者“否no〞的问句。
你是一个学生吗？Areyouastudent?
你喜欢英语吗？DoyoulikeEnglish?
4.特殊疑问句：答复不是“是yes〞或者“否no〞的问句，根据提问内容具体答复。
现在几点了？What’sthetime?
哪一支笔是你的？Whichisyourpen?
二、肯定句、否认句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换
有am,is,are的句子
肯定句变否认句：在am,is,are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。
肯定句变一般疑问句：把am,is,are提前放到句首并大写Am,Is,Are,其余照抄。
肯定句变特殊疑问句〔就划线局部提问〕：分3步骤
第一步：先变一般疑问句
第二步：找适宜的特殊疑问词代替划线局部〔划线局部不能在特殊疑问句中出现〕
第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线局部。
1．肯定句、否认句和一般疑问句的互换
肯定句：Thisisabook.
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否认句：Thisisnotabook.
一般疑问句：Isthisabook?
肯定答复：Yes,itis.
否认答复：No,itisn’t.
2．就划线局部提问(变特殊疑问句)
Thisisabook.
第一步：变一般疑问句Isthisabook?
第二步：找适宜的特殊疑问词Isthiswhat?
第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线局部。Whatisthis?
没有am,is,are的句子
肯定句变否认句：在主语后面加上donot或者doesnot,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形
肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意：动词用原形
肯定句变特殊疑问句〔就划线局部提问〕：分3步骤
第一步：先变一般疑问句
第二步：找适宜的特殊疑问词代替划线局部〔划线局部不能在特殊疑问句中出现〕
第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线局部。
1.肯定句、否认句和一般疑问句的互换
非单三时用do,单三时用does
非单三肯定句：IlikeEnglish.
一般疑问句：DoyoulikeEnglish?
否认句：IdonotlikeEnglish.
单三肯定句：HelikesEnglish.
一般疑问句：DoeshelikeEnglish?
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否认句：HedoesnotlikeEnglish.
2.就划线局部提问(变特殊疑问句)
IlikeEnglish.
第一步：先变一般疑问句DoyoulikeEnglish?
第二步：找适宜的特殊疑问词代替划线局部Doyoulikewhat?
第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线局部。
Whatdoyoulike?
常用特殊疑问词及词组：
when什么时间〔问时间〕whatdate什么日期问具体日期
who谁〔问人〕whatplace什么地点问具体地址
whose谁的问主人how…怎么样问情况
where在哪里问地点howold多大问年龄
which哪一个问选择howmany多少问数量
why为什么问原因howmuch多少问价钱
what什么问东西howabout…怎么样问意见
whattime什么时间问时间howfar多远问路程
whatcolour什么颜色问颜色howlong多长问时间
whatabout…怎么样问意见Howsoon多快，多久问时间
whatday星期几问星期Howoften多久问频率
三．句子的种类
类别用法标点例句
陈述句
肯定
表达一件事情或
说明说话人的看法.
Thisisabag.
That'smybook.
否认
Icanseeabagoverthere.
Idon'tknow.
疑问句一般用于提出问题?Areyouastudent?
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Doyoulikepuppets?
CanyouspeakEnglish?
特殊用于提出问题?
What'syourname?
Where'smybag?
Howmanytreesarethere?
用于提出问题?
选择Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?
反意
用于提出问题?
It'safineday,isn'tit?
祈使句表示命令或请求、建议.或！
Putithere!
Lookatthenoticeboard.
感慨句
表示惊讶赞美愤怒
等强烈情感
！
Howsmart!
Gladtoseeyou!
Whatanicepencilcase!
特殊：
变为any
Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearen'tanybirdsinthetree.
但是，假设在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。
Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?
与此相关的一些不定代词如something,somebody等也要进展相应变化。
变为or
Ihaveaknifeandaruler.→Idon'thaveaknifeoraruler.
(=lotsof)变为many或much
Theyhavealotoffriends.〔可数名词〕→Theydon'thavemanyfriends.
Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.〔不可数名词〕
→Thereisn'tmuchorangeinthebottle.
y变为yet
Ihavebeentherealready.→Ihaven'tbeenthereyet.
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熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。
1、数词
表示年龄：ishe?
表示时间：It’’sthetime?
表示加法：’ssixandtwo?
表示价格：histheshirt?
表示多少：ybrothersdoyouhave?
2、姓名和人
表示人名：’syourname?
表示人：hewoman?
3、长度和距离
表示距离：It’isitfromhere?
表示长度：It’gisit?
4、颜色，东西
表示颜色：loraretheshoes?
表示物：ethey?
表示颜色：lorarethesesheep?
5、名词所有格和人
表示名词所有格：She’sLucy’isterisshe?
表示人：She’sLucy’he?
练一练1(用特殊疑问词填空)：
1、A:_______istheboyinblue?B:He’sMike.
2、A:_______walletisit?B:It’smine.
3、A:_______isthediary?B:It’sunderthechair.
4、A:_______istheChirstmasDay?B:It’sonthe25thofDecember.
5、A:_______aretheearphones?B:Theyare25yuan.
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6、A:_______isthehairdryer?B:It’sblue.
7、A:_______isittoday?B:It’sSunday.
8、A:_______wasityesterday?B:Itwasthe13thofOctober.
9、A:_______thisredone?B:It’sbeautiful.
10、A:_______isitfromhere?B:It’sabouttwokilometresaway.
11、A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?
B:_______?A:Iwanttomakeakite.
12、A:_______oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?B:Theblueone.
13、A:_______isyourcousin?B:He’s15yearsold.
14、A:_______doyouhavedinner?B:At6o’clock
练一练2：
1、It’sabook.(改一般疑问句)
2、Myfatherisinthestudy.(对划线局部提问)
3、DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?(做肯定答复)
4、Thispictureisverybeautiful.〔改为以what引导的感慨句〕
5、Kicktheballtome!(改为否认句)
6、Ihaveabigpresent.〔对划线局部提问〕
7、Therearesomeorangetreesonthefarm.(改为单数句子)
练一练3：
1._______________isthis?It’sarubber.
2.____________rubbersarethereinthepencilbox?
3.____________isyourbrother?He’snine.
4.________arethey?Theyarecows.
5._______areyou?I’mfine.
6._______doyoufeel?Wearehappy.
7.________isyourfather?Heisadentist.
8.________doeshegotoschool?Hegoestoschoolbybus.
9.________aretheducks?Theyareontheriver.
10.______ishisname?HeisMartin.
11._______________newbookshaveyougot?Five.
12._______________isthetree?It’sgreen.
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13._______coatsarethese?Mary’s.
14._______isonthedesk?Thereisaglass.
15.______________isthisbook?It’sveryinteresting.
练一练4〔对画线局部提问〕：
1．Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.
____________________________________________________
2．Sheisanurse.
____________________________________________________
3．Sheismyteacher.
____________________________________________________
4．Heboughttheredone.
____________________________________________________
5．Itismycoat.
____________________________________________________
6．Iamlookingformysister.
____________________________________________________
7．Igetupatsix.
____________________________________________________
8．IamfromHubei.
____________________________________________________
9．IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.
____________________________________________________
ndy.
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tingonwellwithit.
_____________________________________________________
sred.
______________________________________________________
kisLiHua’s.
______________________________________________________
athbest.
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efiveyuan.
______________________________________________________
ttwiceaweek.
______________________________________________________
bebackinfourdays.
______________________________________________________
’tcometoclassyesterdaybecauseIwasill.
______________________________________________________
练一练5：选择题
()19.----Excuseme______isthenearestbookshop?
-----Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner?
()20.______isatickerforthefilmHackerHe?
Aboutfortyyuan.
en
()21.—______areyougoing?—I’mgoingtothelibrary.
()22.----It’sanicecar.______haveyoubeeninit?
---JusttoShanghai.
()23.______?It’seight.
’sfiveandthree
’syourtelephonenumber
()24.—______?—I’vegotaheadacheandacough.
’’swrongwithit
you
()25.______teadidyouhave?
Twocups.
()26.______shallwemeetinthepark?
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Whatabouthalfpasteight?
.,Which
()27.______ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings?
Twiceayear.
ytimes
()28.______?
Theonebehindthetree.
’’sthegirl
()29.______areyougoingtobeinthefuture?
Iwanttobeaperson_____-YangLiwei.
,,,,as
()30.______willyourfatherbeback?.
AHowlongBhowoftenCHowsoonDHowwide
练一练6〔就划线局部提问〕：
31．Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory．
heoftenlunch？
32．Theywillcomebackinamonth．
willtheycomeback？
33．HehurthisleglastSunday．
hehurthisleg？
34．Igotupatsixthismorning．
youupthismorning？
35．TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein．
theywhenIcamein？
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36．Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold．
yougotoschool？
37．You'dbettertaketheNo．3bus．
busIbettertake？
38．He'sfeelingwell．
hefeeling？
39．Thegirlinaredcoatismysister．
isyoursister？
40．HecomestoChinaonceayear．
hetoChina？
toseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(对括号局部提问)
_________________________________________________?
ergoestoworkbycar.(改为特殊疑问句)
__________________________________________________?
(15minutes)foraferrytocrosstheriver.(对括号局部提问)
__________________________________________________?
dial(110)tocallthepolice.(对括号局部提问)
_______________canyoudialtocallthepolice
hisbaginthedesk.(改为特殊疑问句)
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___________Ted_____inthedesk?
dents(wentcamping)lastweek.(对括号局部提问)
_________________________________________________?
escamefrom(Greece).(对括号局部提问)
__________Diogenes_____________?
tokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(对括号局部提问)
______________thewayto______________?
ed(onanunexploredplanet).(对括号局部提问)
_____________youland?
练一练7〔单项选择题〕：()you?,,you?
()meetyou!,meetyou,too!
()ougotoschool?
aboutyou?
()ougototheUSA?
lane.
()5.?Myhomeisnearthepostoffice.
syourhome?then!
()at2o’clock.
then!’seasy.
()7.?YoucangobytheNo.15bus.
’IgettoZhongshanPark?.
()sthehospital?’rewelcome.
()me,isthereacinemanearhere?,,it’’s
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nearthepostoffice.
()10.?It’snearthepostoffice.
,,it’sthelibrary?
()11.?It’snexttothehospital.
sthecinema,please?r?ight.
()Igettothehospital?
’ou.
()ou.
’rewelcome.
()Igettothemuseum?
’seastofthecinema.
()sthepostoffice?
’seastofthecinema.
()eyougoingtodothisevening?
A.I’,itis.
()r?
,,,itisn’t.
()otoschool?
()choolbike.
()foot?
()Itothepostoffice?
()
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()aytoyou!
()pitalistheleft.
()ookstore?