ucinet

ucinet

-

2023年3月5日发(作者：西昌房产)

ABriefGuidetoUsingNetDraw1

NetDrawisaprogramfordrawingsocialnetworks.

OverviewofFeatures

readinmultiplerelationsonthesamenodes,andswitch

betweenthem(orcombinethem)easily.

eadinvalueddata,youcansequentially“step”through

differentlevelsofdichotomization,effectivelyselectingonlystrongties,onlyweakties,

tion,youhavetheoptionoflettingthethicknessoflinescorrespondto

strengthofties.

grammakesitconvenienttoreadinmultiplenodeattributesfor

useinsettingcolorsandsizesofnodes(aswellasrims,labels,etc.).Inaddition,the

programmakesiteasytoturnonandoffgroupsofnodesdefinedbyavariable,suchas

ttributesarereadinusingtheVNA

dataformat(seebelow),ansthat

insteadofcodinglocationasnumericcodes1,2,3,etc,youcansimplywriteBoston,

NewYork,Tokyo…

edsetofanalyticalproceduresareincluded,suchastheidentificationof

isolates,components,k-cores,cut-pointsandbi-components(blocks).

wcanread2-modedata,suchastheDavis,GardnerandGardner

dataandautomaticallycreateabipartiterepresentationofit.

gramreadsUcinetdatasets(the##hand##dfiles),UcinetDLtext

files,Pajekfiles(net,cluandvec),andtheprogram’sownVNAtextfileformat,which

allowstheusertocombinenodeattributeswithtieinformation.

heVNAfileformat,theprogramcansaveanetworkalongwithits

spatialconfiguration,nodecolors,shapes,thenexttimeyouopenthefile,the

gramcanalsosavedataasPajeknet

andclufiles,andUcinetdatasets(bothnetworksandattributes).

kdiagramscanbesavedasbitmaps(.bmp),jpegs(.jpg),

windowsmetafiles(.wmf)andenhancedmetafiles(.emf).Inaddition,theprogram

exportstoPajekandMage.

1Downloadedfrom:/,February18,2011.

verygoodforcreatingpublication-quality

diagramsbecausetheresultsutilizethefullresolutionoftheprinter.(Whenyousavean

imagelikeabitmaptodiskandinsertintoadocumentandthenprintthat,theimage

resolutionisnobetterthanyourscreen’s.)

angeofoptionsisimplemented,includingtheabilityto

changesizesandcolorsofnodes,node-rims,labels,entnode

alsorotate,flip,shift,resizeandzoom

configurations.

ickindsoflayoutsareimplementedatpresent:acircleandanMDS/

includesoptionsfor

exaggeratingclustering,biasingtowardequal-lengthedges,andturningon/offnode-

repulsion.

GettingStarted

itinnetwork,

tisautomatic.

Hereisanexampleofdrawingafilecalledcampnet:

HOLLY

BRAZEY

CAROL

PAM

PAT

JENNIE

PAULINE

ANN

MICHAEL

BILL

LEE

DON

JOHN

HARRY

GERY

STEVE

BERT

RUSS

Nowsupposeyouhavesomeinformationabouteachpersonthatyouwouldliketouseto

(e.g.,

enteritinExcelandSaveAstextfile)inthefollowingformat:

*nodedata

idgenderrolebetweenness

HOLLYfemaleparticipant78.33333588

BRAZEYfemaleparticipant0

CAROLfemaleparticipant1.333333373

PAMfemaleparticipant32.5

PATfemaleparticipant39.5

JENNIEfemaleparticipant6.333333492

PAULINEfemaleparticipant12.5

ANNfemaleparticipant0.5

MICHAELmaleparticipant58.83333206

BILLmaleparticipant0

LEEmaleparticipant5

DONmaleparticipant16.33333397

JOHNmaleparticipant0

HARRYmaleparticipant2.333333254

GERYmaleinstructor54.66666794

STEVEmaleinstructor16.83333397

BERTmaleinstructor13.66666698

RUSSmaleinstructor47.33333206

ouldbeseparatedfromeachother

byacomma,spaceortab(andvaluesthatcontainspacesshouldbeenclosedinquotesas

in“BillSmith”).

Toreadthisfile,gotoFile|Open|VNA|llreadthe

fileandopentheNodeSelectorwindow,whichlookslikethis:

Usingthiswindowyoucanselectanattribute(IDisselectedbydefault),andthenuse

thatclickonandoffnodeswithspecificproperties,suchasfemalesorinstructors.

Nowsupposeyouwanttochangethecolorsofnodestoreflectanodeattribute,suchas

operties|Nodes|Colors|ByAttribute.A

dialogueboxwillopenwhichletsyouchoosetheattribute(gender)andthenchoosethe

logueboxlookslikethis:

Youmightalsowanttochangetheshapeofthenodestoreflecttherolethatpersonplays

inthegroup(asindicatedbytheRolevariable).Todothis,goto

Properties|Nodes|Shape|byattribute,whichopensadialogueboxverysimilartothecolor

box,exceptinsteadofcolors,ingsimilarcanbedonewiththe

sizeofnodes.

Aftersettingeachgendertothedesiredcolor,eachroletodesiredshape,andmakingthe

sizeofthenodesproportionaltotheirbetweennesscentrality,thenetworkdiagramlooks

likethis:

HOLLY

BRAZEY

CAROL

PAM

PAT

JENNIE

PAULINE

ANN

MICHAEL

BILL

LEE

DON

JOHN

HARRY

GERY

STEVE

BERT

RUSS

VNADataFormat

TheVNAdataformatallowstheusertostorenotonlynetworkdatabutalsoattributesof

thenodes,alongwithinformationabouthowtodisplaythem(color,size,etc.).Akey

rwords,insteadof

usingnumericcodes,thegendervariablecanhavevalueslike“male”and“female”.

Hereisashortexampleofavnafile:

*nodedata

IDnamegenderage

j101joemale56

w067wendyfemale23

b303billmale48

*tiedata

fromtofriendsadvice

j101w06713

w067j10101

j101b30312

w067b30306

nsistofsectionscalled“starsections”.Not

everyfilehastohaveeverypossiblestarsection,

moment,thereare3possiblestarsections(soontobe6).Theyare:

*nodedata

*nodeproperties

*tiedata

ndofthisdocumentisacompleteVNAfile.

NodeDataSection

Thean

example:

*nodedata

idgenderrolebetweenness

HOLLYfemaleparticipant78.33333588

BRAZEYfemaleparticipant0

CAROLfemaleparticipant1.333333373

PAMfemaleparticipant32.5

PATfemaleparticipant39.5

JENNIEfemaleparticipant6.333333492

PAULINEfemaleparticipant12.5

ANNfemaleparticipant0.5

MICHAELmaleparticipant58.83333206

BILLmaleparticipant0

LEEmaleparticipant5

DONmaleparticipant16.33333397

JOHNmaleparticipant0

HARRYmaleparticipant2.333333254

GERYmaleinstructor54.66666794

STEVEmaleinstructor16.83333397

BERTmaleinstructor13.66666698

RUSSmaleinstructor47.33333206

Thefirstline(“*nodedata”)identifiesthesectionascontainingnodedata.

Thelinefollowing“*nodedata”stvariableisassumed

enumericortext,aslongaseachnodehasadistinct

alue(foranyvariable)containsspacesorotherextraneouspunctuation,it

shouldbeenclosedinfullquotes,asin:

“JohnBarrymore”

Followingthelineofvariablenamesistheactualdatacorrespondingtothosevariables.

Allfollowinglinesareassumedtobenodedatauntilanewstarcommandisreadorthe

endofthefileisreached.

NodePropertiesSection

Thenodepropertiessectionisverysimilartothenodedatasection,exceptthatthe

variablesallrefertodisplaycharacteristicsofthenodes,suchassize,color,andshape.

Hereisanexample:

*Nodeproperties

IDxycolorshapesize

"HOLLY"1

"BRAZEY"84742255110

"CAROL"10

"PAM"10

"PAT"10

"JENNIE"10

"PAULINE"1

"ANN"133

"MICHAEL"791365255110

"BILL"78552255110

"LEE"8

"DON"994195255110

"JOHN"776894255110

"HARRY"945214255110

"GERY"6

"STEVE"338636255110

"BERT"282897255110

"RUSS"543814255110

Asbefore,thefirstline(“*nodeproperties”)identifiesthesectionascontainingnode

efollowing“*nodeproperties”rom

thefirstvariable,whichmustbeID,alltheothervariablescanbeinanyorder,andnone

heyarepresent,theymustbenamedexactlyas

le“X”le“Y”

istheverticalcoordinate(the0,0pointisthetopleftcornerofthedrawingarea).

Variable“Color”isthecolorofthenode(inhexadecimal).Variable“Shape”istheshape

ofthenode(circle,square,up-triangle,etc.).Variable“Size”isthesizeofthenodesin

y,(notshownintheexample),thevariable“Shortlabel”givesthelabelfor

eachnode(ifnotgiven,theprogramusestheIDcode).

Followingthelineofvariablenamesistheactualdatacorrespondingtothosevariables.

TieData

TheTieDatasectioncontainsdyadicdata–thepresence/absenceorstrengthoftie

anexample:

*Tiedata

fromtotalkstrength

HOLLYPAM11

HOLLYPAT13

HOLLYDON12

BRAZEYLEE11

BRAZEYSTEVE12

BRAZEYBERT13

CAROLPAM11

CAROLPAT12

CAROLPAULINE13

PAMJENNIE13

PAMPAULINE11

…

Thesecondlinecontainsthelistofdyadicvariables(relations),exceptthatthefirsttwo

variablesarenecessarilycalled“from”and“to”

thisexample,therearetworelations(called“talk”and“strength”).

inesuchas“HollyPam11”

ofzeroare

assumedtoindicatetheabsenceofatieonagivenrelation.

Puttingitalltogether

Notallpossiblesectionsneedtobeinagivenfile–anexample

ofafilewithallsections:

*Nodedata

ID,gender,role,betweenness

HOLLYfemaleparticipant78.33333588

BRAZEYfemaleparticipant0

CAROLfemaleparticipant1.333333373

PAMfemaleparticipant32.5

PATfemaleparticipant39.5

JENNIEfemaleparticipant6.333333492

PAULINEfemaleparticipant12.5

ANNfemaleparticipant0.5

MICHAELmaleparticipant58.83333206

BILLmaleparticipant0

LEEmaleparticipant5

DONmaleparticipant16.33333397

JOHNmaleparticipant0

HARRYmaleparticipant2.333333254

GERYmaleinstructor54.66666794

STEVEmaleinstructor16.83333397

BERTmaleinstructor13.66666698

RUSSmaleinstructor47.33333206

*Nodeproperties

IDxycolorshapesizeshortlabel

HOLLY116HOLLY

BRAZEY10BRAZEY

CAROL671612255110CAROL

PAM985127255110PAM

PAT8PAT

JENNIE729187255110JENNIE

PAULINE69590255110PAULINE

ANN877818255110ANN

MICHAEL0MICHAEL

BILL38BILL

LEE61744255110LEE

DON281656255110DON

JOHN6JOHN

HARRY382410255110HARRY

GERY1GERY

STEVE64394255110STEVE

BERT348812255110BERT

RUSS10RUSS

*Tiedata

fromtofriendsstrength

HOLLYPAM11

PATHOLLY12

PAULINEPAT12

JOHNRUSS13

HARRYHOLLY12

HARRYMICHAEL11

BERTRUSS13

RUSSGERY11

RUSSSTEVE13

RUSSBERT12

HOLLYBRAZEY07

HOLLYCAROL017

BRAZEYPAULINE07

BRAZEYANN06

BRAZEYMICHAEL015

PAMMICHAEL09

PAMBILL016

PAMLEE013

JENNIEBRAZEY08

PAULINEJENNIE05

PAULINEANN04

ANNPAT07

ANNMICHAEL09

BILLLEE010

DONANN012

DLDataFormat

TheDLprotocolisaflexiblelanguagefordescribingdataanditselfencompassesanumberof

ftheseformats–nodelist,edgelistandfullmatrix–aredescribedhere.

rovidedwiththeprogram.

NodelistFormat

eateatextfileusinganywordprocessor(make

suretoremembertosaveastext).Enterthedatainthefollowingformat:

dl

n=50

format=nodelist

data:

1782

31921496

26

…

The"DL""n=50"tellsprogramtoexpect

"format=nodelist"tellstheprogramtoexpectthenodelistformat

(asopposedtoedgelistandfullmatrix).Theword"data:"(don'tforgetthecolon)markstheend

ofinformationaboutthedataandthebeginningofthedataitself.

Thefirstlineofthedata("1782")saysthatperson1hastiestothreepeople,whoare7,8and

ondline,"3192149

6"saysthatperson3hastiestofourpeople,whoare19,21,49and6.

Importantnote:eachvalueisseparatedbyaspace(ortab).Eachvalueisa"sequential"ID

"sequential"'thavearbitraryID

numberslike"1001"ornon-numericIDslike"BOS007"or"Steve"unlessyouaddthewords

"Labelsembedded"sometimebeforethe"data:"statement,asfollows:

dl

n=50

labelsembedded

format=nodelist

data:

binladgeobustonblaikenski

bilstejeabarsteborjudclajandoe

kenskijandoe

…

Thesenamesorlabelsmustbelessthan20characterslongandshouldnotcontainspacesor

punctuation(asin"osamabinladen")unlesstheyareenclosedinfullquotes.

ngnodelistformatisprovidedwiththeprogram.

EdgelistFormat

Thisformatrequiresmoretypingbutisconvenientwhenenteringdataasoneencountersit,such

,createatextfileusingany

wordprocessor(makesuretoremembertosaveastext).Enterthedatainthefollowingformat:

dl

n=50

format=edgelist

data:

17

18

12

319

…

Notethat"nodelist"hasbeenreplacedby"edgelist",after"data:",

thedataareinpairs,stline("17")saysthatpersons1and7

eringofnodeswithinin

apair,andofpairswithinthefile,isimmaterial.

Aswiththenodelistformat,youcanalsousenon-sequential,non-numericIDsaslongasyouadd

thewords"Labelsembedded"sometimebeforethe"data:"statement,asfollows:

dl

n=50

labelsembedded

format=edgelist

data:

binladgeobus

binladtonblai

binladkenski

bilstejeabar

…

FullMatrixFormat

,createatextfileusing

anywordprocessororwithExcel(makingsuretoremembertosaveastext).Enterthedatain

thefollowingformat:

dl

n=5

format=fullmatrix

data:

00100

00011

10010

01100

01000

Here,theformatstatementreads"format=fullmatrix".Then,after"data:",thedataareintheform

=5,strowhasvalues

0,0,1,0,0,rast,thesecond

rowofthetableshowsthatperson2hastieswithperson4andperson5.

Notethatthisformatdoesnothaveidcodesatall:peopleareidentifiedbytheirpositioninthe

rthcolumncorrespondstothefourth

person,andsoon.

However,non-numericlabelscanbeaddedwith"labelsembedded"statementasfollows:

dl

n=5

labelsembedded

format=fullmatrix

data:

BillJanJimSueZoe

Bill00100

Jan00011

Jim10010

Sue01100

Zoe01000

udothat,therestiseasy.

TechnicalSupport

Feelfreetocontactme(steve@;+)forhelportoreportbugsorto

makesuggestionsforimprovements.