
语法填空专项训练
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语法填空专项训练---介词
介词是高考中的一个重要考点,在高考中都两空是专门考查介词的,占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填
入一个适当的词”的限定,所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词),主要考点:
1.时间
at,in,on时间点和时间段by不迟于,到……时为止after在……之后before在……之前
for一段时间during在……期间within在……期间,不超过since自从…
throughout贯穿……期间until/till直到from…to…从……到between在…之间
over在……期间,过完一段时间
2.方位
into进入outof从……出来(a)round围饶着或在……的各处along沿着
towards向或朝着to到或向from从up沿……而上
off从……离开或下来at朝着或向着for到…去down沿..而下
at在某一点或在(某物)旁in在某一范围内on在某物的表面上between在(两者)之间
above在……的上头或高出below在…下面或低于among在(多者)之中around在……周围
inside在……的里面outside在……的外面before在……之前behind在……的后面
over在……的上方或上面under在……的下面或下方;beside/by在……的旁边near在……的附近
beyond在……的那一边,远于,超过(某事物的范围)across在……的对面或那一边against靠着
across从一边到另一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过
over从某人或某物的上空经过through从某事物的里面经过。
3.原因becauseof,owingto,dueto,for,with,at
(at常放在情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后原因,相当于“听到或看到”)等。
4.方式、方法或手段
By乘、坐、骑(接交通工具),靠、通过in用(某种语言或材料,如墨水,抽象的文具inink,inpen,inpencil等)
with用(具体的工具),和……一起;伴随through通过(实践或书本)等
。
5.“除……外”except,besides,but,exceptfor等。
6.“数量”about(大约),around(大约),over(超过)等
“关于”on,about等;
“所属”“部分与整体关系”of
(增加/减少,相差,高出等的)程度by
以及as(当作,作为),like(像…一样)等。
7.能接复合宾语的介词with和without
8.短语中的介词。“动词+介词”短语,lookafter,carefor,congratulateon等;
“动词+副词+介词”短语catchupwith,getonwith,workhardat,dowellin等;
“动词+名词+介词”takeareof,takenoticeof等;
“名词+介词”,effecton,congratulationson等。
解题技巧:
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1.什么情况下可能是填介词?
我们首先必须知道两点:
(1)介词必须要接宾语,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词,或者what从句;
(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。
因此,我们在解答语法填空时,若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时,且他们不是在句中作主语,也不是在动词后作宾语
时,这个格空就很可能是填介词。
2.应该填哪个介词?
在判断可能填介词之后,要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词,特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当。另外,
以下几条思路对解题非常用:
(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。
[例1]Hewasverytired_______doingthisforawholeday...
分析:累了必定是在干了一整天活之后,故填after;另外,“因……而累”,betiredfrom也是固定短语,故也可
填from。
(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。
[例2]ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife._____theseproverbsthereare
ofteninterestingstories.
分析:因theseproverbs是名词,且不是作主语、宾语、表语等,前面很可能是填介词;句意是“在中国的这些成
语故事的背后常常趣的故事”,“在……背后”,用介词behind。
(3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)只能是with或without。
[例3]Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace__with____herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)
(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系,或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填。
[例4]…thevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingme______a
guestintheirhouse.
分析:句意是“把我们作为客人接待”,“当作,作为”用介词as。
一、单句填空:用适当填空。
teredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank___________achair.(安徽)
eallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleave___________thebackdoor.(北京)
manshowshisgreatness___________thewayhetreatslittlemen.(福建)
enoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_________herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)
’sspeech;itwasclearand_______________thepoint.(辽宁)
’slearntousetheproblemwearefacing_________astepping-stonetofuturesuccess.(宁夏)
equipmentandnosmokingaretwoofthethingsIlike____________workinghere.(全国Ⅱ)
tofeel_____________homeinthenewschoolwhenIsawsomefamiliarfaces.(山东)
ethhasalreadyachievedsuccess______________herwildestdreams.(陕西)
hingwasperfectforthepicnicexcept_______________theweather.(浙江)
uldgotoaseniorschool___________girlsofyourage.(北京)
gh_________myopinion,theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.(福建)
13.______thesilenceofthepauses,wecouldheareachother’sbreathingandcouldalmosthearourownheartbeats.(湖南)
istsareconvinced_________thepositiveeffectoflaughter______physicalandmentalhealth.(江西)
shavebeenwarning_________sometimeofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking.(江西)
agersuggestedanearlierdate______themeeting.(全国I)
oplechoosejobsforotherreasons_________moneythesedays.(全国II)
udentsoftenlistentomusic______classestorefreshthemselves.(四川)
n-aircelebrationhasbeenputoffbecause______thebadweather.(浙江)
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,’dbettercometomorrowbecauseit’s_________thevisitinghours.(福建)
’squite__________mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.(安徽)
22.---It’satopsecret.---Yes,eepthesecret________youandme.(上海)
havealwaysbeencurious______howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.(辽宁)
heearthquake,theinjuredwerecared______inthelocalhospitalsortakentothehospitalsintheneighboringcities.
(江西)
likeajobwhichpaysmore,but______theotherhandIenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.(浙江)
dmoreyoungpeoplearefond__________playingtennisnowadays.(上海)
ourkeywithaneighbor______caseyoulockyourselfoutoneday.(北京)
ersheredependonthefishingindustry,__________whichtherewon’tbemuchwork.(上海)
ycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,______whichNewYorkisanexample.(四川)
o’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_________whichappearedarare
rainbowsoon.(福建)
kwaswrittenin1946,______whentheeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.(山东)
ducatedatthelocalhighschool,______whichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.(江苏)
二、语篇模拟:用适当填空。
aforcreatingaday1___childrentohonortheirfathersbeganin
Spokane,2____thenameofSonoraSmartDoddthought3_____theideaforFather'sDaywhile
listeningtoaMother'sDaysermon4____1909.
Havingbeenraised5_____herfather,HenryJacksonSmart,afterhermotherdied,Sonorawantedherfathertoknowhow
specialhewas6_____erfatherthatmadealltheparentalsacrificesandwas,7____theeyesofhisdaughter,
acourageous,selfless,'sfatherwasborninJune,soshechosetoholdthefirstFather'sDaycelebration
8______Spokane,Washington9______the19thofJune,1910.
In1924PresidentCalvinCoolidgeannouncedthethirdSundayinJune10____Father'retheFather'sDay
flowers.
一、单句填空:用适当填空。
t
二、语篇模拟:用适当填空。
lookinto调查
lookfor寻找
lookup查找
lookout(for)留神或注意
lookin顺便看望,顺便访问
lookback回顾回想
lookafter照顾目送负责处理
lookforwardto盼望
lookat看着