英语虚拟语气的语法归纳（优秀4篇）
虚拟语气是英语语法考试中的重点，那么你掌握了吗？这次帅气的小编为您整理了英语虚拟语气的语法归纳（优秀4篇），希望能够给予您一些参考与帮助。
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 篇一（一）形式 注：
1、在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you.。.
2、主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和 might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。
3、与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were +to do或should +do。 例句1：If I were you，I would study hard.我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。（与现在事实相反） 例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester.我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。（与过去事实相反） 例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC.我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。（与将来事实相反）
（二）省略/倒装 如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me.5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。 注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是： If it hadn’t been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.
但是一旦句子发生了省略，就必须把hadn’t分开，否定词not还原，放在主语之后，不可写成Hadn’t it b
if引导条件状语从句的用法 篇二某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework,you can go home.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配
1.if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
If he runs he’ll get there in time.如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
2.if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can
If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing we can go out.如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
3.if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should
If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
4.if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时
If you heat ice it turns to water.（也可用will turn）如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
5.if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时
If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
6.if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时
If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
虚拟语气专项练习题解析 篇三1、 If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday， he _______ me from going.
A. had been； would have prevented
B. had been； would prevent
C. were； would prevent
D. were； would have prevented
解析：A．本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的`假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
2、 If I had worn my overcoat， I _______cold.
A. won’t have caught
B 。couldn’t have caught
C. won’t catch
D. wouldn’t catch
解析：B．本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选B.
3、—If he ______ ， he ______ that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned； would not take
B. had been warned； would not have taken
C. would be warned； had not taken
D. would have been warned； had not taken
解析：B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
4、 I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______， she would have met my brother.
A.has come
B. did come
C. came
D. had come
解析：D． 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。
5、 “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”
A. do
B. did
C. had
D. would
解析：选B。It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。
6、 If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
A. don’t know
B. hadn’t known
C. wasn’t knowing
D. wouldn’t know
解析：选A。虽然前有虚拟条件句， 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语，但 I don’t know 却宜用一般现在时，因为 I don’t know 表述的是现在的真实情况，句意为“我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知（指现在不知）我会做出什么蠢事来”。
7、 “I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh, I’d rather you _____.”
A. don’t
B. hadn’t
C. couldn’t
D. wouldn’t
解析：选B。I’d rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去。
8、 It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.
A. can’t get
B. won’t get
C. hadn’t got
D. wouldn’t get
解析：选A。we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。
9、 “Do you know his address?” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.”
A. knew, live
B. knew, lives
C. know, lives
D. know, lived
解析：选B。第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（即用过去式表示现在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。
10、 “Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?” “Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?”
A. begin
B. have begun
C. began
D. had begun
解析：选C。It’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。
11、 It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen
B. had not fallen
C. should fall
D. were to fall
解析：选 B。此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。
12、 He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored
B. scored
C. would score
D. would have scored
解析：选 D。这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D。
13、 If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
解析：选 C。if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C。
14、 Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold
B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold
D. can freeze coldly
解析：选 A。without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。
15、 Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.
A. had said
B. said
C. might say
D. might have said
解析：选 D。otherwise 在此相当于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
虚拟语气专项练习题解析 篇四1、 If I ____ where he lived， I ____ a note to him.
A. knew， would
B. had known， would have sent
C. know， would send
D. knew， would have sent
2、 If they ____ earlier than expected， they ____ here now.
A. had started， would be
B. started， might be
C. had started， would have been
D. will start， might have been
3、 I didn't know his telephone number. ____ it， I ____ then.
A. Had I known， would ring him up
B. Should I know， would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up
D. Had I known; would have rung him up
4、 Mary is ill today. If she _____， she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill， wouldn't be
B. had been ill， wouldn't have been
C. had been ill， should have been
D. hadn't been ill， could be
5、 Were I to do it， I ________ it some other way.
A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do
6、 I ________ him the answer ________ possible， but I was so busy then.
A. could tell， if it had been
B. must have told， were it
C. should have told， had it been
D. should have told， should it be
7、 Without your help， we________ so much.
A. won't achieve B. didn't achieve C. don't achieve D. wouldn't have achieved
8、 You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice， you ________ such a mistake.
A. Had you taken， wouldn't have made
B. If you had taken， would make
C. Were you lo take， shouldn't have made
D. Have you taken， won't have made
9、 We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.
A. did B. could have done C. have done D. should do
10、 She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.
A. went B. would go C. had gone D. were going
11、 Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.
A. could B. should C. would D. were able to
12、 My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.
A. could B. must C. should D. might
13、 He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he's refused to go there.
A. is given B. must give C. should give D. be given
14、 Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ________ Mr. Li to the party?
A. will invite B. have invited C. is invited D. invite
15、 I insisted that he ________ at once.
A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go
16、 Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn't stolen B. shouldn't steal C. doesn't steal D. steal
17、 It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
A. had made B. would make C. makes D. make
18、 He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. won't know
19、 Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.
A. may hear B. will hear C. hear D. have heard
20、 They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.
A. caught B. will catch C. might catch D. shall catch
21、 I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.
A. are B. shall be C. were D. should be
22、 That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.
A. could buy B. should buy C. should have bought D. bought
23、 It is high time we ________ home.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. went
24、 I'd rather that you ________ home.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone
25、 If only I _________ to the lecture!
A. listen B. will listen C. am listening D. had listened
26、 —— If he_____， he ______ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned， would not take
B. had been warned， would not have taken
C. would be warned， had not taken
D. would have been warned， had not taken
27、 I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she _________， she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
28、 Without electricity， human life ________ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
29、 He ________ you more help， even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give
30、 If city noises _______ from increasing， people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept， will have to
B. are not kept， have to
C. do not keep， will have to
D. do not keep， have to
31、 Mike's father， as well as his mother， insisted that he ________ home.
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
32、 Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.
A. had done B. have done C. did D. so
33、 Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.
A. has she known B. had she known C. if she know D. if she has known
34、 If you had enough money， what ________?
A. will you buy
B. would you buy
C. would you have bought
D. will you have bought
35、 If you ________ that film late last night， you wouldn't be so sleepy.
A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. wouldn't have seen D. hadn't seen
36、 Our monitor requested that ________.
A. all the clastudied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with great care the problem could be studied
D. all the clastudy the problem more carefully
37、 —— Would you have called her up had it been possible?
Yes, but I ________ busy doing my homework.
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
38、 His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.
A. had been B. was C. be D. should be
39、 It is important that we ________.