颗粒分析
各种乐器图片-离太阳最近的树
2023年2月21日发(作者：can协议)土颗粒分析数据处理
(以甲种密度计为例)
一、计算小于某粒径试样质量占总试样的百分数：
式中X——小于某粒径试样质量百分数（％），计算至0.1％；
md——试样干质量（g）；30g,当试样中易溶盐含量大于0.5％时，应洗盐
Cs——颗粒密度校正值；从表1查得
mT——悬液温度校正值；从表2查得
CD——分散剂校正值；
n——弯液面校正值；
R——甲种密度计读数。
表1甲种密度计颗粒密度校正值Cs
颗粒密度ρs
（g/cm3）
颗粒密度校正值
Cs
颗粒密度ρs
（g/cm3）
颗粒密度校正值
Cs
2.501.0382.700.989
2.521.0322.720.984
2.541.0272.740.981
2.561.0222.760.976
2.581.0172.780.973
2.601.0122.800.969
2.621.0072.820.964
2.641.0022.840.961
2.660.9972.860.958
2.680.9932.880.954
)(C
100
Ds
CnmR
m
X
T
d
表2甲种密度计温度校正值mT
悬液温度
(℃)
温度校正值
mT
悬液温度
(℃)
温度校正值
mT
10.0-2.020.00.0
10.5-1.920.5+0.1
11.0-1.921.0+0.3
11.5-1.821.5+0.5
12.0-1.822.0+0.6
12.5-1.722.5+0.8
13.0-1.623.0+0.9
13.5-1.523.5+1.1
14.0-1.424.0+1.3
14.5-1.324.5+1.5
15.0-1.225.0+1.7
15.5-1.125.5+1.9
16.0-1.026.0+2.1
16.5-0.926.5+2.2
17.0-0.827.0+2.5
17.5-0.727.5+2.6
18.0-0.528.0+2.9
18.5-0.428.5+3.1
19.0-0.329.0+3.3
19.5-0.129.5+3.5
30.0+3.7
弯液面校正值n
将密度计放于20℃纯水的量筒中，求出弯液面上、下缘读数之差，此值即为弯液面
校正值。见图1。
0.9994
0.9998
弯液面高度
图1
注意:此例中为乙型密度计n=0.9994-0.9998=-0.0004
分散剂校正值CD
1、仪器设备
①.搅拌器：搅拌杆应高出量筒。
②.分散剂：4％六偏磷酸钠。
2、校正步骤
①.注适量纯水于1L量筒中，再加入用量与试验时相同的4％六偏磷酸钠（NaPO3）6
溶液，然后用纯水稀释至刻度。
②.放搅拌器于量筒内上、上搅拌均匀；另取一个1L量筒注纯水至刻度，两者同时
放入恒温水槽中使至20℃恒温。
③.先将密度计放入纯水量筒中，测记密度计读数；取出密度计再放入加分散剂的量
筒中，测记密度计读数，两者读数之差即为分散剂校正值。
3、分散剂校正值计算：
CD=RD20-RH20
式中:CD——分散剂校正值；
RD20——加分散剂溶液密度计读数；
RH20——纯水中密度计读数。
二、计算土粒粒径:
t
L
k
.
L
d
T
t819)(
10184
w
w
s
式中d——土粒粒径(mm)，计算至0.001mm；
η——水的动力黏度（＝10－6kPa·s），查表3；
ρs——颗粒密度（g/cm3）；
Tw
——T℃时水的密度（g/cm3），查表3；
ρw——4℃时水的密度（g/cm3）；
L——某一时间内土粒沉降距离（cm）；根据密度计形状参数和密度计读数计算
t——沉降时间（s）。
表3T℃时，水的动力黏度和密度
温度
T
动力黏度
η
水的密度
ρw
温度
T
动力黏度
η
水的密度
ρw
温度
T
动力黏度
η
水的密度
ρw
℃×/cm3℃×/cm3℃×/cm3
5.01.5160.99999
2
15.01.1440.99912625.00.8990.997074
5.51.49398215.51.13005025.50.8890.996944
6.01.47096816.01.1150.99897026.00.879813
6.51.44995116.51.10188826.50.869679
7.01.42793017.01.08880227.00.860542
7.51.40790517.51.07471427.50.850403
8.01.38787618.01.06162328.00.841262
8.51.36784418.51.04853028.50.832119
9.01.34780919.01.03543329.00.8230.995974
9.51.32877019.51.02233429.50.814826
10.01.31072820.01.01023230.00.806676
10.51.29268220.50.99812830.50.797524
11.01.27463321.00.98602131.00.789369
11.51.25658021.50.9740.99791131.50.781213
12.01.23952522.00.96379932.00.773054
12.51.22346622.50.95268532.50.7650.994894
13.01.20640423.00.94156733.00.757731
13.51.19033923.50.93044833.50.749566
14.01.17527124.00.91932734.00.742399
14.51.16020024.50.90920134.50.734230
以
819)(
10184
.
k
T
w
w
s
公式可写成：
t
L
Kd
表4粒径计算系数K值
温度
℃
颗粒密度（g/cm3）
2.52.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.00
5.00.13620.13400.13190.12980.12790.12610.12430.12260.12100.11940.1180
5.50.13510.13290.13090.12880.12690.12510.12330.12170.12000.11850.1170
6.00.13420.13200.12990.12790.12600.12420.12250.12080.11920.11770.1162
6.50.13310.13100.12890.12690.12510.12330.12150.11990.11830.11670.1153
7.00.13220.13000.12800.12600.12420.12240.12070.11890.11740.11590.1145
7.50.13120.12900.12700.12510.12320.12140.11970.11810.11650.11500.1136
8.00.13030.12810.12610.12420.12240.12060.11890.11730.11580.11420.1128
8.50.12930.12720.12520.12330.12140.11970.11800.11640.11490.11340.1120
9.00.12840.12630.12430.12240.12060.11880.11720.11560.11410.11260.1112
9.50.12740.12540.12340.12150.11970.11800.11630.11470.11320.11180.1104
10.00.12660.12450.12260.12070.11890.11720.11560.11400.11250.11100.1096
10.50.12570.12370.12170.11980.11820.11650.11470.11320.11170.11020.1088
11.00.12480.12280.12090.11900.11730.11560.11400.11240.11090.10950.1081
11.50.12390.12190.12000.11820.11640.11470.11310.11160.11010.10870.1073
12.00.12310.12110.11920.11740.11560.11400.11240.11080.10940.10800.1066
12.50.12230.12060.11840.11660.11500.11330.11160.11010.10870.10730.1059
13.00.12150.11950.11760.11580.11410.11250.11090.10940.10800.10650.1052
13.50.12070.11870.11680.11510.11340.11180.11020.10870.10720.10580.1045
14.00.11990.11790.11610.11430.11260.11100.10940.10790.10650.10510.1038
14.50.11910.11720.11530.11350.11180.11020.10870.10720.10580.10450.1031
15.00.11830.11640.11460.11280.11120.10960.10800.10650.10520.10380.1025
15.50.11750.11560.11380.11210.11030.10870.10730.10580.10440.10310.1018
16.00.11680.11490.11310.11140.10970.10820.10660.10520.10380.10240.1012
16.50.11610.11420.11240.11070.10910.10750.10600.10450.10310.10180.1005
17.00.11530.11340.11170.11000.10840.10680.10530.10380.10250.10120.0999
17.50.11460.11270.11090.10920.10770.10620.10460.10320.10180.10050.0992
18.00.11390.11200.11030.10860.10700.10540.10400.10250.10120.09990.0986
续表4粒径计算系数K值
温度
℃
颗粒密度（g/cm3）
2.52.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.00
18.50.11320.11130.10960.10790.10640.10490.10330.10190.10060.09930.0980
19.00.11250.11060.10890.10720.10570.10410.10270.10130.10000.09860.0974
19.50.11180.11000.10830.10660.10500.10350.10210.10070.09930.09810.0968
20.00.11110.10930.10760.10590.10440.10290.10140.10000.09870.09740.0962
20.50.11040.10860.10690.10530.10390.10240.10080.09940.09810.09690.0956
21.00.10980.10800.10630.10470.10310.10160.10020.09880.09760.09630.0951
21.50.10910.10740.10570.10410.10260.10110.09560.09830.09700.09570.0945
22.00.10850.10670.10500.10340.10190.10040.09900.09770.09640.09510.0940
22.50.10780.10610.10440.10280.10130.09990.09840.09710.09580.09460.0934
23.00.10720.10550.10380.10220.10070.09930.09790.09650.09530.09400.0929
23.50.10660.10480.10320.10160.10020.09880.09730.09600.09470.09350.0923
24.00.10600.10430.10260.10110.09960.09820.09680.09540.09420.09300.0918
24.50.10540.10360.10200.10050.09900.09760.09620.09490.09360.09240.0913
25.00.10480.10310.10150.09990.09840.09700.09570.09440.09310.09190.0908
25.50.10420.10250.10090.09930.09790.09650.09510.09380.09260.09140.0902
26.00.10360.10190.10030.09880.09730.09590.09460.09330.09210.09090.0897
26.50.10300.10130.09970.09820.09680.09540.09400.09270.09150.09030.0892
27.00.10250.10080.09920.09770.09630.09490.09360.09230.09110.08990.0888
27.50.10180.10020.09860.09710.09570.09430.09300.09170.09050.08930.0882
28.00.10130.09970.09810.09660.09520.09380.09250.09120.09000.08890.0878
28.50.10080.09910.09760.09610.09480.09350.09200.09070.08950.08840.0873
29.00.10020.09860.09700.09560.09420.09280.09150.09030.08910.08790.0868
29.50.09970.09800.09650.09500.09390.09260.09100.08970.08860.08740.0863
30.00.09920.09750.09600.09460.09320.09180.09060.08930.08810.08700.0859
30.50.09860.09700.09550.09400.09270.09130.09000.08880.08760.08650.0854
三、颗粒分析记录格式
密度计法颗粒分析试验记录
试样编号：R-426
小于2mm试样占总试验样质量百分数:95.2％密度计号:001,L=21.645-0.283R
风干试样质量（m0）30.45g量筒号:005
风干含水率（w0）1.5％颗粒密度（ρs）2.70
干试样质量（md）30g颗粒密度校正值（Cs）0.989
易溶盐含量（DT）0.2％弯液面校正值（n）-0.5
试样处理说明：土样原始状态：
试
验
时
间
下沉
时间
t
min
悬液
温度
T
℃
密度计读数（RH）
土粒
沉降
距离
L
(cm)
粒径计
算系数
K
土粒
直径
d
(mm)
小于
某粒
径试
样质
量百
分数
(%)
小于
某粒
径占
试样
总质
量百
分数
(%)
密
度
计
读
数
R
温度
校正
值
mT
分
散
剂
校
正
值
CD
RM1=R
+mT
+n
-CD
RH=
RM1·Cs
13:00
:30
0.520.010.00.00.09.59.39618.990.10440.08331.329.8
13:01120.09.50.00.09.08.90119.130.10440.05929.728.3
13:05520.08.00.00.07.57.41819.550.10440.02724.723.5
13:303020.56.5+0.10.06.16.03319.940.10390.01120.119.1
15:0012021.55.0+0.50.05.04.94520.250.10260.00516.515.7
次日
13:00
144020.54.0+0.10.03.63.56020.640.10390.00211.911.3
复核年月日试验年月日