北师大二附中
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2023年2月14日发(作者：)2021届北师大二附中高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
OnedaywhenIwas5,dtoplay
grilyopeningthescreendoor(纱门)withmy
foot,Ikickeddnoregret,
forIwashappytobeplayinginthebackyardwithmytoys.
Today,IknowifmychildhaddonewhatIdid,Iwouldhaveblamedmychild,andtoldhimabouthow
expensivethisnewscreendoorwas,andIwouldhavedeliveredaspanking(打屁股)r,myparents
ftthecornerofthescreendoorpushedout,creatinganopening,inthedefenseagainst
unwantedinsects.
Foryears,everytimeIsawthatcornerofthescreen,itwouldconstantlymakemethinkaboutmymistake.
Foryears,rs,everytimeI
sawaflybuzzing(嗡嗡)inthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmy
wonderifmyfamilymemberswerethinkingthesamething,silentlyblamingmeeverytimea
flyinginsectenteredourhome,ntstaughtmeavaluablelesson,one
thataspankingorstern(严厉的)ilentpunishmentforwhatIhaddone
ll,ithashelpedmebecomeamorepatientpersonandnot
burstoutsoeasily.
eauthordamagedthedoor,hisparents_______.
edoorunrepaired
himforwhathehaddone
eriencemaycausetheauthor_______.
oagainsthisparents’abettercontrolofhimself
hisangerawayfromothers
themainideaofthistext?
sisthebestwaytosolveproblems.
sarethebestteachersoftheirchildren.
shouldignoretheirchildren’sbadbehavior.
punishmentmayhaveabettereffectoneducatingpeople.
B
\"Longtimenosee.\"irstreadthissentencefromanAmericanfriend\'s
e-mail,htitwasaperfectexampleofChinglish.
Obviously,itisaword-by-wordliteraltranslationoftheChinesegreetingwithwrongEnglishgrammarand
structure!Lateron,osurprisedtobelieveher.
rprise,thereareover60thousand
webpagescontaining\"Longtimenosee.\"Thoughitissortofinformal,itispartofthelanguagethatAmericans
stingly,ifyoutypethisphraseinMicrosoftWord,thesoftwarewilltellyouthatthegrammar
needstobecorrected.
oplebelievethatitcamefromCharlieChan\'s
1930s,HollywoodmoviemakerssuccessfullycreatedaworldwidefamousChinesedetectivenamed
\"CharlieChan\"iveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdombyquoting
Confucius.\"Longtimenosee.\"terCharlieChan,\"Longtimenosee.\"becameapopular
expressioninAmericathankstothepopularityofthesemovies.
dsofculturesaremixedinthepottogether,and
geisusuallythefirstthingtobeinfluencedinthemixed
pot.
YoucanhavesomeexamplesfromothercountriessuchaspizzafromItalian,sushifromJapanese,anddéjà
salonglist!SinceAmericansadmireChineseculturemoreandmorenowadays,I
way,theAmerican\'smeltingpot
keepsaddingrichnessandflavour.
dthewriterhimselffeelsurprisedat?
nglishexpression\"Longtimenosee.\"
literaltranslationsoftheexpressionsusedinAmerica.
C.\"Longtimenosee.\"isusedasastandardAmericanEnglishgreeting.
goutAmericansusetheexpressioneveryday.
theunderlinedwords\"meltingpot\"inParagraph4probablymean?
ius\'emixture.
anchangingcultures.
ingtothepassage,whatcanbeinferred?
ivestranslatedthephrase\"Longtimenosee.\"
escannotbechangedinthehugemeltingpot.
emeltingpotgreatlyaffectsallkindsoflanguages.
oodmade\"Longtimenosee.\"popular.
themainideaofthepassage?
ineseexpressionsareintroducedintoEnglish.
\'llnotbesurprisedatatofuandpeanutbutterhamburgerinarestaurantinAmerica.
ericanexpressionscanbeusedinChina.
anEnglishkeepsbeingenrichedbydifferentcultures.
C
Whenmyfriendsuggestedgoingtotheopshop(二手商店)，instantlyIthought“IhopenooneIknowsees
me”.ItwasthesamewhenmycousincommentedonmynewfurnitureandJapanese,fine-bone-chinabowlsand
refromthelocalopshopbutinsteadIsaid“fromtheantiqueshop”.
ManypeopleinmyGr
maypityme,considermepoor,a
houseandhavingenoughmoneytolivecomfortably,toeducateyourchildrenandseethemalsolivecomfortably,
areabigpartoftheimmigrantdream,Buthasthisdreammadeusmaterialisticatthecostofourownplanet?
Ourloveforpurchasingthelatesttrendyclothesorfurniture,thendonatingthemwhenwearetiredofthem
erwatchingthedocumentaryTheTrueCostIlearneddonated
clothesthatdon’tgetsoldaresenttodevelopingnations,manyofthemendingupinlandfills(垃圾填埋地).In
addition,oubuyasecond-handdress,that’sone
lessdressinalandfillandonelessnewdresstobemade.
enedmeuptopurchasingmoresecond-hand
isitedafriendandwasimpressedbyhowshedecoratedherapartment.“It’s
allsecond-hand,”n’thisalotofthingssoldattheopshopareinneworalmost
’swhenImadethedecisiontoonlybuysecond-handthings.
Sellingsecond-handthingsisn’ssomuch
excess(过量)feelingashamed,andlet’sgetshopping.
ndoffeelingisexpressedinParagraph1?
hy.
emanypeopleintheauthor’scommunitylike?
eprobablymaterialistic.
reabouttheenvironment.
inkhighlyofopshopping.
okdownuponimmigrants.
stheauthorencouragedtodoaftervisitingherfriend’sapartment?
hedocumentaryTheTrueCost.
moretolocalcharities.
hoppingtoomuch.
yingnewthings.
’sthepurposeofthetext?
ribe.
D
AccordingtoOxfordDictionaries,moralitymeans:“Principlesconcerningthedistinctionbetweenrightand
wrongorgoodandbadbehavior.”Thoughmoralityisarathersubjectivesubject,therearesomeprinciplesthat
areuniversalacrossallculturesfoundbyanOxfordUniversitystudy:“helpyourfamily,helpyourgroup,return
favors,bebrave,obeysuperiors,divideresourcesfairly,andrespectothers’property”.Thefactthatthesemorals
arefoundacross60culturesfromaroundtheworlddemonstratesthatmorality,thoughsubjective,isthe
esomereasonstobemoral:withoutmorality,asociallifeis
almostimpossibletomaintain;havingagoodreputationandhavingaclearconscienceispsychologicallyhealthy;
andmostphilosophiesregardunselfishandprincipledbehaviorasimportant.
Thereisnodoubtthatwithoutmorals,sedsituationwould
appear,AccordingtotheSocietyofMorality,“Wearesocialanimals,andtheactionswetake-thethingswedoand
thethingswedon’ult,we
needtobeabletogovernourbehaviorintheneartermsoasnottoinjureourselvesorourcommunityinthelong
stemofcontrollingouractionsandourthoughtsinordertooperateinacommunityiswhatweoften
refertoasmorality”.Therefore,weneedasetofmoralsinordertooperatewithinasocialcircleandasocial
immoralusuallyresultsinbeingexcludedfromsocialactivitiesorbeingavoidedbyasociety
sactingmoralhavingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychological
ingtoPsyPost,“Alotofeconomic
modelsofhumanbehaviorassumethatpeopleareonlyrational(理性的)whentheynarrowlypursuetheirown
self-interest,buthistoryshowsusthatpeoplearealsotremendouslyconcernedwithbeingandappearingmoral”.
So,thefearofone’omeonehasbeen
immoral,mostpeoplegooutoftheirwaytomakesurenoonefindsout,ortocorrectthebehaviorinordertonot
generallyfeelinabetterpsychologicalstateiftheyfeel
consciencecanresultinalackofsleep,anxiety,internalstress,andeven
illness.
Onthesideofphilosophy,thestudyofethics(伦理)ilosophersagreethatone
sthereismoralrelativism,
thereareuniversalanthropological(人类学的)morals,atureofour
societiesandcultures,prising,thisrationalbehaviorcomes
,
mainthingtotakeawayfromthisdiscussionisthatphilosophersgenerallybelievethateachindividualhasthe
righttorationallycomeupwithasetofethicstoliveby,andthatitishealthytodoso.
hordiscussesmorality(paragraph1)inorderto________.
ntherelationshipbetweenmoralityandculture
bethemoralrulesfoundallaroundtheworld
stthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrong
ucethedefinition,principlesandreasonsofmorality
einferredfromthepassagethat________.
moralallowsustofitintogroupbetter
tybringsthesystemofcontrollingbehavior
stthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrong
ucethedefinition,principlesandreasonsofmorality
fthefollowingisthepsychologicalbasisforactingmoral?
conscience.
conscience.
estheauthoradviseustodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?
hageneralagreementonmoralsbasedonethics.
eone’sownsenseofethicstooperateinthisworld.
sebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.
udephilosophers’beliefsandsolutionaswell.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Handwrittenthank-youlettersaresuchasimplewayofmakingotherpeoplefeelgood,itisstrangethatsofew
,slittleand
asureonreceivingthemisvery
high.___16___
DougConant,managerofCampbell’sSoupCompanysince2001,
thateverydayheworkswithanassistant,searchingthecompanyforpeopledeservingthanks.___17___Overthe
past10yearshehassent30,000thank-youletterstohisemployees—ardishuge:
hiscompanyhasremainedoneofthemostsuccessfulinitsfieldforyears.
___18___y,chiefexecutives(主管)runningcompaniesthinktheirownwork
ismorevaluablethanthatofothers.___19___Secondly,theyaren’tcloseenoughtothebusinesstoknowwho
y,theyhaveforgottenthestrangehumantruththatalmosteveryonewoulddoalmost
anythinginreturnforafewwordsofappreciation.
Inthesedaysofsuchbusyschedulesandpeoplerunningallovertheplaceandtryingtogetahead,sometimeswe
dtothinktoyourselfaboutatime
someonesentyouathank-youandhowmuchitmeanttoyou.___20___
writesthemathank-youletter.
thank-youletterssoimportant?
askwhatsideeffectsexactlymean.
kesthemanexcellentwaytorewardandmotivatestaff.
heselettersaresoinspiring,whydon’tmoremanagerswritethem?
rememberto“Dotootherswhateveryouwouldlikethemtodotoyou!”
ooneeverwritesthemthank-youletterstheydon’twriteanythemselves.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Alittlegirl,namedStarry,wasplayingoutsidehergrandmother\',Marina,kept
aneyeonthe___21___t4pm,Starrywalkedaroundthecornerofthebuildingtogether
bikeand___22___.
“Itookmyeyes___23___herforfiveminutes,andshewasgone,”saysMarina.“Iknewsomething
was___24___,”sheadds,___25___whenshesawthatStarry\'sbikewas___26___hereandfoundanoldcreditcard
herdaughterhadbeenplayingwith___27___called911.
Policemencamesoon,blockingoffstreetsand___28___rshandedoutaphotoof
theblond(金发)oplejoinedin.
TemarBoggs,15,waswithsomefriendshelpinghiselderlyneighborwhenonesearcher___29___themand
askedifthey\'dseenthegirl.____30____theboys,asapproachedwithaphoto
ofStarry.“I____31____thatIwasgoingtofindher,”
boysearchedwithoutaplan,____32____keepingasharpeyeoutasherodeon.
ThenTemar____33____acardrivingdownasidestreetandturningback,____34____thedriverwas
pulledan____35____U-turnatthetopofahill—agroup
ofpolicemenhadgatheredthere.
Thecarpassedtheboyasitcircledback____36____adeeyecontact(接触)withtheman
behindthewheel,____37____knew“itwasher,forsure.”
Theboy____38____fastafterthecar,butthedriverkeptmoving,slowlywindinghiswaythroughthe
neighborhood.____39____,thedriverpulledthecartothestreetsideafewhundredfeetaheadofhimand
____40____napper(绑架者)spedawaybut
wascaughtbythepolicethenextday.
man
ous
ly
ted
ing
ched
ingon
ed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
UptoJune23rd,2020,55BeiDousatellites___41.___(send)up，meaningthecompletionofChina\'s
self-developedBeiDouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS).BDSappearslater___42.___America\'s
GPS,Russia\'sGLONASSandEU\'sGalileo,fthefourth___43.___(globe)navigation
satellitesystems,BDSinvolveseffortsofover400agenciesand300,000researchpersonnelandtechnicians.
Originally___44.___(plan)inthe1980s,thenetworkrepresentsamilestoneinChina\'
comparabletoGPSintermsofthe___45.___(accurate)offersshortmessagecommunication
andthuscanprovideemergencycommunicationsinareas___46.___conventionalcommunicationsignalsare
poor.___47.___anefforttoimprovethequalityoftheirpositioningservices,AppleandSamsungphones,among
others,arealreadyusingBDS\'ssignals,andso___48.___(be)everyChinesebrand.
TheconstructionofcompleteBDSisahugetechnicalachievementforChinaandcan___49.___(easy)payoffin
ile,BDS\'sgreatcontributionto____50.____(promote)theworld\'seconomicandsocial
developmentaswellasthepeacefuluseofspacehasattractedtheworld\'sattention.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言
错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符
号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Istillremembermybestfriendintheelementaryschool,met,hewaseight
dnearmyhouse,soitwasconvenientforustomeeting
hedcartoonsonTV,er,wewentswimminginthe
riverwithourparents,,herfamilymovedto
anothercity,whatmademesad.I‘’llneverforgetthenicetimewespenttogether.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，红星中学的一名高三学生。你校因疫情延期开学，你的美国朋友George发邮件来表
示关心，并询问你的新学年规划。请你给他回邮件告知，内容包括：
1.感谢他的关心；
2.你的新学年规划；
3.询问他的新学年规划。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
DearGeorge,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Yours
LiHua
参考答案
1.B2.B3.D
4.C5.B6.D7.D
8.B9.A10.D11.C
12.D13.A14.C15.B
16.D17.A18.E19.G20.F
21.B22.C23.A24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.
D33.B34.C35.A36.C37.C38.D39.B40.A
ensent
d
cy
ing
51.(1).so→and
(2).interested→interesting
(3).happy→happily
(4).在same前加上the
(5).play→played
(6).meeting→meet
(7).homeworks→homework
(8).去掉of
(9).her→his
(10).what→which
52.略