
英语动词大全
-边繁体字
2023年2月15日发(作者:边塞诗大全100首)★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律
归纳如下:
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分
词三者都相同。(共9个)
cost—cost—costcut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—letput—put—put
read—read—readset—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。
(共41个)
1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4
个)
build—built—builtlend—lent—lent
send—sent—sentspend—spent—spent
3过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold
6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—saidpay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard
9改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—metget—got—got
sit—sat—satfind—found—found
hold—held—heldspit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shonewin—won—won
hang—hung—hung(悬挂)dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10改变辅音字母。(1个)
make—made—made
11改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分
词都不相同。(共35个)
1i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swumsink—sank—sunk
2词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,
过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blowndraw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grownknow—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式
将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,
若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t
后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)—beeneat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seenhide—hid—hidden
(hid)
7词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去
分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—donefly—flew—flown
go—went—gonelie—lay—lain(平躺)
show—showed—shownwear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1
个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3
个)
come—came—come
become—became—becomerun—ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有
过去分词。(4个)
can—couldmay—might
will—wouldshall—should
★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,
难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。幸好它们不
是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来
记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期
大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效
果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/
shut
(细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以
字母t结尾的。)
二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come
become/became/become
run/ran/run
(come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome
属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,
welcomed)
四、过去式,过去分词相同:
(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再
在词尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/
slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/
smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或
ought结尾
catch/caught/caught
teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought
buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5)将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood
understand/understood/understood
(6)将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/
paid
say/said/said
(7)将d改为t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/
sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/
built
(8)将i改为a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/
spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)将ell改为old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/
sold
(10)词尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/
meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/
spoilt
(11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种
是不规则的,一种是规则的:
learn/learnt/learnt
learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone
shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung
hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt
smell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burnt
burn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmE
gotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own
结尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/
flown
grow/grew/grown
know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed
draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成
过去分词
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n
结尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/
written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/
ridden
(4)原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose
/risen
eat/ate/eatengive/gave/
given
fall/fell/fallen
(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken
choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen
mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/
spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken
(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/
hidden
see/saw/seenwear/wore/worn
六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义
相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)
wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种
形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动
词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、发现find/found/found
found创建,成立found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1)come/came/come来——go/went/
gone去
(2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got
(AmEgotten)获得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke
/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒来
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起
——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,
(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold
/sold出售,卖
(6)take/took/taken带去——bring/
brought/brought带来
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/
learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
(8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/
found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat
/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get
/got/got获得、收到
(二)词义相近:
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won
/won赢得、获胜
(2)understand/understood/understood
懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、
变得
become/became/become变成,成为,变得
go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned
变成
(4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5)say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议
论
★记忆法三:
1.无变化,过去式与原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,
set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,
cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,
read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spread
burst→burst)
2.元音字母的变化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,
ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,
give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,
shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,
win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,
bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3.元音字母组合的变化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,
grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,
fly→flew
4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,
retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,
relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,
creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,
think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,
shall→should
5.辅音字母变化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,
lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt