2024年1月17日发(作者：)
高中英语系列讲座（三）
主语从句
I. 概述
1. 定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2. 构成：关联词+简单句
3. 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) that。That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
(2) whether。Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
(3) who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever以及where, when, how, why。
What she did is not yet known. How this happened is not clear to anyone.
Whoever comes is welcome. Wherever you are is my home—my only home.
II. 讲解
1. 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything.
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。
It’s a pity that we can’t go. It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.
C. It+be+过去分词 (said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice. It happened that I was out that day.
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.
F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?
G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
2．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义
Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=anyone who)
Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that)
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who)
III. 巩固练习
1. It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
A. if B. because C. when D. that
2. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where B. how C. when D. why
3. ______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
4. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make use do so.
A. when B. why C. whether D. that
5. ______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
A. That B. Which C. What D. As
6. ______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
7. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.
A. why B. where C. what . D how
9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where B. what C. that D. how
10. I think Father would like to know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
11. Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ______ makes me feel so proud.
A. what B. which C. that D. why
12. ______ puzzles the scientists how these creatures can survive in such severe conditions.
A. What B. As C. That D. It
13. ______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. The person
14. Inside the White House, there is a room called the Oval Office. That’s ______ the president works.
A. whey B. when C. what D. where
15. ______ you will be admitted to York University will be decided by the Admission Committee.
A. That B. Whether C. What D. If
16. The reason ______ I plan to go is ______ she will be disappointed if I don’t.
A. why; that B. that; because C. which; because D. why; for
17. We sell handmade gifts. ______ gift you order from us is unique for the special person!
A. Which B. That C. Whichever D. What
18. ______ your father wants to know is ______ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you B. That; how you are C. How; that you are D. What; how you are
19. The trouble is ______ we are short of tools.
A. what B. that C. how D. why that
20. America was ______ was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what B. where C. the place D. there where
21. ______ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
22. It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
23. When and why he came here ______ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known
24. ______ is no reason for dismissing her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late
25. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ______.
A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected
26. ______ we go swimming every day ______ us a lot of good.
A. If; do B. That; do C. If; does D. That; does
27. It ______ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that
28. It’s uncertain ______ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
29. ______ the boy didn’t take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
30. ______ we can’t get seems better than ______ we have.
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
31. ______ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
32 ______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
33. ______ is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
34. ______ we’ll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
35. ______ he won’t go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
讲座（三）主语从句
1-5 DCADC 6-10 DDBBC 11-15 ADCDB 16-20 ACDBA
36-40 BDCAC 21-25 CBACD 26-30 DDCAA 31-35 CBDAC
