2023年12月30日发(作者：)
专题3 阅读理解Ⅰ：主旨大意题
【构建知识体系】
考点1精确归纳标题
主旨大意题 考点2概括文章大意
考点3总结段落大意
2015-2017年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计
考点分布
年份 章节 素材话题
关于伦敦运河博物馆每月专题讲座安排的海报
作者离开寒冷的纽约去美国南部度假的感受
第一节
2015
介绍了在巴黎皮蓬杜艺术中心举办西班牙著名艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利艺术展的情况
法国咖啡馆在现代社会中彰显心理沟通的社会功能，产生了积极的意义。
第二节 重建人际关系中的信任的意义与措施
第一节 主要介绍了四位著名的女性的基本情况。
主要介绍了社会上很多老年人搬到离子女近的地方居住的一2016
种趋势，同时也建议老人们要做出适合自己的选择。
文章主要讲述了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。
主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背说明文
记叙文
说明文
1
9 4 1
说明文 信息匹配
议论文
记叙文
体裁
主旨大意 细节理解 推理判断 词义猜测
应用文
记叙文
0 9 5 1
说明文
景下的不同含义。
第二节 主要介绍了密码的设置方法和破解方法。
文章主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science
应用文
说明文 信息匹配
Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。
救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
文章讲述了为提高人们对于爵第一节
士乐的重视程度，联合国教科文组织 把4月30号定为了国际爵士乐日。然而这一行为还是没能挽救爵士乐。Jason
2017
Moran认为时代在进步，为了将老一代人和年轻一代人联接起来，爵士乐应该也随之进步。
文章主要介绍了一种自己可以亲手制作的简单易行的太阳能蒸馏器的方法和它的工作原理。这种蒸馏器所需的材料简单，适用于任何缺水的地方。
第二节 文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
记叙文 信息匹配
科普说明文
说明文
1 7 5 2
记叙文
2015-2017年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计
考点分布
年份 章节 素材话题
我的彩电给我带来的头疼事：花的钱比广告上的多，A 而且机子是过时的，质量也有问题，最后只能花钱修。
B 减肥除了少吃之外，还和房间有关系：房子要明亮；勇冷色系会减少食欲；放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；用校的碗碟
2015
C 越来越多即将上大学的学生选择“间隔年”。有人认为是好事，因为经过一年的锻炼，学生将会变得更加成熟、更有责任感。但也有人指出这种做法存在弊端，有些学生会因为负担不起大学学费而被迫利用这一年去打工。
D 从价格到参观的内容介绍了四个英国的旅游胜地。
主要介绍了几个广告的具A
2016
体内容，涉及音乐、喜剧表演和歌曲等活动的具体安排，如时间、地点等。
主要讲述了作者在上课的B 时候通过让学生们拼装玩具，从而发现并鼓励学生记叙文
应用文
1 9 3 2
广告应用类比
社会现象议论类
1 5 8 1
科普说明文
记叙文
体裁
主旨大意 细节理解 推理判断 词义猜测
们的创造性思维的故事。
主要介绍了网站C
建立的目的以及它是如何促进人们分享图书的。
主要介绍了Frank用图片使一次失败的南极航海活D 动重新进入人们的视野，让人们能够了解这次航海的许多信息。
介绍了4则有关戏剧A
的广告。分别介绍了四个用不同语言演绎莎士比亚戏剧的文化盛事。
作者用深情追忆了自己和B
2017
C
Paul Newman因为志趣相投、信念相守的深厚的友情。
本文比较详尽地介绍了新型交通工具——陆空两用汽车的独特性能和前景。
文章通过两位科学家的研D
究发现，植被也有奇特的自我保护和协作抗击害虫的方式。
2016-2017年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计
考点分布
年份 章节 素材话题 体裁
主旨大意 细节理解 推理判断 词义猜测
2016
A
本文通过广告的形式介绍了几家举行音乐演出应用文 1 10 2 2
科普说明文
说明文
记叙文
2 5 6 2
应用文
记叙文
说明文
的剧场的信息。
B 文章通过作家Welty一次与朋友在外面吃饭的经历，讲述了小说中的人物大多都是来自现实生活。
C 介绍了苹果节的一些情况。
D 讨论了新闻传播的规则，以及读者喜欢分享什么样的文章。
A 介绍了旧金山消防车旅游的四个旅游项目：旧金山酒庄之旅，五十年代怀旧之旅，万圣节幽灵之旅和假日花灯展之旅。
B The Plaza Theater，一座带着一座城市记忆的剧院，由于种种原因，要面临关门歇业。临关门前，老板选了一部合适的老电2017
C
影播放。伤心的观众眼含不舍的泪水。
生物链中任何一个环节出了问题都会对生态造成灾难性的破坏。黄石公园由于人类活动导致灰狼几近消失，幸亏当地政府采取措施引进灰狼，亡羊补牢，逐渐恢复了生态平衡。
D 主要介绍了为老年人研制说明文
科普说明文
2 9 3 1
记叙文
应用文
议论文
说明文
记叙文
的一款电动汽车。
【考纲解读】
考试大纲
要求考生阅读4篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]
C
Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to
celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its
significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow
older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for
jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve
its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National
Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and
younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually
考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要词义猜测、高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。
篇章结构等题型。
要求 考纲解读
主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑
color, and it’s actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music
has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to
continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party,
“Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert
music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how talk about ourselves and how something
as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts?
Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue
those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Exploring the Future of Jazz.
B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz.
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician.
D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.
【2017课标全国I卷】
[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]
C
Terrafugia Inc .said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the
company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle-named the
Transition – has two seats wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The
Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per
hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour
in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go
on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the
public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many
driveways. It’s expected to cost $279, it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The
car needs a runway.
Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann,
an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the
flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials
to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to
make sure it meets federal safety standards.
Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years
ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those
for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and
complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition,a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.
C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s Fist Flight
’Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality
31.主旨大意题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的设想至今成为现实展开论述。根据“Terrafugia Inc .said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first
flight”飞车试飞成功，“But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the
flying car a reality”Mann认为Terrafugia研制出的飞车比任何人都更接近现实。故选D。
[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]
C
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.
Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone
wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental
United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had
practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests
of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations — major
food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation
(植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations
also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’ s red foxes, and completely
drove away the park’ s beavers.
As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to
Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems.
Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or
pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today,
the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at , deer, and coyote
populations are down, while beavers and red fores have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project
has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other
parts of the country as well.
is the text mainly about?
A. Wildlife research in the United States.
B. Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C. The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
28. D主旨大意题。文章开门见山提出黄石公园引进灰狼的举措，然后在下文中详细介绍其原因以及带来的良好的转机，由此判断本文的中心话题是美国黄石公园对灰狼的引进。
D
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile
laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and
to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and
well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for
older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed
adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or
in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom
to get out and about without having to rely on others.”
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results
in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their
driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”
Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping
us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use
technology to address these problems.
“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but
surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were
more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits
of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older
drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
35. What is the best title for the text?
A.A new Model Electric Car
B.A Solution to Traffic Problem
C. Driving Service for elders
D. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
【高考预测】
纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2018年全国高考试题还会
①Ⅰ卷在选材上继续保持知识性和趣味性，语篇长度适中，题材与体裁广泛，彰显文化特色，重点考查考生快速获取、处理、分析信息的能力。细节理解题占总量的60%左右，难度与上年持平，预计难度系数0.7。
②Ⅱ卷文章体裁继续延续记叙文和说明文占主体的局面，另有一篇议论文和一篇广告类说明文。题型以细节理解题为主，推理判断题略有所增加，词义猜测题1题左右。
【精讲研法】——课堂讲解突破核心考点
考点一 精确归纳标题
【例1】【河北省五个一联盟2018届高三上学期第二次模拟】B
Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the
goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes,
and disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I
always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause
accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was
something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something
that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass
coffee table.
I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important
to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and
regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”. When
my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told
him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the
fact that he’s 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t miss an opportunity to see him.
I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be occasions when I have to say if only about something, but my life
is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality.
And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour
or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I, m doing the right thing.
tm buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.
7. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Advice from My Father
B. Avoidance of Saying “If Only”
C. The “Extra Minute” Rule
D. The Importance of Emotional Well-being
【答案】 7. B
规律方法1： 如何精确归纳标题？
1、利用主题段来概括标题
主题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题，知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语——文章的标题。
2、利用主题句来概括标题
解题的关键是要抓住每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主题句，并对主题句进行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。
做此类题时，要避免以下三种错误：
(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而缩小了范围)；
(2)过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；
(3)以事实、细节替代文章大意。
【变式精练】
【广东省五校2018届高三12月联考】C
Many people wrongly think that cities don’t have farms and that fruits and vegetables are
only grown in the country. Believe it or not, there are more and more urban farms popping up in
cities all over the world.
Alexandra Sullivan, a food system researcher in New York City, studies urban agriculture.
Urban agriculture is another name for farming and gardening in a city environment. Ms. Sullivan
studies everything from tiny gardens in empty lots between buildings to bigger fields that have
been planted and grown. According to Ms. Sullivan, “Urban agriculture has existed since cities
have, across the world.”
The number of humans living in urban areas, or cities, is increasing. The amount of people
who want to garden in urban areas is also rising. Ms. Sullivan says, “In small gardens, on rooftops
and indoors, they grow fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs, and raise animals to produce milk,
eggs, honey, and meat. They use these foods as supplements to food produced by rural
agriculture.”Even though some people who live in urban areas grow crops, urban residents still
need to rely on food grown in rural areas. This is because a city doesn’t have enough space to
grow enough food for everyone living in it.
In New York City, urban farmers have come up with many different ways to grow their own produce,
even though there isn’t a lot of room. For example, Brooklyn Grange is a farming operation that
has two rooftop vegetable farms in New York City. All together, the farms are made up of 2.5 acres
of rooftop space. This makes Brooklyn Grange one of the largest rooftop farming operations in
the world.
Brooklyn Grange grows all kinds of things. The farming company sells its vegetables to local
residents and restaurants. And because the farms are on rooftops, they are specially adapted to
their urban location. They use available space that is not needed for anything else. As more urban
farmers find ways to grow food in cities, urban residents will be better able to get fresher
materials for their meals.
11. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Farms in Cities B. Future Food System
C. Food Grown in Cities D. Agriculture of New York City
【答案】 11. A
11. 标题判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述城市里的都市农场，城市居民利用有限的空间，充分利用屋顶，花园和室内种植蔬菜、水果、谷物和药草，并饲养动物。随着更多都市农场的出现，城市居民也可以得到更新鲜的食材。故选A。
考点二 概括文章大意
【例2】【河南省豫北豫南名校2018届高三上学期第二次联考】C
The traditional British pub is part of the scenery of British life. At a recent count, there
are around 50000 of them in the UK, some of which date back to as far as the 5th and 6th centuries.
The oldest---Ye Olde Fighting Cocks in St. Albans---was established in 795.
Because of their abundance, the names pubs take were designed to be memorable---but more than
that, they were designed to be visual. Outside any traditional pub worthy of its title, you’ll
find a hanging signboard with a unique illustration(插图)that represents the name of the business.
The practice is so well established that even new pubs copy it. But why do they exist at all?
The first British pub signs were created in the 12th century and were simple representations
of beer containers and other brewing-related equipment used to inform passersby that
establishments sold beer. This was Britain in the dark ages, when education was in short supply.
Since most of the population were unable to read, pub signs were used to inform would-be customers
that they could find a drink inside.
The earliest uses of pub names would reference the sign directly. People would arrange to
meet “at the sign of the Eagle and Child” rather than “at the Eagle and Child.”
Today the tradition remains unchanged largely out of respect for the past, but many pub signs
do have some functionality. Remote country pubs often use signboards to point the way to their
doors from more trafficked(可贩卖的)paths. It’s a part of British culture that’s rapidly
disappearing---more than 20,000 pubs have closed since 1980—but for now there are still more
than enough around that you can take a moment to appreciate the history and symbolism behind a
pub’s sign the next time you see one.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The history of British pubs
B. The importance of British pub signs
C. Why British pubs have illustrated signs
D. Why British pubs are unpopular nowadays
11. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容得知本文讲述了英国酒吧标牌带插图的原因。故选C。
【解题剖析】
C【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意中的（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找
【答案定位】根据第二段中的you’ll find a hanging signboard with a unique illustration(插图)that
represents the name of the business. 第三段中的The first British pub signs were created in 最后一段中的but many pub signs do have some functionality.可知，本文讲述了英国酒吧标牌带插图的原因。
【推理关系】题干What is the text mainly about?.☞文章内容①you’ll find a hanging signboard②The first British pub signs were created.③but many pub signs do have some functionality.☞概括总结☞英国酒吧标牌带插图的原因☞标题
【答案】根据①②③总结概括文章☞C选项Why British pubs have illustrated signs
规律方法2：如何概括文章大意?
1、做概括文章大意题时，有效的方法就是辨认主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，文章的中心思想往往是每段主题句的综合。若文章无主题句，这就需要我们依据文中的事实、细节、观点去进行分析、推断和归纳，从而概括出文章大意。
2、在选择答案时，根据自己总结的大意，就可以用排除法将干扰项逐个排除。
【变式精练】【湖北八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】C
Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat
island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with
black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus
a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects
light, keeping you cool.
The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F
hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly.
As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To
protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.
As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps
streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（沥青）. It will help Angelinos
save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save
lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by
turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma（哮喘）and
other breathing problems.
Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos
will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops — at least those not already
covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York,
are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by
planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.
“This is an urgent challenge, and it’s much bigger than one person,” said Mayor Garcetti
in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities
around the world live with every day.”
11. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. L.A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat.
B. L.A. calls on people to fight against global warming.
C. More and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets.
D. L.A. is painting its streets white to keep the city cool.
【答案】 11. D
考点三 总结段落大意
【例3】【四川省成都外国语学校2018届高三12月月考】B
“Clothes S” has become an increasingly popular activity for women in the United States.
The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes s and get something different in return.
Recently about 300 women went to a clothes s a high school in Springfield, Virginia. It was
the largest crowd ever for the area’s popular clothing-s group.
Daphne Steinberg was having a good day. “For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor
is a really nice women’s designer and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love
that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.”
Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown
away. “Because it helps to keep the Earth green. There’s no point in my opinion in continuing
to buy new clothes when we can reuse what’s already here. Give it a new home— let somebody else
love what you used to love and no longer love.”
Kim Pratt organized the clothing-s event in Springfield. She also organized a money-raising
activity for the high school’s debate team. It is one of several ways that her group gives to
charitable causes. Another is by donating all of the “un-s” clothing to shelters for victims
of domestic violence.
“I started doing this four years ago, and we’ve been doing it for four years, getting bigger
and bigger each time we have a swap.”
She used the social media website to help publicize the events. The website has
helped her group grow from 30 members to 1300. says most of the members respect the
clothing s. But she say competition for desirable fashion can be strong.
“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover over the new people coming in with their clothing.
As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes
like a free-for-all. We try to avoid that as much as possible.”
7. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. How Kim Pratt started the clothing-s event.
B. What Kim Pratt did with the un-s clothes.
C. How Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes.
D. What Kim Pratt did to help people in need.
【答案】7. D
规律方法3：如何总结段落大意？
段落大意即某一段的中心思想，通常中心思想会在首句体现出来，这就是常说的段落主题句。主题句具有鲜明的概括性，句子结构简单，段落中其他句子均用来解释、支撑或扩展主题句所表达的主题思想。主题句通常位于段首，也可位于段尾、段中。有时作者没有写出明显的主题句，要学会根据段落内容去概括主题句。
【变式精练】【山东省曲阜市2018届高三上学期期中】B
Most people say that most people have not more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400
over the whole of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150
friends. If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different things in different
situations.
Also, there are no rules about friendship. There are no instructions about how to make friends,
how to keep friendships going, and how to finish friendships if we want to move on. People have
very different opinions about this: some people would die for their friends and they value them
more than family. Others say that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they
are no longer needed. If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.
Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our
friendships. We may want them to be deeper or closer, or we may want to have more friends in our
lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the lime to develop our friendships, or we fear we have
left it too late in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways,
to make new friends again.
This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are for most of us. We should not
think that it could be too late to build friendships. We also need to understand that the need
to be around other people is one that is shared by many. Therefore, we should not be too frightened
about starting to talk to people who in the future may become our friends: it is likely that they
too would like to get closer to us. Remember what people say: strangers are friends we have not
met yet.
5. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. There is a rule about making friends
B. People with different views can become friends
C. Some people would die for their friends if they need to
D. Friendships mean different things to different people
【答案】5. D
