2023年12月15日发(作者：)
小布什在清华大学的演讲
Vice President Hu, thank you for your words of welcome. I am grateful
for your hospitality, and honored by this reception at one of China's great
universities.
TsinghuaUniversity was founded, with the support of America, to
further the ties between our two nations. I know how important this place
is to the Vice President, who earned his degree here and even more
important, met his gracious wife Liu Yongqing here.
I also thank the students here for this opportunity to meet with you,
to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions.
The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world,
and I know what an achievement it is to be here. My wife Laura and I have
two daughters in college, one at Yale and the other at the University of
Texas. We are proud of our daughters just like I am sure your parents are
proud of you.
My visit to China comes on an important anniversary. Thirty years
ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed
to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion.
President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different
governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, and in a spirit
of mutual respect. As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai
said to President Nixon, ``Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in
the world twenty-five years of no communication.''
During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many
handshakes of friendship and commerce. And as we have had more contact
with each other, the citizens of our two countries have gradually learned
more about each other.
Once, America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring
civilization. Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble
traditions of family, scholarship, and honor. And we see a China that is
becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the world as
demonstrated by all the knowledge and potential right here in this room.
China is on a rising path, and America welcomes the emergence of a
strong, peaceful, and prosperous China.
As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese
people do not always see a clear picture of my country. This happens for
many reasons, some of them of our own making. Our movies and television
shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know. Our
successful businesses show the strength of American commerce, but the
community spirit and contributions of those businesses are not always as
visible as their monetary success. Some of the erroneous pictures of
America are painted by others. My friend, the Ambassador to China, tells
me that some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans ``bullying the weak and
repressing the poor.'' Another Chinese textbook, published just last year,
teaches that special agents of the FBI are used to ``repress the working
people.''
Neither of these is true and while the books may be leftovers from
a previous era, they are misleading and harmful. In fact, Americans feel
a special responsibility for the poor and the weak. Our government spends
billions of dollars to provide health care and food and housing for those
who cannot help themselves and even more important, many of our citizens
contribute their own money and time to help those in need. American
compassion stretches way beyond our borders. We are the number one
provider of humanitarian aid to people in need throughout the world. As
for the men and women of our FBI and law enforcement, they are themselves
working people who devote their lives to fighting crime and corruption.
My country certainly has its share of problems and faults; like most
nations we're on a long journey toward achieving our own ideals of equality
and justice. Yet there is a reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope
and opportunity, a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to
America.
We are a free nation, where men and women have the opportunity to
achieve their dreams. No matter your background or circumstance of birth,
in America you can get a good education, start a business, raise a family,
worship freely and help elect the leaders of your community and country.
You can support the policies of our government, or you are free to openly
disagree with them. Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead
to chaos, but it does not, because freedom means more than every man for
himself.
Libertygives our citizens many rights, yet expects them to exercise
important responsibilities. Our liberty is given direction and purpose
by moral character, shaped in strong families, strong communities, and
strong religious institutions and overseen by a strong and fair legal
system.
My country's greatest symbol to the world, the Statue of Liberty, was
designed with great care. As you look closely, you will see that she is
holding not one object, but two. In one hand is the familiar torch, the
light of liberty. In the other is a book of law.
We are a Nation of laws. Our courts are honest and independent. The
President can't tell the courts how to rule and neither can any other
member of the executive or legislative branch. Under our law, everyone
stands equal. No one is above the law, and no one is beneath it.
All political power in America is limited and temporary, and only
given by a free vote of the people. We have a Constitution, now two
centuries old, which limits and balances the powers of the three branches
of our government: judicial, legislative and executive.
Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped
in our families, just as they are in your country. American Moms and Dads
love their children and work hard and sacrifice for them, because we
believe life can always be better for the next generation. In our families,
we find love and learn responsibility and character.
And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving
others. An amazing number nearly half of all adults in America volunteer
time every week to make their communities better by mentoring children
visiting the sick caring for the elderly and helping with a thousand other
needs and causes. This is one of the great strengths of my country. People
take responsibility for helping others without being told, motivated by
their good hearts and often by their faith.
Americais a nation guided by faith. Someone once called us ``a nation
with the soul of a church.'' Ninety-five percent of Americans say they
believe in God, and I'm one of them.
When I met with President Jiang Zemin in Shanghai a few months ago,
I told him how faith has shaped my own life, and how faith contributes
to the life of my country. Faith points to a moral law beyond man's law
and calls us to duties higher than material gain. Freedom of religion is
not something to be feared but to be welcomed, because faith gives us a
moral core and teaches us to hold ourselves to high standards, to love
and serve others, and to live responsible lives.
If you travel across America, you will find people of many different
ethic backgrounds and many different faiths. We are a varied country. We
are home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be found
working in the offices of our biggest companies, serving in my own Cabinet,
and skating for America at the Olympics. Every immigrant, by taking an
oath of allegiance to our country, becomes just as much an American as
the President of the United States. America shows that a society can be
vast and varied, and yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and
love of its people.
All of these qualities of America were vividly displayed on a single
day, September 11th, when terrorists attacked America. American policemen
and firefighters, by the hundreds, ran into burning towers in the
desperate hope of saving other lives. Volunteers came from everywhere to
help with the rescue efforts. Americans donated blood, and gave money to
help the families of victims. People went to prayer services all over
America, and raised flags to show their pride and unity. None of this was
ordered by the government; it happened spontaneously, by the initiative
of a free people.
Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law, is not to be
feared. In a free society, diversity is not disorder. Debate is not strife.
And dissent is not revolution. A free society trusts its citizens to seek
greatness in themselves and their country.
It was my honor to visit China in 1975, and a lot has changed in your
country since then. China has made amazing progress in openness, and
enterprise, and economic freedom. And this progress previews China's
great potential.
Chinahas joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to
its obligations, they will bring changes in China's legal system. A modern
China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure
the rights of its people.
The new China your generation is building will need the profound
wisdom of your traditions. The lure of materialism challenges society in
our country and in many successful countries. Your ancient ethic of
personal and family responsibility will serve you well.
Behind China's economic success today are talented, energetic people.
In the near future, these same men and women will play a full and active
role in your government. This university is not simply turning out
specialists, it is preparing citizens. And citizens are not spectators
in the affairs of their country. They are participants in its future.
Change is coming. China is already having secret ballot and
competitive elections at the local level. Nearly twenty years ago, Deng
Xiaoping said that China would eventually expand democratic elections all
the way to the national level and I look forward to that day.
Tens of millions of Chinese today are relearning Buddhist, Taoist,
and local religious traditions, or practicing Christianity, Islam, and
other faiths. Regardless of where or how these believers worship, they
are no threat to public order; in fact, they make good citizens. For
centuries, this country had a tradition of religious tolerance. My prayer
is that all persecution will end, so that all in China are free to gather
and worship as they wish.
All of these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China
a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your
generation will help create. This is one of the most exciting times in
the history of your country a time when even the grandest hopes seem within
your reach.
My nation offers you our respect and our friendship. Six years from
now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country
for the Olympic games. And I am confident they will find a China that is
becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace
with the world.
胡主席，非常感谢您的欢迎致辞，非常感谢您在这里接待我和我的夫人劳拉。我也看到我的助理赖斯女士，她曾经是斯德莫大学的校长，因此她回到校园是最适合不过的了。非常感谢各位对我的热情的接待，很荣幸能够来到中国，甚至是世界最伟大的一座学府之一，这所大学恰好是在美国的支持下成立的，成立的目标是为了推动我们两国间的关系。我也知道清华这所大学对于副主席先生有着十分重要的意义，他不仅在这里获得了学位，而且是在这里与他优雅的夫人相识的。我想同时，也感谢在座的各位学生给我这个机会跟大家见面，谈一谈我自己的国家，并且回答大家的一些问题。
清华大学的治学标准和名声闻名于世，我也知道能考入这所大学本身是一个很大的成就，祝贺你们。
我和我的太太有两个女儿，像你们一样正在上大学，有一个女儿上的是德州大学，一个女儿上的是耶鲁大学，他们是双胞胎。我们对我们的两个女儿倍感骄傲，我想你们的父母对你们的成就也是同样的引以为荣的。我这次访华恰逢一个重要的周年纪念日，副主席刚才也谈到了，三十年前这一周，一个美国的总统来到了中国，他的访华之旅目的是为了结束长达数十年的隔阂，和长达数百年的相互猜疑，本着相互利益，本着相互尊重的精神站在一起。那天他们离开机场的时候，周恩来总理对尼克松总统说了这样一番话，他说，你与我的握手越过了世界上最为辽阔的海洋，这个海洋就是互不交往的25年。自从那时以来，美国和中国已经握过多次的友谊之手和商业之手。
随着我们两国间接触的日益频繁，我们两国的国民也逐渐地加深了对彼此的了解，这是非常非常重要的。曾经一度，美国人只知道中国是一个历史悠久的一个伟大的国家，有伟大的文明。今天，我们仍然看到中国奉行着重视家庭、
学业和荣誉的优良的传统，同时，我们所看到的中国正日益成为世界上一个最富活力和最富创造力的社会之一，这一点最佳的验证便是在座诸位所具备的知识和潜力。中国正走在一个发展的道路上，而美国欢迎一个强大、和平与繁荣的中国的出现。我同美国人在更进一步了解中国的同时，也担心中国人不一定总是能够很清楚地看到我的国家的真实面貌，这里面有多种原因，其中有一些是我们自己造成的。我们的电影，还有电视节目，往往并没有全面反映出美国。我们成功的企业显示了美国商业的力量。但是我们的精神、我们的社区精神，还有我们相互对彼此的贡献往往并不像我们金钱方面的成功那样的显而易见。
更为重要的是，我们许多的公民主动捐出自己的金钱，自己的时间来帮助有需求的人士。美国的同情心，同时也远远超越了我们自己的国界，在人道主义援助方面，我们居于世界首位，援助世界各地的人们。至于联邦调查局和执法界的工作人员，他们自己就是劳动人民的一员，他们献身于打击犯罪，打击腐败。
我们有一部宪法，已经有二百年的历史，它限制并且平衡三个部门之间的权利，这三个部门就是司法、立法和行政机构，我是行政机构的一员，指导我们的很多的价值观是在家庭中陶冶形成的，就像在中国一样，美国的妈妈们，爸爸们疼爱他们的孩子，为他们辛勤地劳动，作出牺牲，因为我们相信，下一代的生活总会更好，在我们的家庭中，我们可以找到关爱，可以学习如何负起责任，如何陶冶人格。很多美国人都抽出时间为其他人服务，成年中的一半人每周都拿出时间，使得他们的社区办得更好，他们辅导儿童，探访病人，照顾老人，并且帮助做许许多多数不胜数的事情。这就是我的国家的一大优点。我们主动承担起责任，帮助他们，他们的原动力就是善良的心，还有他们的信仰。
如果你去美国旅行的话，你会见到来自不同种族背景，有着不同信仰的人。我们是一个多元化、多姿多彩的国家，在那里有230万华人，他们在那里繁衍生息。在我们大公司的办公室里有华人工作，在美国政府中有华人工作，在奥林匹克比赛中代表美国参加滑冰比赛的也有华人。
诸位，重视个人和家庭责任的古老道德传统将使诸位受益匪浅。在中国如今经济成功的背后，有着有活力的人才。在不久的将来，这些人无论是男是女，将在这个政府中发挥积极和全面的作用。清华大学它不仅在培养专家，它也是在培育公民。公民在他们国家的事务中不是袖手旁观者，他们是建设未来的参与者。
所有的这些变化，将导致中国更加强大，更加有自信，这个中国将使世界瞩目，也使世界更加丰富。这个中国就是诸位这一代人所帮助创立的中国，现在在中国的历史上是一个非常令人振奋的时刻。此时此刻，就连最宏伟的梦想也似乎唾手可得。 我的国度，对中国提出尊敬和友谊，再过六年，来自美国和世界的运动员将到贵国来参加奥林匹克比赛，我坚信，他们能够见到的中国将是正在变成一个大国的中国，一个走在世界前沿的国家，一个与其人民无争，与世界和平相处的中国。
