学术英语阅读
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2023年3月17日发(作者：空间向量求二面角)..
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TEXT一
debate>>adiscussioninwhichreasonsareadvancedforandagainstsomeproposition
orproposal.
somewhat>>toasmalldegreeorextent.
eliminate>>completelygetridofsomethingthatisunnecessaryorunwanted.
valid>>(computing)thatisacceptedbythesystem.
access>>therighttoobtainormakeuseoftakeadvantageofsomething.
temporary>>notpermanent;notlasting.
inherent>>existingasanessentialconstituentorcharacteristic.
application>>apieceofcomputersoftwarethatisdesignedtodoaparticular
job.
available>>obtainableoraccessibleandreadyforuseorservice
utilize>>putintoservice
TEXT二.
snatch>>graborseizequickly.
trinity>>groupofthreethingsorpeople.
commodity>>aproductthatisboughtandsold.
devious>>roundaboutnotstraightforward.
trick>>somethingdoneinordertodeceivesomebody.
standstill>>stoporhalt.
menace>>someoneorsomethingthatisdangerous.
specimen>>somethingtakenasanexampleofitsgroup.
contaminate>>pollute
multiply>>increaseinnumberorquantity
TEXT三
category>>agroupofpeopleorthingsthatallhavethesameparticular
qualities.
premises>>thebuildingandlandthatashop,company,.
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generic>>aproductthatdoesnothaveatrademark.
infrastructure>>basicfacilitieswhichfunctionascommunicationandpower
suppliesandsoon.
telecommute>>wokeforacompanyathomeusingacomputerconnectedtothemain
office.
database>>alargeamountofdatestoredinacomputersystemsothatyoucanfind
anduseiteasily.
configure>>arrangesomething,especiallycomputerequipment,sothatitworkswith
otherequipment.
backup>>makeacopyofinformationonyourcomputer.
abstraction>>ageneralideaaboutatypeofathingoraperson
allocation>>theamountorshareofsomethingthatisgiventosomeoneorusedfor
aparticularpurpose
TEXT四.
interactivity>>thestateofhavinganeffectoneachother.
subscription>>anamountofmoneypaidregularlytoobtainservice.
offline>>notconnectedtotheInternet
downtime>>timewhenacomputerisnotworking.
architecture>>thestructureofacomputersystemandthewayitworks.
virtualization>>thecreationofavirtual(ratherthanactual)versionof
something,suchasanoperatingsystem,aserver,astoragedeviceornetwork
resources.
executable>>canbecarriedout
diagram>>asimpledrawingwhichconsistsmainlyoflinesandusedtoexplainhow
amachineworks.
equation>>amathematicalstatementsayingthattwoamountsorvaluesarethesame
paradigm>>amodelforsomethingthatexplainsitorshowshowitcanbe
TEXT五.
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biomedical>>relatingtotheactivitiesandapplicationsofsciencetoclinical
medicine.
shrinkage>>processorresultofbecominglessorsmaller.
superfluous>>morethanisneeded,desired,orrequired.
unemploy>>layoff.
craftsman>>acreatorofgreatskillinthemanualarts.
moan>>agroanoranutteranceexpressingpainordisapproval.
entertainer>>apersonwhotriestopleaseoramuse.
manufacture>>theactofmakingsomething(aproduct)fromrawmaterials.
dispossessed>>physicallyorspirituallyhomelessordeprivedofsecurity
deskill>>removeorreducetheneedforskillinajob,usuallybychangingto
machinery
TEXT六
strategy>>anelaborateandsystematicplanofaction.
flaw>>animperfectioninanobjectorweaknessinaperson’scharacter
diversify>>putmoneyintoseveraldifferenttypesofinvestmentinsteadofonly
oneortwo.
initial>>occurringatthebeginning.
ultimate>>happeningattheendofaprocessoractivity.
alter>>causetochange.
equilibrium>>abalancebetweenseveraldifferentinfluences.
enhance>>makesomethingbetterormoreattractive.
renege>>failtofulfillapromiseorobligation0.
appropriate>>suitableforaparticularpersonorplaceorcondition
TEXT七
modify>>causetochangemakedifferent.
immutable>>neverchanging.
exotic>>fromanotherplaceorpartoftheworld
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arena>>thepeopleandactivitiesinvolvedwithaparticular.
empirical>>derivedfromexperimentandobservationratherthantheory.
remnant>>asmallpartorportionthatremainsafterthemainpartnolonger
exists.
anticipate>>makeapredictionaboutexpect.
envision>>imagine;conceiveof;seeinone’smind.
prevailing>>prevalent,popular
prophetic>>foretellingeventsasifbysupernaturalintervention
TEXT八
dedicate>>giveallyourattentionandefforttooneparticularthing.
devour>>eatupgreedily.
assemble>>bringorcalltogetherintoagrouporwhole.
application>>aspecificusetowhichsomethingisput.
eventually>>attheveryendfinally.
complementary>>formingasatisfactoryorbalancedwhole.
speculation>>asupposition,theory,oropinionarrivedatthrough
speculating.
diminish>>decreaseinsize,extent,orrange.
immediate>>ofthenearthepresenttime
atomic>>oforrelatingtoanatomoratoms
TEXT九
devastation>>damageordestructionaffectingalargeareaoralotofpeople.
abundant>>presentingreatquantity.
simulate>>makeorproducesomethingthatisnotrealbuthastheappearanceof
feelingofbeingreal.
brutality>>thetraitofextremecruelty.
dramatically>>greatlyandsuddenly.
fossil>>theremain(oranimpression)ofaplantoranimalthatexistedinapast
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geologicalageandthathasbeenexcavatedfromthesoil.
concurrently>>existingorhappeningatthesametime.
depletion>>theactofdecreasingsomethingmarkedly.
voluntary>>acting,doneorgivenwillingly;notforcedofcompelled
predestination>>previousdeterminationasifbydestinyorfate
TEXT十.
pronounced>>marked,prominent,obvious.
ratify>>approveandsanctionformally.
elevated>>higherthannormal.
episode>>aneventorsetofeventsthatformspartofalongerseriesbutis
consideredseparately.
inevitable>>certaintihappenandunabletobeavoidedorprevented.
involuntarily>>donecontrarytoorwithoutchoice.
grind>>weardown,polish,orsharpenbyfriction.
irrefutable>>impossibletorefute.
inertia>>theforcethatkeepsanobjectinthesameposition,orkeepsitmoving
untilitismovedorstoppedbyanotherforce
herald>>makeknownthepresenceorarrivalof
TEXT十一.
habitat>>thetypeofenvironmentinwhichanorganismorgroupnormallylivesor
occurs.
principal>>themostimportantmain.
equivalent>>equalinamountorvalue.
thereby>>consequentlyasaresultof.
compound>>makeadifficultsituationworsebyaddingmoreproblems.
velocity>>thespeedofsomethingthatismovinginaparticulardirection.
elaborate>>verydetailedandcomplicated.
confinement>>thestateofbeingforcedtostayinaclosedspace.
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exceeding>>toanextremedegreeorextent
incidence>>therelativefrequencyofoccurrenceofsomething
TEXT十二
irrelevant>>havingnobearingonorconnectionwiththesubjectatissue.
leak>>anescapeofgasorliquidthroughaholeinsomething.
annually>>yearly.
seizure>>asuddenconditioninwhichsomeonecannotcontrolthemovementsoftheir
body,whichcontinuesforashorttime.
penetrate>>passintoorthrough.
conservatively>>deliberatelylowerthanwhattherealamountprobablyis.
precaution>>somethingthatisdoneinadvanceinordertopreventproblemsorto
avoiddanger
albeit>>eventhoughalthough.
fatal>>bringingdeath
inhale>>drawdeepintothelungsinbybreathing
TEXT十三
downplay>>understatethequalityofsomething.
dairy>>connectedwiththeproductionofmilk.
erratic>>irregularoruneveninmovement,qualityorbehaviorunreliable.
obesity>>aconditioninwhichsomeoneistoofatinawaythatisdangerousfor
theirhealth.
portion>>onepartofsomething.
seal>>secureagainstleakage.
mitigate>>makelessunpleasant,seriousorpainful.
oblivious>>notawareofwhatishappeningaround.
contamination>>thestateofbeingpolluted
minuscule>>extremelysmall
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TEXT十四
devastating>>badlydamagingordestroyingsomething.
susceptible>>weakandeasilyhurtphysicallyoremotionally.
vicinity>>theareanearorsurroundingaparticularplace.
nausea>>astomachdistresswithdistasteforfoodandanurgetovomit.
toxic>>poisonous.
inhibit>>preventsomethingfromgrowingordevelopingwell.
decay>>becomelesspowerfulandloseinfluence.
chronic>>imately>>roughly,notaccurate
emit>>produceanddischargesomethingespeciallygas
TEXT十五.
disturbing>>makingyoufeelworriedorupset.
incentive>>somethingthatencouragesomebodytodosomethingstimulus.
ailment>>illness,especiallyaslightone.
ethical>>ofmoralsormoralquestions.
vocal>>expressingstrongopinionspublicly,especiallyaboutthingthatyou
disagree.
attribution>>assigningsomequalityorcharactertoapersonorthing.
neutralize>>preventsomethingfromhavinganyeffect.
subject>>forcesomethingtoexperiencesomethingveryunpleasant,especiallyover
alongtime
underfed>>notgettingadequatefood
exceed>>gobeyondovercome
TEXT十六.
respectively>>consideredindividually.
investigation>>adetailedinquiryorsystematicexamination.
acknowledge>>admittheexistence,reality,ortruthofsomething.
hazard>>achanceofbeinginjuredorharmeddanger.
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assessment>>aprocessinwhichyoumakeajudgmentaboutapersonorsituation.
inherent>>existingasanessentialconstituentorcharacteristic.
internal>>insidesomethingratherthanoutside.
offspring>>ananimal’sbabyorbabies.
ingest>>takefoodorothersubstancesintoyourbody
consume>>eat
TEXT十七.
merit>>thequalityofbeinggoodanddeservingpraise.
standpoint>>awayofthinkingaboutpeople,situations,idea,etc..
notably>>noticeably.
equivocal>>ofadoubtfuloruncertainnature.
conversely>>inanopposite.
comprise>>becomposedof.
detect>>discover.
address>>dealwith.
stepwise>>markedbyagradualprogressionasifstepbystep
immune>>beabletoresistinfection,disease
TEXT十八
literature>>allthebooks,articles,ticularsubject.
publication>>acopyofaprintedworkofferedfordistribution.
exhaustion>>extremetiredness.
deduce>>concludebyreasoning.
propose>>offerorputforwardsomethingforconsideration.
bias>>opinionorfeelingthatstronglyfavorsoneside.
consistent>>neverchangelasting.
intensity>>thequalityofhavingastrongeffect.
contradictory>>unabletobebothtrueatthesametime
impairment>>damagethatresultsinareductionofstrengthorquality
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TEXT十九
hypothesis>>asuggestedexplanationthathasnotyetbeenprovedtobetrue.
validity>>thestateofbeingreal,true,orbasedonfacts.
pretentious>>tryingtoappeartobeimportantwhenitisnotinordertobe
impressive.
jargon>>wordsusedbyexpertstodiscusstheirsubject.
framework>>asetofideasfromwhichmorecomplicatedideasaredeveloped.
relevance>>connectedwiththesubjectbeingdiscussed.
anthropology>>thescientificstudyofpeopleandtheirsocieties.
federal>>concernedwiththecentralgovernmentofacountry.
verbal>>connectedwithwordsorusingwords
prose>>writtenlanguageinitsusualform,asopposedtopoetry