持续性动词
微课的制作方法-电商财务
2023年2月22日发(作者：柳州窑埠古镇)短暂性动词和延续性动词
可以从字面上理解，持续的动作就是延续动词，反之就是瞬间
动词（短暂动词），这个有这种感觉还是很好理解的，你看看下面的
浅谈吧
延续性动词:
live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach
,eat,drink,write,dance,sing,smoke
瞬间性动词:
open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start
enter,finish
1、终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。如：
begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go
,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语
连用，而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定
本身就是可以延续的。
如：haveacold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间
状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。
I′vehadacoldsincemyarrival（到达n.）.
Ididn′tgotoschoolbecauseIhadhadabadcoldfordays.
catchacold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语
连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用take,get代替。
Putonyourcoat,oryou′llcatch/take/getacold.
Takecarenottogetcold.
但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。
如：Brownhastakenaslightcold.
注意下列句子：
Ihavecaughtacoldforoveraweek.(×)
Ihavehadacoldforoveraweek.()
2、延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如：
be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用；这类动词如
用于进行时态，则可以和表示一个短暂具体的时刻连用。
Heworkedateightyesterdayafternoon.(×)
Hewasworkingateightyesterdayafternoon.()
3、代替终止性动词的方法
a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmost
fouryears.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
Ihavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafew
days.
3、用be替代become
Howlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?
4、用haveacold代替catchacold
Tomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.
5、用wear代替puton
b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词
1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall(get)ill
3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep
5、be＋awake代wake/wakeup6、be＋gone代
lose,die,sell,leave
7、be＋open代open8、beclosed代close/shut
9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词
1“be＋on”代start,begin
2“be＋up”代getup
3“be＋back(to)”代returnto,comebackto,gobackto
4“behere(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)here或go
(arrive,reach,get)there等等
d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“bein/at+地点”代替goto/cometo
2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy
3.“bein/at+地点”代替moveto
巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词）
１.LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago.
LiLeithePartythreeyearsago.
LiLeithePartythreeyears.
threeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.
ThreeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.
erleftGuchenglastweek.
MyfatherGuchenglast
week.
MyfatherGuchengaweek.
toryopenedin1996.
Thefactorytenyears.
Thefactorysince1996.
ndfatherdiedfiveyearsago.
Hisgrandfathersince.
Hisgrandfatherfiveyears.
fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.
Fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.
achedBeijingfivedaysago.
ijingfivedaysago.
ijingfivedays.
mbegantenminutesago.
Thefilmfor.
Thefilmsince
erboughtanewcartwoyearsago.
Myfather__________anewcar_____twoyears.
Myfather__________anewcar_____twoyearsago.
rowedthisbookfourdaysago.
Tom___________thisbook_____fourdays.
Tom___________thisbook_____fourdaysago.
nedtheLeaguelastyeas.
Jim__________aLeaguemember_____ayear.
Jim_______________theLeague_____lastyear.
metoChinatenyearsago.
They_______________China_____tenyears.
They_______________China_____tenyearsago.
ellasleephalfanhourago.
Myson_______________for_______________.
Myson_______________since____________________.
1hasbeeninsince
hasbeeninfor
It’ssincehaspassedsince
2hasbeenawayfromsince
hasbeenawayfromfor
3hasbeenopenforhasbeenopen
4hasbeendeadfiveyearsago
hasbeendeadfor
It’ssincehaspassedsince
5hasbeeninsince
hasbeeninfor
6hasbeenontenminutes
hasbeenontenminutesago
7hashadfor
Hashadsince
8haskeptfor
Haskeptsince
9hasbeenfor
Hasbeeninsince
10havebeeninfor
havebeeninsince
11hasbeenasleephalfanhour
hasbeenasleephalfanhourago