福州三牧中学
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2023年2月13日发(作者：)2020年福州市三牧中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
TheOriginsofFamousBrands
Ourghmanybrandnames
aresimpleacronyms(首字母缩略词)orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrustevery
dayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.
Starbucks
Itseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’s
pirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMoby
nders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventually
decidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthename
instead.
GooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,1997,whenthe
foundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidly
improvingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenew
domain(域)name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.
Nike
OriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlue
1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenameforthe
1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.
Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.
Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.
thenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?
cks.
Melville.
thefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?
stooktheirname.
ntednewcustomers.
pany’soriginalnamewastoolong.
pany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.
oestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?
hangethecompany’simage.
ddmythtothecompany.
ainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.
scustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.
B
TherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheAmazonRainforesthasnotalwaysbeenaharmoniousone.
However,recentresearchsuggeststhatthenativepeoplesofthePutumayoregionhelpedtoprotecttherainforest,
leavingitunchangedfor5,shumans’coexistingwithnatureispossibleafterall.
Thestudy,publishedinPNAS,lookedatsoilsamplesinthePutumayoregionoftheAmazoninPerutofind
earchersfoundthatthetreesstillgrowingintheregiontodayhavebeen
growingthereforthelast5,000years—evidencethattheareahasnotbeenhometocitiesandfarmlandinthat
ofcharcoal(木炭)foundinthe,soil,however,indicatethatpeopledidlivethere;theyjustdidsoina
waythathadminimuminfluenceontheirenvironment.
Tocometotheseconclusionstheteamduga0.6-0.9meterdeepcolumnintotheground,takingsamplesof
thelab,sampleswerecarbon-datedtodeterminetheirage
andthensortedunderamicroscopetolookformicroscopicmineralparticles,knownasphytoliths(植硅体).
Phytolithsareessentialevidenceofplants—
researcherscanusethemtotellwhichplantshavegrowninanareainthepast.
Over5,000years’worthofsamples,indingssuggestthatcontraryto
commonbelief,theAmazonisnotuntouchedbyhumans,butratherhasbeenprotectedbythemforthousandsof
agementoftherainforestbynativepeoplesappearstohavebeenvitalinpreservingitsbiodiversity
andwillcontinuetobeimportantinthefighttopreventitfromacollapse.
AsNigelPitman,aco-authoronthepaper,said:“Sincethisparticularforestisstillbeingprotectedbynative
peoples,Ihopethisstudyremindsusallhowimportantitistosupporttheirwork.”
nativepeoplesdealwiththerainforestintheregionofPutumayo?
waysdestroyedtherainforest.
dasideeffectontherainforest.
verlivedintheareaoftheforest.
dbeeninharmonywiththeforest.
dtheresearcherstrytofindintheAmazonforestinPeru?
ersityoftheplantsintherainforest.
denceofhumaninfluenceontheforest.
ritionofthesoilsamplesintherainforest.
vivalageofgrowingtreesintherainforest.
estheunderlinedword“collapse”meaninParagraph4?
agement.
velopment.
nbeinferredfromNigelPitman\'swords?
peoplesshouldprotecttherainforest.
ldhelpprotecttheAmazonRainforest.
ienceresearchshouldbedoneonrainforest.
DWeshouldmakegooduseoftheAmazonRainforest.
C
Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingfora
landline（座机）?
Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobile
callyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecalls
anywhere,anytime.
Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyon
theirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethat
it’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhilea
myhomefallsintothatcategory.
Morethaaturallyafactor
（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBaby
Boomerswho’’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodo
withthemakeupofyourhousehold.
GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephone
id,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoever
ringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscalling
beforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.
Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilk
deliveries?
esparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?
idepopularity.
omplexdesign.
estheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?
.
.
nwesayaboutBabyBoomers?
joyguessingcallers’identity.
eattachedtotheirfamily.
nbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?
insafamilynecessity.
falloutofusesomeday.
ncreasedailyexpenses.
importantasthegaslight.
D
America---thatglorioussymbolofmulticulturalism,thegreatmeltingpot---qualifiesaspartofthedeveloped
world,right?Notquite,ifweconsiderthestateofsecondlanguagelearninginschoolsacrossthecountry.
Accordingtoa2018study,ignlanguageeducationinschool.92%ofEuropean
icait’sonly20%.Inmorethan20Europeancountries,
arison,e
learningaforeignlanguageforgraduation.
IwenttoapublicschoolinPennsylvaniathatrankedonNewsweek’slistofAmerica’stophighschoolsin2015.
nresponsetosuchstoriesandstatisticsis:
Sowhat?WhyshouldAmericanscareaboutlearninganotherlanguagewhenEnglishhasrecentlyseemedto
dominateastheofficiallanguageoftheworld?
anhalfoftheworld’spopulationspeaksmore
theability
tospeakasecondlanguageopensupthepossibilityoftravellingandimmersingyourselfinanotherpartofthe
anspeoplecanfeelothercultures,andtraditionsinplacesyouwerepreviouslykeptawaybecause
youcouldnotcommunicateinthelanguage.
Theteachingofforeignlanguagescanbeinstrumentalinbringingaboutpeaceandunityinthecountrywe
ngkanother
languagemeanshavingaccesstoauniverseofdifferentexperiencesandworldviewsofanothercommunityof
people.
sthewritermentionEurope?
amakesstudyingaforeignlanguagecompulsory.
aistheglorioussymbolofmulticulturalism.
aisn’treallyqualifiedasthedevelopedworld.
adoesn’tfocusonforeignlanguageeducation
American’sattitudetowardseducationofforeignlanguages?
rried.
pportive.
nvisitingpeopledoiftheycanspeakthelanguagewheretheyvisit?
esuccessinbusiness.
encepeople’aytheirownculture.
themainideaofthelastparagraph?
secondlanguagecanbringharmony.
itiesofpeopleenjoythegreatviews.
nganotherlanguageisreallynecessary.
ngasecondlanguagecanbedifficult.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Whattodoonceyouachieveyourgoal?
Herearesomebasiclessonsthatcanhelpyouonceyoureachyourgoal,___16___Theseareprinciplesthat
millionairePaulScolardihasputintopracticetogoodeffect.
\'tactarrogantly（傲慢低）___17___Whileyou’ve
madegreatprogress,it\'simportantthatyoushouldn\'tlookdownonthosewhoareinthesamesituationsasyou.
___18___Theideaisthatonceyouachieveagoal,
example,ifyou\'biggergoalwouldbetobuildyouownbusinessin
thatparticularindustry.
lly,ifyou’\'llneedtohavemore
motivationandmoreconfidence,andworkevenharder,Buthardworkisn’tallthat\'sneeded.___19___What
helpedyouachievethisgoalinthefirstplace?Whatapproachdidyoutaketomakeallofthishappentoyou?So,
makesureyoulookbackandseewhathelpedyougetthere.
eryouachievesomething,therewillalwaysbepeoplewhowilltrytodragyoudown.
You\'regoingtogethatersorpeoplewhodon\'tbelieveyou.___20___heshares
hisparticularstoryofhowhebecameamillionaire,wedon’treallyknowwhathewentthroughtogetthere.
gergoals.
thusmoveforwardinlife.
vethinkingisallneededforachievement.
nowisthathewasn’tamillionaireandnowheis.
paystoworkmorewiselyandreflectonyourachievements.
ushpeopleaway,whetherthey’refriends,family,orcolleagues.
hemaloneasyoursuccesshasnothingtodowithhowtheyarefeeling.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
e,afive-year-oldchild,dsitsidebyside,watching
thesungodownbehindthegasstationacrossthebusystreet,astreetthatIwasnever____21____to
cross____22____accompanied(陪伴)byanadult.
Onedaywesat____23____thetraffic,countingcarsandtryingtoguessthecolor1ofthenextonetoturnthe
corner.
SuddenlyGrandpaasked,“____24____?\"
\"Yes,\"wasmyreply.\"Howwouldyouliketorunovertothegasstationthereandget____25____abottleof
Coke?\"
Icouldn\'tbelievemy____26____.HadIheardright?Washetalkingtome?Onmyfamily\'smodest（卑微的）
income,ps(小口抿)wasallIhadeverhad,andcertainlynevermyown
bottle.
Irepliedshyly,\"Okay,\"alreadywonderinghowIwouldgetacrossthe____27____.IthoughtGrandpawas
goingtogowithme.____28____,afterhegavemeadime(硬币),hesaidtome,\"Okay,I\'mgoingto
stay____29____andtellyouwhenit\'vertotheCokemachine,getyourCokeandwalk
back._____30_____metotellyouwhenit\'ssafetocrossback.\"
IwasverybothexcitedandnervouswhenGrandpa_____31_____erwe
looked_____32_____thestreetanddown,toldmeitwassafetocross,
he_____33_____eetseemed_____34_____.I
wonderedifIwould_____35_____ngtheotherside,I_____36_____tofindGrandpa
stillstandingexactlywhereIhadlefthim,_____37_____proudly.
……
Cokeinhand,Iproudlymarchedbackoutintotheearlyeveningdusk,seeingGrandpawas
waiting_____38_____.
\"Stoprightthere!\"heyelled(喊).Oneortwocarsspedbyme,andonceagain,Grandpayelled,\"Comeonnow,
run!\"AtlastIcrossedthestreetsafely.\"Don\'teverdothat_____39_____,\"hewarned.
Onelongswallow(吞，咽)ofthecoldCokecooledmysweatingbody.I_____40_____feltsoproud.
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第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Foryears,manyadvere
onthehuntforabronze(铜)aidtobefilled___41.___6,2020,news
brokethatthechestwas___42.___(final)sonwhofoundithaschosen___43.___(remain)
unidentified.
ForrestFennisanantiques___44.___(collect).HelivesinSantaFe,eatedthetreasure
huntmorethan10yearsago,___45.___(hope)itwouldinspirepeopletohavefunandexplorenature.
Fenn___46.___(publish)ook,hedroppedsometips
about___47.___es(线索)shad
dmanyexplorersdown___48.___(danger)roadsinsearchofthe
chest’ystheendofthehuntisbittersweet.“Ifeelhalfwaykindofglad,halfwaykindofsad
becausethehuntisover,\"hesays.“Icongratulatethe___49.___(thousand)ofpeoplewhoparticipatedinthe
search_____50._____hopetheywillcontinuetobedrawnbythepromiseofotherdiscoveries.”
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.该题中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
OnSeptember1939,,thatlasteduntil
1945,thewar,Germanyoccupiedmuchcountries,includingFrance.
ThemostimportantbattlesofthewarinEuropewasOperationOverland,themilitaryoperationin1944toinvade
France.
OperationOverlandstartedwhenboatsfullwithofsoldierslandedonthebeachesofNormandyinFrance,
an5,000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel,carry130,000troopstotheFrench
coast.
r,thesoldierseventuallymadebreakthroughandtheD-Daylandingswere
successfully.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你打算参加学校组织的一场以“Howtoliveahealthylifestyle”为主题的英语演讲比赛，
请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1.健康生活方式的重要性
2.如何养成健康的生活方式（至少两点）注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Goodmorning!MynameisLiHua.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
Thankyou!
参考答案
1.C2.D3.D
4.D5.B6.A7.B
8.B9.A10.C11.B
12.D13.A14.C15.A
16.B17.F18.A19.E20.G
21.D22.C23.A24.D25.D26.B27.D28.B29.B30.C31.C32.
C33.B34.D35.B36.A37.A38.D39.C40.A
y
in
tor
hed
ous
nds
51.(1).On→In
(2).invades→invaded
(3).that→which
(4).knowing→known
(5).much→many
(6).battles→battle
(7).删除with
(8).carry→carrying
(9).添加a
(10).successfully→successful
52.略