2024年3月29日发(作者：)
List One分析analysisthe act of analysing somethingapproachto come near or nearer to something or someonein space, time, quality, or amounta way of considering or doing something度靠近；接近；临近（思考问题的）方式，方法，态areaa particular part of a place, piece of land, or countrybenefita helpful or good effect, or something intended to help利益，好处；优势to be helped by something or to help someone得益，受惠；（使）受益；对?有帮助原则；概念；观念；想法地区；区域concepta principle or ideaconsistentalways behaving or happening in一贯的；坚持的；始终如一的宪法（或章a similar, especially positive, wayconstitutionalallowed by or contained in a constitution的程）允许的，符合宪法（或章程）datainformation, especially facts or numbers, collected tobe examined and considered and used to help decision-making,
or information in an electronicform that can be stored and used by
a computer 信息，数据definition
phrase定义a statement that explains the meaning of a word or
economic
and plantsliverelating to trade, industry, and money经济的；经济上的environmentestablishedthe air, water, and land in or on which people, animals,自然环境something or someone to be accepted in or familiar with得到承认的；确立的a place, position, etc.
factorsfact or situation that influences the result of要素something因素；financial的；金融的relating to money or how money is managed财务的；财政identified
recognizing someone or something and saying认出的，识别出的or proving who or what that person or thing isincomemoney that is earned from doing workor received from investments收入；收益indicate
to show, point, or make clear in another way标示；表明labour
practical work, especially whenit involves hard physical effort劳动；（尤指）体力劳动legal
allowed by the law合法的，符合法律的major
more important, bigger, or more serious than others of
thesame type 较重要的；主要的；重大的occur
(especially of accidents and other unexpected events)to happen （尤指事故及其他意外事件）发生?百分之?（符percentfor or out of every 100, shown by the symbol %号为%）period
?a length of time一段时间，时期policy
a set of ideas or a plan of what to doin particular situations that has been agreed to officially bya group of people, a business organization, a government, ora political party政策，方针，策略required
need something or make something necessary于；要求的需要的；有赖
researchadetailed study ofa subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a(new) understanding研究；调查；探索sectionone of the parts that something is divided into部分；片段sectorone of the areas into which the economic activity ofa country is divided（一国经济活动的）部门，领域，行业significantimportant or noticeable重要的；显着的theorya formal statement of the rules on whicha subject of study is based or of ideas thatare suggested to explain a factor event or, more generally,an opinion or explanation理论；学说；意见
List Twoassessmentimportancethe act of judging or deciding the amount , value , quality , orjudgmentof something, or theor decisionthat is made评估；估价assumeto accept假定，假设；臆断to take or
the rightsomething to betruewithoutquestionorproofbegin to have
to do so, or toresponsibility
begin to have a有rightor control , sometimes withoutcharacteristic承担，担仸；僭取夺取；呈现，具or legalauthoritya groupactivitythe moralorabilityto control威信；权力；管辖权of people权者withofficial responsibilityfor aparticulararea of当局；官方；当available
able to be bought or used联系的；有空的exists or happens , and that可获得的；可用的；可取得context
the situation within which somethingcan help explain it（事情存在、发生的）背景，环境the text or speech that comes immediatelybefore and after aparticularphraseor piece of text and helps to explain its meaning
文；语境上下contract
a legal documentbetween two differentthat states and explainsa formalitselfagreementpeople or groups , or theagreement合同；契约createto make something new, or创造；创建；创作；发明inventsomethingderivedto get something from something从?中得到，从?中获得else
distribution
分发，散发；分配the process of giving things out to severalpeople ,or spreading or supplying somethingestimateto guess or calculate估计；估算；估价the cost , size , value , etc. of somethingevidenceone or more reasons证据；证明for believing that something is or is nottrueexportto send goods出口；输出to anothercountry for saleformula
a standard功能，用途；职责or accepted惯例；配方；处方；公式；方程式；分子way of doing or making something式duty (of a person )function
the naturalindividual
个人，个体a singlepurpose (of something) or thepersonthe group er set to which theyor thing,belongespeciallywhen comparedtointerpretation
解释，阐释；理解an explanationoropinion of what somethingmeansinvolvednot simple and therefore difficult to understand复杂的，复杂难懂的being in a close relationship与?关系亲密的with someoneissuesa subject问题；议题a set ofsinglenewspapersor problemthat people are thinking and talkingat the same time or aaboutor magazines publishedor magazinecopy of a newspaper（报刊的）期，号，版次legislation
made official by a法律；立法a law or set ofparliamentlaws suggestedby a governmentand
method?方法，方式a particular way of doing somethingprinciple
a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how somethinghappens or works原理；原则proceduresomethinga set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing程序；步骤；常规processa series of actions过程；步骤that you take inorder to achieve a resultto deal with documents处理；办理in an officialwayresponse
an answer or reaction回答；回应，反应role
the position or purpose that someone or something has in asituation , organization , society , or relationship地位；职责；作用；仸务similarsourcesomethinglookingor beingalmost , but notexactly , the same相似的，近似的the place something comes from orstartsat, or thecause of来源，出处；发源地；起源，根源specificrelating特定的；特有的to one thing and notothers ; particularstructure
the way in which thearranged or organized , or a system结构；构造；机构；体系partsof a system or object
arranged in this wayarevariableslikely to change often多变的；反复无常的
List Threeachieve
to succeed in finishing something orafter a lot of work oreffort（尤指经过努力）完成，达到，实现of getting somethingcompany , or apieceof land thatbuying itreachingan aim , especiallyacquisition
获得theprocesssomething such as abuilding , anotheract of购is bought by a company , or the收购物（房屋、公司、土地等），收administration
and tasks needed to管理；经营；行政the arrangementscontroltheoperationof aplan or organizationcategories种类，类别，范畴in asystemfordividingthingsaccording to appearance , quality ,featuresthat are the sameetc.) a type , or a group of things having somechapterany of the章，回，篇separateparts into which abookorother piece of text is divided, usually given anumber or titlecommissionto formally ask for ato formallyspecialchoose someone to do aspecial piece of work , orpiece of workfrom someone（正式地）安排（某人）做，委托（某人）做communityor nationality社区；群体；社thepeopleliving in one particulararea or people who areconsidered as a unitbecause oftheir commoninterests, social group ,团，团体，界a lot of different but组成的；构造复杂的relatedpartscomplexinvolving由许多相关的不同部分computermachine that is used forstoring , organizing , andfinding words, numbers , and pictures , for doingcalculations, and forcontrolling other machinesan electronic
计算机，电脑conclusion结局；结尾；结果the final part of somethingdesignto make or draw plans for something, for example clothes or buildings（图）设计；制elementsa part of something部分；部件；要素featuresa typical quality or an important part of something特征；特点特色；final
last最后的，最终的impactthe force or action of one object hitting another冲击（力）；撞击（力）body caused by an accidentorinjury
physical harm or damage to someone'san attack伤害，损伤journal
a serious magazinea particular subject杂志，期刊；报纸a writtenrecordor newspaperthat is publishedregularly aboutof what you have done eachprivate thoughtsandfeelingsday , sometimesincludingyour日志；日记normal
ordinary or usual ; the same as would be普通的；平常的；通常的expectedparticipation
参加，参与the fact that you take part orbecome involved in somethingperceivedsomething认为；看待；视为to come to an opinionabout something, or have abelief about
positivefull of hope and confidence , or giving cause for hope andconfidence建设性的；积极的；怀有希望的rangea set of similar things（一）批；（一）类；（一）系列partof theisdividedworld, or any of the large officialregion
a particular area orareas into which a country区域，地区；（身体）部位；（国家的）行政区regulations
an official规则，条例，法规；控制，管rule or the理act ofcontrollingsomethingrelevantconnectedsecurityprotectionwith what is有关的；相关联的；切题的happeningor being discussedof aperson, building , organizationor attacksby foreign, or countryagainst threatssuch ascrime保护（措施）；安全（保障）countriessoughtPAST SIMPLE AND PAST PARTICIPLE OF寻找；寻求seekselectto choose a smallcareful decisionsof only the best精选的；最优秀的选择；挑选numberof things, or tochooseby makingtype or highest quality , and usuallysmallin size or amounttextthe written words in a（书、杂志等中区a text message短信息book , magazine , etc., not the别于图片的）正文，文字材料picturestraditionalhave continued传统的followingor belongingin a group ofpeople orto thesocietycustoms or ways of behaving thatfor a longtime without changingList Four
affectto have an influence on someone or something, or tosomeone or something影响；侵袭；感染；打动or rightfor aparticularsituationcause a changeinappropriateto take something forsuitableor occasion适当的，恰当的；合适的yourown use, usually withoutpermission挪用；占用；盗用；侵吞aspectsone方面；层面partof asituation, problem, subject, ance帮助；协助；援助helpconductto organize and perform a particular activity实施；进行；处behaviour行为，举止；表现；为人理组织；consequencesis bad or notconvenienta result of a particular action or situation , often one that结果，后果（常指不好或不利的）construction
buildingsthe work of building or making something,, ally, bridges设建造；构筑；建the way in which the words in asentenceor phrase arearranged（句子或词组的）结构，构造consumercredit
praise赞扬；赞许；荣a personwhobuysgoodsor servicesfor theirown use消费者；顾客；用户, approval誉, orhonourmoney in your bank account账面余额，贷方余额cultural
relating to the habits , traditions , and beliefs of a society
与文化有关的，文化的distinction区别，差别，不同a differencebetween twosimilarthingsequationa mathematical statementamounts are equal using mathematical方程式；等式in which you show that twosymbolsevaluationa judgment about how good, useful, or successfulsomething isinterest（尤指注意力或meet焦点，聚光点，源兴趣的）中心，焦点评估especially of attentionorfocus
the main or central point of something,the point where waves of light or sound that are moving towards each other
institute
an organization where people do a particulareducational , or social work , or the buildings that it uses
所；学院to start or cause a system , rule , legal action , etc. to建立；制定；开始研究existtype of scientific,investmentthe actof puttingadvantagemoney , effort , time , etc. into something to, or themoney, effort , time , etc. used to do thismake a profit or get an投资；投资物，投资额itemssomething that is条，项目part of a list orgroupof thingsmaintenance
not allowed to become维持；保持a situationlessin which somethingcontinues to exist or isobtainedto get something,it, or producing it from somethingespeciallyby askingelse 得到，获得necessaryconditionsfor it, buying it, working forpotential
possiblewhen theexist
潜在的，可能的previoushappening or existing before something or someone else先前的以前的，primary
more important than anything else ; main的；主要的首要purchaseto buy something购买residenta person who lives or has their home in a place住户living or staying in a place居住的；定居的；居留的居民；resourcesrestricted
受（尤指官方法a useful or valuable possession or quality of acountry , organization , or person资源；财力；素质limited , especially byofficial规等）限制的，受约束的rules , laws , place where something is, was, or will besomething happened , is happening , or will（建筑物的）地点，位置；建筑工地；（某事built , or wherehappen发生的）地点，现场strategiesa detailed plan for achievingpolitics , business , industry , or sport , or the战略；策略；计谋；行动计划；策划，部署successin situationssuch as war ,skillofplanning for such situationssurveyan examination of opinionspeople questions调查, behaviour, etc., made byaskingtransfer
to move someone or something from oneor group搬；转移to anotherplace , vehicle , person ,List Five
alternative
an alternativeplan or methodis one that you can use if you donot want to use another one.（计划或方法）可替代的；可供选择的条件；circumstances情况；情形；形势；境况a fact or event that makes a situation the way it iscommentsto make a commentsomething that you say or write thatexpresses your opinion评论；意见；评价；评语评论；议论；发表意见compensationcomponents组成部分；成分；零部money that is paid to someone in exchange for somethingthat
has been lost or damaged or for some problem赔偿金；补偿金a part that combines withbiggerother parts to form something件consentpermission or agreement许可，允许；同意large or of noticeable importance观的；相当重要的timeconsiderable相当大的；相当多的；非常可constanthappening a lot or all the经常发生的；连续发生的；连续不断的constraintsparticular limits限制；束缚；约束something thatcontrols what you do bykeepingyou withincontribution
to help produce
something that youcontributeor door achieve something together with other）people , orto help make somethingsuccessful贡献；奉献；捐款；捐助（物），损献（物deduction
the known
the process of reaching a decision or answer by thinking aboutdecision that isreachedfacts , or the
（根据已知的事实所作出的）推断，推论；此等推论所促成的决clear定demonstrate
显示；表明to show or make make somethingemphasis重视；强调确保；保证the particularimportanceor attentionthat is given to somethingensure
to make somethingframework
a supporting（建筑物等的）架构，框架certain to happenstructurearound which something can bebuiltjustification
正当的理由；辩解a good reasonorexplanation for somethinglayer
a level of material , such as athe material above or below it, or a层；涂层type of rock or gas , that is different fromthinsheet of a substancemaximum
outcomes结果，后果；效being the largest最大的；最高的；顶点的amountor numberallowed or possiblea result or effect of an action , situation , etc.果officially listed and accepted经政府核准）登记的（或注册的）依赖，registeredreliance
依靠；信仸，信已注册的；经注册批准的；（the state of depending on or trusting in something or someone赖to take something or someone away from调动removed
somethingsomewhere, or off移开；拿开；去掉；除去；specifiedto explain or describe something clearly and exactly明；明确指出具体说sufficient
足够的，充足的enough for aparticularpurpose
task
a piece of work to be done, especially one done regularly, unwillingly, orwith difficulty仸务；（尤指经常、不情愿或很cogency有效；正当，正确难做的）工作；（苦）差事validity
the quality of being logically or factually sound; soundness orimmigration
（入境）the act of someone coming to live in a different country移民illustrated
especially
（尤指用例子）to show the meaning or truth of something moreexamplesclearly ,by giving说明，阐明暗指，impliesto communicate an idea or feeling without saying it directly暗示corporate
（大）公司的relating to a large companyof or shared by a whole group and not just of a single member
全体的，集体的团体的；List Six
convention
大会；会议a large formalmeeting of people who do afor a political partyparticular job orhave a similar interest , or a large meetingcoordination
a plan or activity协调，调节act of making all thepeoplework together in anorganized waytheinvolvedincore
the basicand most important核心，关键，最重要的部分partof somethingcorresponding
相似的；相应的；对等的similar to, connectedwith, orcausedby something elsecriteria
a standard by which you（作出评判、决定或处理的）标准，准则judge , decide about, ordeal with somethingdocument
dominant
a paperor set oftypepapers with written orprinted information ,especially of anofficial（尤指正式的）文件，公文more important, strong , ornoticeablethan anything else of thesame type主要的；主导的；占优势的excludedto prevent someone or something frompart in an activity阻止?进入；把?排斥在外entering a place or takingfunds
an amount of money saved , collected , or provided for aparticular purpose基金；专款；资金to providethemoneyto pay for anevent , activity, or organization为?提供资金；资助initialof or at thebeginning开始的，最初的instance
something thata particularhappenssituation
generally, event , orfact , especiallyan exampleof
实例；情况interaction
an occasion when two or morepeople or thingscommunicatewith or react to each other交流，交往；相互作用，相互影响link
a connection between two联系，关联；关（因特网上的）系a connection between documents链接people , things, or ideason the internetlocation
a place or position地点，位置minorities
少数否定的；拒绝的a smallernumberorpartnegativeexpressingnot expecting good things, or负面的，消极的"no"likelyto consider only the bad side of a situationpartnership
合伙关系，伙伴关系the stateof being apartnerphilosophy
哲学the use of reason in understanding such things as the nature ofthe real world and existence, the use and limits of knowledge,
and the principles of moral judgmentphysicalrelating to the body身体的，肉体的relating to things you can see or touch, or relating to the laws of nature实物的；物质的；有形的；按自然规律的proportion
when comparedthe number
to the wholeor amount 部of agroup or part of something分；份额published
to makeinformation available to people , especially in a book ,magazine , or newspaper, or to produce and sell a book , magazine , or newspaper
公布；出版；发表reaction
behavioursomething else反应；回应, a feelingor anaction that is adirectresult ofschemean organized plan for doing something,dishonest or illegal that will阴谋，诡计bring a goodespeciallyresult for yousomethingsequencea seriesof relatedthey follow each other一连串；一系列；顺序，次序things orevents, or the orderin whichsexthe state of being either性别male or femaleshift
to ( cause something or someone to)（尤指略微地）移动；改变；转移to themoveor change fromone position or direction to another, especially slightlytechnicalrelatingand industry技术的knowledge, machines, ormethodsused insciencetechniques
a way of doing an技术，技能activitythat needsskilltechnology
(the studyandknowledge业技术that isof) thepractical, especiallyindustrial ,use of scientific discoveries技术（学）；应用技术；（尤指）工volume
the amount容积；体积；容量the number or amount总数；总量；总额of spacecontainedgeneralwithin anobject or solid shapeof something inList Sevenaccessthe method or possibility of getting near to a place or person
通道；使用途径；（接近某地或某人的）机会（或方法）；（使用某物的）权利adequate
enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose足够的；合格的；合乎需要的annualhappening once every year一年一度的；每年的apparentable to be seen or understood清晰可见的；显而易见的；明白易懂的civil
not militarycode
a systemmessage in secretto represent密码；代号；代a set ofwrittencountryrulesor religious文职的；民用的；平民的，国民的, orrelatingto theordinary people of a countryof words,letters, orsignsused torepresentform , or a systemof numbers, letters, orshorter or more convenientformasignals usedsomething in a码that are acceptedas generalprinciples, or a set oforrulesthat say howshould behavepeoplein aparticularorganization法典；法规commitmenta willingness to give your time and energy to something thatyou believe in, or a promise or firm decision to do
something 忠诚；投入；奉献；承诺，保证，诺言with peoplecommunication交流；沟通；交the act of communicating讯of a subject际；传达；传播；通discussiondebate
(a) serious谈论，讨论；争论，辩论in which manypeople take partdespite
without taking anynoticeof or beinginfluencedby; notpreventedby不管；尽管；无论emergedto appear by coming out of something or out from behindsomething 出现，浮现；露出goalsan aim or purpose目标；目的
hencethat is the reason or explanation for因此，所以implementationthe act of putting a plan into action or of starting to use something
实践实施，imposedto officially force a rule , tax , punishment , etc. to be obeyed orreceived推行；强制实行integration
整合，一体化the action or process of integratingobviouseasy to see , recognize , or understand清楚的；显然的，明显的；明白的occupational
relating to or caused by your job的chosen from a set of possibilities, or职业的，工作的；由职业引起option
one thing that can bethe freedom to make a选择，选项；选择权choiceparametersa set of factsor a fixed limit that establishesor be doneorlimits howsomething can or musthappen限定因素；界限；范围；规范phase
any stage in a series（发展或变化的）阶段，时期of events or in aprocess of developmentpriorexisting or happeningparticulartime在先的，在前的；居先的before somethingelse , or before aprofessional职业的；专业的政府；政权；政体relating to work that needs special trainingoreducationregime
a particulargovernment or a systemor method ofgovernment
resolution
has voted决议；正式决定determinationan official decision that is made after agroup or organization决心；决意；坚决series
a number of similar一连串；一系列a set of televisionsame characters（电视或广播的）系列but in different节目or relatedevents or things, oneon the samefollowinganotheror radio broadcastssubjector using thesituationsstatisticsinformation based on anumber of times统计数据；统计资something料happensstudy of theor is present , or othernumericalfactsstatus
an accepted or official（尤指在社会中的）地位，身份position, especiallyin a social groupstressgreat worry causedthat causes thiscondition紧张，压力；造成紧张的因素by a difficultsituation, or somethingsummary
something总结，概要，摘a short , clear要descriptionthat gives the mainfacts or ideas aboutList Eight
approximatedto be almost接近，近似not completely accurate but close大致的，大约的，大概的the same asattitudesa feelingof behaving that is心态，看法；态度or opinionabout something or someone, or a waycaused by thisattributed
a quality or characteristicthat someone or something has特性；特质；属性concentration
doing and nothing专注，专心the abilityto think carefully about something you areelseconference
a groupbusinessof talksmattersan event , sometimesarediscussedon aparticularlastinga fewdays , at which there issubject, or ameetingin which especiallyformally会议，大会；讨论会，协商会contrast
ancycle
a groupobvious difference between two or more things差别，差异；对照，对比of events that happenother, and are oftenrepeated循环；周期in a particularorder , one following thedimensions
a measurementespecially its height , length , or空间，尺寸of something in awidthparticular direction ,domesticrelating本国的，国内的to a person's owncountryerror
a mistake错误；谬误；差错ethnicrelating to a particular race of people民族的；种族的
grantedto give orallowsomeone something, usually in anofficialway（通常指官方）同意，准予，授予an amount of money givenespeciallyby the government
to aperson or organization for a specialpurpose（尤指政府为特殊目的给予个人或组织的）拨款，补助金hypothesis
an idea or explanation for something thatis based on known facts but has not yet been proved假设；假说implications
an occasion when you seem to suggest something withoutsaying itdirectly含意；暗指，暗示internal
existing or happening inside a person , object , organization , place ,or country体内的；内部的；国内的investigation
the act or process of examining a crime , problem , statement ,etc.
carefully , especially to discover the truth（对犯罪，问题，陈述等的）调查（尤指发现真相）job
the regular work that apersondoes toearn money工作；职业；职位label
a piece of paper or other material that gives youinformation aboutthe object it is attached to标签，标牌mechanism
a part of amachine , or a set of parts that work together机械部件；机械装置output
an amountof somethingproducedby a person, machine , factory ,country , etc.（人、机器、工厂、国家等的）产量overall
in generalratherthan inparticular, or includingall the people orthings in a particulargroupor situation总的（来说）；全面的（地）；包括一切的（地）
parallelIf two or morelines , streets, etc. are parallel, thedistancebetweenthem is the same all alongtheirlength .平行的predicted
to say that an event or action will happen in the future, especially asa result of knowledge or experience预言；预料，预计principalfirst in orderof importance最重要的project
a piece of planned work or anactivitythat isfinishedover aperiod of time and intendedto achieve a particularpurpose项目；方案；工程promote
to encouragepeople to like,buy , use, do, orsupportsomething促进；促销，推销；推广retainedto keep or continue to have something保持；保留；保有If a substanceretains something, such asheat or water , itcontinues tohold or contain it.保存；留住；容纳subsequenthappeningafter somethingelse随后的，接着的sum
an amount of money金额undertakento do or begin to do something,especiallysomething that willtake a long time or be difficult（开始）做，承担，从事（尤指耗时或困难之事）
List Nineacademicrelating to schools , colleges , and universities , or connected withstudying and thinking , not with practical skills学校的，学院的；学术的a smallchangeadjustment
调整；调节；小改动alter
to change something, usuallysomething to changeslightly , or to化cause the characteristics of（通常指轻微地）改动，修改；改变，使）变capacity
the total(especially of a person容积，容量；生amount that can be containedor produced, oror organization) the ability to do a particular thing组织的）办事能力needs产能力；（尤指某人或某(the situation of beingeffort inabilitychallenge
挑战；难题；考验great mental or physicaltherefore tests a person'sfaced with) something thatorderto be done successfully andconflict
an activeor principles冲突；分歧；争论disagreementbetween peoplewith opposingopinionsdecline
to gradually become less, worse , or lower（逐渐）减少，衰落，降低discretionthe ability to behave without causing embarrassment or attracting too much
attention , especially by keeping information secret慎重，谨慎；守口如瓶enable
to make someonepossible使能够；使可能able to do something, or to make somethingenergy
the power and ability to be physically and mentally active活力；干劲精力；
enforcement
强制执行；加强the act of compelling observance of orcompliance with a law, rule, or obligationentitiessomething thatindependent实体；独立存在existence体exists apart from other things, havingits ownequivalent
facilitatehaving the same等值的；相等的；等同的to make something促进；促使；使便利amount, value , purpose, qualities , leor easiergenerated形象，印象to cause something to造成；引起；使存在existimage
a picturea mental picture orwords that they比喻，意象in your mind or an idea of how someone or something isidea that formsin a reader's or listener'smindfrom theread or hearliberal
respectingmarginal
very微小的；少量的a marginal political边缘化andallowing自由开放的，开放的，开明的smallin amountarea or positionmany differenttypes ofbeliefsor behaviouror effectin parliamentmedical
to the treatment医学的；医疗的；医用的relatedof illnessand injuriesmentalrelating to the mind , or精神的；思想上的；心理的involvingtheprocess of thinkingobjective
目标；目的based on realsomething that youplan to do orachieveor feelingsfactsand not influenced bypersonal beliefs
客观的；如实的；不带个人感情的preciseexact and accurate精确的；准确的，确切的primemain or most首要的，主要的；基本的the period in your life全盛时期；盛年，壮年importantwhen you are most时期that expresses howactive or successfulratio
therelationshipbetween two groups or amountsmuch biggerone is than the other比；比例；比率rejectedto refuse to accept , use, or拒绝接受；拒收；不录用；不相信a product that is damaged or not残品；次品believesomething or someoneperfectly madestability
a situation稳定；稳固person , group
in which something is notlikelyto move or changestylesa way of doing something,做事方式；（尤指）风格，作风especiallyof people , place , or periodone that istypical of asubstitution
when someone or something is replaced bysomeone or something else, or the person or thing being replaced换人，替换target
an object shot at during shooting practice , often a circle with apattern of rings , or any object or place at which bullets , bombs , etc. are aimed
（攻击、轰炸等的）目标to aim an attack , or a bullet , bomb , etc., at a particular object , place , or person
为目标把?作靶，靶子；version
a particular form of something that isformsof the same thing版本；说法slightlydifferent from otherList Ten
amendment修改，修订，修正a changeor changes made to the words of atextawareknowing that somethinga particular thing意识到的；明白的；知道的exists, or having knowledgeor experience ofclause
a particular partpassed by Parliament or a（法律文件的）条款，款项of a written legal documentcontract(= an agreement ), for example a lawcompounds化合物a chemical that combines two or morepartselementsconsisting of two or more复合的consultation
a meeting to discuss协商会，磋商会；咨询（会）something or to getadvicecontactcommunicationthem regularly（尤指经常通过交谈、书信的）with someone,联系，联络，交往suggestionespecially by speaking or writing todraft
a pieceoften containing草案；草稿；草of text , a formal图the way in which化, or a drawingin its original state ,developed formthe main ideas andintentions but not theevolution
livingthingschange anddevelop over millionsof years发展；演变；演化；进expansion
exposure
the increase of something in扩大，增加，扩展size , number , or importance（尺寸、数量或重要性的）the fact of experiencingof being in a particular situation接触；面临；遭受something or beingor placeaffected by it becauseexternal
of, on, for, or coming from thefundamentalforming theoutside 外面的；外表的；来自外部的else developsbase , from which everything
基础的；基本的；主要的generation
a particular familyall thepeopleof about the same辈人age within a societyor within（社会或家庭的）一代（人），同代人，同licence
an official documentsomething, usually after you have许可证，执照，牌照that gives youpaid moneypermissionto own, do, or useand/or taken a testlogic
a particular way ofbased on good judgment逻辑思维，理性思维thinking , especiallyone that isreasonableandmodifiedto changemonitoring
something such as aplan , opinion , law , or way ofbehaviour slightly , usually toimproveit or make it moreacceptable（稍作）修改，更改，改造，改to watch and变checka situationcarefullyfor a periodof time inorder to discover something about it监控；监测；监视，密切注视network
a large systemconnected together tothe parts , or between the网络，网状系统to meet people who might be（尤指工作中）建立关系网allowconsisting of manypartsand acontrolsimilar parts that arebetween or alongcentremovement or communicationuseful to know , especially in your jobnotion
a belief or idea观念；看法orientation
usually doesthe particular things that a值取向；信仰观念等person prefers , believes , thinks , or一个人特别的喜好，价the particular interests , activities , or aims of an organization or business
向；目标兴趣；取perspective
a particular way of considering something
（思考问题的）角度，观点，想法study of the way the human mind works and howinfluence of a particularperson ’ｓpsychology
character on their心理学thescientificit influences behaviour, or thebehaviourpursue
to follow追赶；追捕；追击（政府的）税收，someone or something, usually totry to catch him, her, or itrevenue
the income that asustainable可持续的，能长期保持的government or company岁入；（公司的）收益able to continue over a period of timereceives regularlysymbolicrepresenting代表的，象征的something elsetransition
转变；过渡a changefrom one form or type to another, or theprocessbywhich this happenstrend
a general developmentpeople are behaving趋势，趋向；倾向，动向or change in a situation or in the way thatwelfarehelp given, especiallyphysical and mental health and（尤指人的）幸福，福祉；安康by the state or an organizationneed it, especially because they do not have enoughmoney福利救济；社会福利happiness , especiallyof a person, to peoplewhowhereascompared with the尽管；但是；却fact that; butList Eleven
abstractexisting as an抽象的；纯理论的，纯概念的准确的；精确的；正确的idea , feeling , or quality , not as amaterialobjectaccuratecorrect , exact , and without anyacknowledged承认，认可?属实或存在mistakesto accept , admit , or recognize something, orthe truth or existence of somethingaggregate
somethingformedby addingtogether severalamounts or things聚集体，集成体；总数，合计bond
a close connection（亲近的）联系，关系a written agreement or promise契约，合同joiningtwo or more peoplecapableable to do things有能力的；熟练的；能干的effectively andskilfully , and toachieveresultsdiscrimination
歧视；区别对待treating a person or particular group of people differently,especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people , because of their
skin colour , sex , sexuality , y
to arrange something or aseen by thepubliccollectionof things so that it can be布置，排列，陈列edition
a particular form in which a book , magazine , or newspaper ispublished版本enhanced
to improvethe quality , amount , or strengthof something提高；增加；增强；增进estateeverything that a（个人死后留下的全部）personowns when theydie财产，遗产
federalrelatinga region, of some联邦政府的to thecountriescentral government , and not to thesuch as the USgovernment offeesan amountparticularof moneyright or servicepaid for aparticularpiece ofworkor for a报酬；服务费；费用gender
the physical性别激励；刺激；鼓励and/orsocialconditionof beingmale orfemaleincentive
something thatincidence
an event , or the事件；（事件的）发生率encouragesa person to do somethingrate at which somethinghappensincorporated
包含；将?包括在内to includesomething aspart of somethinglargerindex
an alphabeticalshowingwhich pagea systemchange指数of numbersaccordinglist , such as oneprinteda subject, name , etc. is onat the back of abook（书后关于主题、姓名等的）索引used forcomparingfixedvaluesof things thatstandardto each other or ainhibition
initiatives
倡议；新措施the ability to usewithouta feelingofembarrassmentwantor worry thatpreventsyou fromsaying or doing what you拘束；顾忌；拘谨a newplanor processtoachievesomething orsolve a problemyourjudgmentto makedecisions and do thingsneeding to be told what to do主动性；自主决断行事的能力migration
移居；迁移movement from one part of something to another
minimum
or possible最低限度used to describe something that is thesmallest or leastallowednevertheless不过，仍然；尽管如此despite what has just been said or referred tooverseasin, from, or to otherpresumption
any proof推定，推测，假定countries在海外（的）；从国外来（的）；到国外（的）the act of believing that something istrue without havingrecoverythe processof getting something back（尤指健康、能力、所有物等）失而复得，重新得到，追回，收复，寻回scope
the range of a subjectdiscussion , class , etc.范围covered by a book , programme ,tapesthin plastic in aallowssounds or soundslong , narrowandpicturessoundstrip with ais recordedmagneticcovering thatplayedto be recorded andagain,especially one on which磁带，录音带，录像带trace
to find someone or something that was找到，查出，发现lost暗underlying
real but not immediately obvious含的；深层的；潜在的
List Twelveallocation
something分配the action or process of allocating or sharing outassignedto give a particular job or piece of work to someone分派；指派分配；attached
to fasten , join , or connect something系，绑；连接；使附着；附上；固定author
the作者，作家；著者writerof a book , article , play ,
lasting短暂的；简短的only ashort time or containingfew wordscitedto mention something assomething hashappened述举例，引证；援引；引用，引prooffor atheoryor as areasonwhycooperativediversity
thein something; a多样性，多样化willing to help or do what people ask的types of things orpeoplepeoplebeing included乐于合作的；协作的；配合fact of many differentrange of different things ordomain
an area of interest领域，领地or an area over which a person has controlexceedto begreater than anumberor amount超过，超出（数量）；超越（规定的范围）, or to go past anallowed limitexpert
a person with a highparticular subject专家；内行；行家or activitylevel of knowledgeor skillrelatingto aexplicit
clearand exact清楚明白的；明确的；不含糊的
showing or talking about sex or violence in a very detailed way
露骨的赤裸裸的，flexibility
the quality of bending easily without breaking柔韧性；灵活性furthermore
此外；而且in addition ; more importantlyignored
to intentionally not不理睬，忽视listenor give attention toinput
something such asinstructions
指示，命令，吩咐energy , money , or informationa system , organization, ormachine so that it canoperate（能源、资金或信息的）投入，输入something that someonetellsyou to dothat is put intointelligence
theabilityto learn , understand, and makejudgmentsor haveopinions that are based on reason智力，智慧interval
a period间隔；间距between two events or timeslecture
a formal talk on aespecially students（尤指面向学生的）讲座，课serioussubjectgiven to a groupof people,ministry
in Britaingovernment led by a（政府的）部and some otherministercountries, a departmentof themotivation
enthusiasm积极性；干劲for doing somethingneutral
not saying or doing anything that wouldthe groups involved in an中立的，不偏不倚的argument or warencourageor helpany ofprecedingexisting orhappeningbefore someone or something
在前的，在先的，前面的rational
based on clear thought and reason脑清醒的；理智的to make头revealed
previouslyknownor show something that issurprisingor that wassecret揭露；泄露；透露subsidiary
something
辅助的；次要的used to refer to something lessconnectedimportantthanelse with which it istransformation
transporta complete change in the appearance or character of something彻底改观；大变样or someone, especially so that that thing or person is improved
the movementof people or goodsfrom oneplace to another运输，运送，输送utilitygas supply
a serviceor a trainthat is used by theservicepublic , such as anelectricityor公用事业；（电、煤气、铁路等）公共设施
List Thirteenadaptation
the process of changing to suit different conditions适应a film , book , play , etc. that has been made from another（电影、书、剧本等的）改编film , book , play , a person or animal that has grown to full size and strength成年人；成年动物channel
a television电视台；电视频道stationchemical
classical
古典的anybasicsubstance that is used in orinvolving changesto atoms or molecules化学品；化学制品producedby a reactionClassicaland to be of lastingmusic isvalue .consideredto be part of a long , formal traditioncomprehensive包含；包括；构成，completeand including everything that is全面的；综合的；包罗万象的；详尽的necessarycomprise
to have as组成十年；年代parts or members, or to be those parts or membersdecades
period of ten years , especiallydefinite
fixed , certain确定的，肯定的；明确的否认，否定, or cleara periodsuch as 2010 to 2019deny
to say that something is noteliminate
排除；消除；清除trueto remove or take away someone or somethingempirical
based on what is experienced or seen rather than on theory经验主义的；来自经验（或观察）的以经验（或实验）为依据的；
file
any of several differentand other documents
（尤指办公室的）文件箱，文件types of container used tostore papers, letters ,in an ordered way, especially in an office夹，卷宗worldglobal
relating全球的；全世界的to thewholegradea levelof quality, size , importance, etc.等级；品级；级别hierarchical
of rank等级制度的；分等of the nature of a hierarchy; arranged in order级的similaridentical
exactly the same, or very完全相同的；极为相似的ideology
a set of beliefs or principles, especially one on which a politicalsystem, party, or organization is based（尤指作为政治体制、政党或政治组织基础的）思想（体系），意识形态truebecause of theinferred
to form推定，推断an opinion or guess that something isinformation that you havemedia
the internet,a group大众传播媒介，媒体newspapers, magazines , television, etc.,consideredasparadigm
something范例，示例a model of something, or a veryclear and typicalexampleofphenomenonexists and can be seen , felt , tasted , etc.,especially somethingunusual or interesting（尤指不寻常的或有趣的）现象something thatpriority
something that is veryother things优先考虑的事importantand must bedealtwith before
quotation
short piece of writing taken from aliterature , poetry , etc. or what someoneelsehas said引语，引文，语录a phrase orlongerwork ofsimulation
模拟，模仿（一套过程）of a set ofproblemsor events that can be used toteach someone how to do something, or theprocess of making such amodel问题或事件的模型，可用于教导某人如何做某事，或制作此类模型的a modelsomewhat
有点，稍微有些to some degreesuccessivehappening接连地，连续地one after the other without anybreaktransmission
etc., or something that isthe process ofbroadcastbroadcasting something by radio , television ,（广播、电视等的）播送，播送内容unique
being the onlyor special in some wayexistingone ofitstype or, more见的generally , unusual ,独一无二的；与众不同的；唯一的；独特的；罕visible
able to be seen可以看见的；可able or likely
显眼的；引人注目视的to attract
的public attention and benoticed
List Fourteenadvocate
doing something主张；拥护；支持；提倡to publicly support or suggest an idea , development , or way ofaidhelp or support帮助，援助confirmed
used to say that someone who has had a坚定的particular habit or wayof life for a long time and is unlikely to change成习惯的；根深蒂固的；contrary
the opposite相反；反面；对立面；相反事物converted
to ( cause something or someone to) change in form or character（使）改变，（使）转变；（使）改信；（使）皈依couple
two or a few things that are similar or the same, or two or apeople who are in some way connected（相似或相同事物的）一对，一双，几个；（有某种联系之人的）一few
对，几个differentiation区别，区分，辨别theact of differentiatingdisposal
the act清除；处理；抛弃思维活跃的；活of getting rid of something, especially by throwingit awaydynamic
having a lot ofequipment
设备；器材；用具取出；拔出；提取the set ofideas and enthusiasm泼的，充满活力的，精力充沛的necessary tools , clothing , etc. for a particularpurposeextract
to remove or take out somethingfinite
having a limit or end有限的；有限制的；有尽的
foundation
创建；建立an occasionwhen ancreatedin need oforganization , state , etc. isin order to provide moneyhelp or for a particularestablishedfortype of studyan organization that has beena particular group of people基金会guarantee
a promise that something will be done or willby acompany to repair or changeparticular period of timehappen ,aespecially a written promise保证，担保；（尤指公司保product that develops a fault within a证对产品保修或包退的）保修idea or method创造，使用单，包换单innovation
插入，嵌入(the use of) a new新观念；新方法；（新观念或方法的）insert
place, fit, or push (something) into something elseintervention
干涉the action or process of interveningplacesisolated
not near to other偏远的happening or existing
孤立的（只发生一次的）only once , separatemode
a way of operating , living , or behaving方法；做法；方式prohibited
禁止；阻止to officially refuse to allow somethingpublication
发表；公布；出版theact of makingforminformationor storiesavailableto peopleina printed or electronicrelease
to give释放，放走；放开，松freedomor free movementto someone or something开thedirectionreverse
toto its oppositechange, order , position, result , etc. of something（使）反向；（使）倒转；彻底改变；推翻
solely
only and not唯一地，单独地，仅有地involvinganyone or anythingelsesubmitted提交；呈递to give or offersomething for adecision to be made byotherssurvive
to continuethesis
a long piecetopica subjectto livebeing destroyed or after being in a继续生存，存活；（尤指）幸存orexist , especiallyafter coming closedifficult orthreatening situationto dying orof writing on aparticulardegreesubject , especially one that isdone for a higher college or university论文that isdiscussed, written about, orstudied话题；主题ultimately最终，最后used to终归，终究finally, after aseriesof things havehappenedemphasizethe mostimportantfactin asituationvoluntaryit自愿的；志愿的done, made, or given willingly, without beingforcedor paidto do
List Fifteenabandonto leave a place , thing, or遗弃to go with someone or to beprovidedperson , usually forever离弃；放弃；抛弃；accompaniedsame陪同，陪伴；伴随，和or exist at thetimeas something?一起提供（或存在）an amount of something that has been collected积累；accumulation
积聚；积攒ambiguous
含糊不清的；引起歧having or expressing more than onepossible meaning ,sometimes intentionally义的，模棱两可的；不明确的oropposingallowingpersonala particular personor thing inbias
the action of supportingan unfairopinionsway, because ofto influence偏见；偏心；偏袒yourjudgmentchart
a drawing that showslines andcurves to show图表；示意图；曲线图informationamountsin a simple way, often usingclaritythe quality清楚明了；清晰易懂of beingclear and easy to understandconformitybehaviourgroup orthat followssocietytheusual standardsthat are expectedby a循规蹈矩，墨守成规commodity
商品，货物a substance or product that can be traded, bought, or solddenote
to表示，代表representsomethingdetectedto noticediscover something,something that isespecially using apartly hidden or notspecialmethodclear , or to
（尤指用特殊方法）发现，察觉，看出publiclyexhibitto show something展出，展览；展示fluctuationsdown波动a situationin whichprices , levelsor interestratesgo up andhighlighted
注意；强调to attract attention to or emphasize something important使引起implicit
suggested but not communicated directly言的，含蓄的不明inducedto persuade someone to do something诱使；劝说manipulation
操纵（出于个人利益操controlling someone or something to纵某人某事，常指不公平或不power producednucleusyour own advantage,often unfairly or dishonestly诚信）when thenucleusof anatomnuclearis dividedbeing or using theto anotherorjoined核能的；使用核能的paragraph
beginning
etc.（文章的）段，段落a short part of aline . It usuallytext , consisting of at least onesentence and deals
on a newwith a single event , description , idea ,plusadded to加，加上practitioners
者；从业人员someone involved in a skilled job or activity执业radical
believing or expressing the belief that there should be great orsocial or political change激进的；过激的；极端的extreme
randomhappening , done, or chosen by chance rather than according to aplan仸意的；随机的；胡乱的reinforced
加固；使更结实to make somethingstrongerwidespreadmany peopleexisting or happening in many places and/or among广泛的；普遍的；遍布的uniform
a particularthe same制服organizationset ofclothesthat has to be
orgroupwornby themembersofof peopletheme
themainsubjectof atalk , book , film , etc.（谈话、书籍、电影等的）题目，主题
List Sixteenappendix
a separate partat the end of abook or magazinethatgives extra information（书或杂志的）附录appreciation
valuable , important欣赏；理解；感谢the act of recognizing or understanding, or as describedthat something isarbitrary
basedon chance rather仸意的；随机的；随心所欲的than beingplannedor based on reasonautomatically
自动地If a machine ordoes it independently, withoutdevicedoes something automatically, ithumancontrol .complement
combining with itto make something?增色elseseembetter or moreattractivewhen补充；补足；使完善；为contemporary
当代的；现代的existingor happeningnowcontradiction
be wrong矛盾the fact of something being thesomething else or very different from somethingcompleteoppositeofelse , so that one of them mustcrucial
extremely货important至关重要的；关键的；决定性的or necessary货币，通currency
the money that is used in a particular country at a particular timedeviation
偏离；偏差the action of departing from an established
courseor accepted standard
displacement
the situation inplace where they normally live, orfull of action and excitement被迫移居他乡which people are forced to leave thedramatic
very sudden骤然的；戏剧性的；激动人心or noticeable的especiallyeventually
in the end,after alongtime or a lotof effort , problems , etc.最终，终于exploitation
开发利用the use of something inorderto get an advantagefrom itguidelinesinformation intended to advise people on how something should be doneor what something should be指导方针；指导原则；准则inevitably
不可避免地in a way that cannot beavoidedinfrastructure
as transportin order to基础设施the basic systems, that aand power supplieswork effectivelyand services, suchcountryor organizationusesinspection
the检查；视察actof lookingat somethingcarefully , or anofficialabuilding or organizationto check that everything iscorrect and legalvisit tointensity
the quality强烈；剧烈of beingfelt strongly or having a verystrongeffectminimised
toreduce something to the least使降到最低限度；使减到最少possible levelor amountoffsetto balanceno great difference补偿；抵消；弥补oneinfluenceas aresultagainst an opposinginfluence, so that there ispredominantly
占主导地位地；占mostly or mainly显着地绝大多数地；
prospectthe possibility that something good might happen in the
future（发生好事情的）可能，可能性，机会earlier good conditionorrestoreto return something or someone to anposition修复；使复位；使复职revision
a change that is made to something, or the修正过的；经过修改的study of work you have done, in复习；温习order to prepare for anprocessof doing thisexamschedulea list of planned activities or things to be done计划showingthe timesor dates when they are intended to happen or be done
表；日程安排表tensiona feelingof nervousnessbefore animportantor difficultevent（精神上的）紧张，焦虑，焦急termination
终止；停止the act of ending something or the end of somethingtherebyas a result of this因此，由此；从而actionvehiclea machine , usually with wheels and an engine , used forpeople or goods on land , especially on roads transporting（陆上）交通工具；车辆；机动车viagoing through or经由；通过stoppingat a place on the way to anotherplacevirtually
almost几乎；实际上；实质上visualrelating to seeing视觉的；视力的
List Seventeenaccommodation住处；工作场所；停留处a place to live , work , stay , etc. inanalogous类似的comparable in certain respects, typically in a
waywhich makes clearer the nature of the things comparedbehalfrepresenting代表（某人）；作为（某人）的代表；代替（某人）ceasesto stop something停止，中止coherence连贯性the quality of being logical and consistentcoincideto happen at or near the same time（几乎）同时发生commenced开始；着手to begin somethingincompatible
because of
not able to exist or work with another谐相处的personor thingbasicdifferences不相容的；不兼容的；不能和devicean object or machine that has been invented for a particular purpose器械装置，devotedextremely loving and loyal挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的erosionthe process of eroding or being eroded by wind,water, or other natural agents侵蚀；削弱format
a pattern , plan , or arrangement
