2024年3月7日发(作者：)
高级英语
Translation
1、晚会正进行得炽热的时候，警察闯了进来。〔in full tide〕
The party was in full tide when the police burst in.
2、在公开场合取笑同事根本谈不上是幽默。〔poke〕
It isn't polite to poke fun at your colleagues in public.
3、他认为因为有权就可以享受财富和特权是根本不可理喻的。〔by
virtue of〕
He believes that it's unreasonable for some people to enjoy wealth and
privilege by virtue of power.
4、面对失却多年的瑰宝，泪水涌上了他的眼眶。〔well up〕
At the sight of the treasure lost for ages, tears welled up in his eyes.
5、我自己还没有看过，不过大家都认为这是一部好片子。〔suppose〕
I haven't seen it myself, but it is supposed to be a really good movie.
6、倘假设睡眠不足的话，没人能够正常生活。〔deprive〕
No one can function properly if they are deprived of adequate sleep.
7、紧张的工作使得人们不再有忧虑和愉悦的空闲。〔room〕
The intensity of work leaves little room for personal grief and pleasure.
8、真正的以学生为中心的教学应该让学生在课堂上畅所欲言。〔freely and without reserve〕
The inviolate learner-centered teaching is to let students speak out in
class freely and without reserve.
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9、假设你去英国度假，那么你在与天气打赌。〔take the chance〕
You take the chance on the weather if you holiday in the UK.
10、据报道，与海外华人的捐赠相比，国内富足一族为慈善事业掏出的钱少得可怜。〔pitifully〕
It is reported that what the rich at home have contributed to charity is
pitifully insignificant, compared with the donations made by the
overseas Chinese.
11、这个月开销很大，不过下个月我们会有更多的进账，所以这阶段的收支会平衡得很好的。〔balance out〕
It seems a lot to spend this month, but we will get in a lot more next
month, so it'll balance out over the period.
12、她想出了一个绝妙的主意来劝说老板给她双份工资。〔come up
with〕
She's come up with a brilliant idea to persuade her boss to double her
income.
13、他匆忙地伸手去接 ，却打翻了茶杯。〔reach for sth.〕
He hurriedly reached for the phone and knocked over the glass.
14、到处都在大规模地建造摩天大楼，那似乎是经济发展的标识，但将导致对建筑艺术的破坏。〔on an epic scale〕
Skyscrapers have been erected on an epic scale everywhere as a sign of
economic development, but it shall result in architectural vandalism.
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15、没有必要装出一副受到伤害的表情——是你理亏。〔put on〕
There's no need to put on that injured expression — you're in the
wrong.
16、他几十年前做的许多预测现在都被印证了。〔turn out〕
Many of his predictions made decades ago have turned out to be true
now.
Explain the italicized part
1) ..., but my mother reminded me for the umpteenth time that
dining car food always cost too much money ...
for numerous times; for countless times
2) In fact, my first trip to Washington was a mobile feast.
a large enjoyable meal on the train
3) My parents wouldn't speak of this injustice, not because they
had contributed to it.
had partially caused
4) It was a high, reiterated cry of "Ram! Ram! Ram! Ram!" ...
say or do sth. again or repeatedly
5) ... and in two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be
gone — one mind less, one world less.
we will lose a man who can also think and reason like us, and who
is also a unique individual like each of us
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6) There was virtually nothing on love in general.
in fact or to all purposes; practically
7) This stunning young woman had pulled me through.
saved me out of the difficult situation
8) One of the first things I tried to get across was the importance
of touching.
communicate and make understood
9) No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well
as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed
the house.
No man admires more than I do the patriotism and abilities of
the noble gentlemen who have just delivered speeches to the
house.
10) And in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be
the freedom of the debate.
appropriately in agreement with
11) I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop.
I am shocked to find that the problem is getting more and more
serious.
12) They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat
less frequently.
believe in Christianity and are members of the Christian
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churches
13) Did you make a completely wild guess ...
a simply groundless prediction far from being correct
14) He had come up with a resourceful way ...
discovered
15) I think it's wrong to confuse dullness with length.
to think that what is long is necessarily dull
16) You have to go out of your way to look for really glaring
examples.
make extra efforts
17) If everybody does it, it must be right.
he is justified to do it
18) If that is so, then they have a wrong notion of what the real,
the ultimate, security is.
cannot afford to understand
Explain the following sentences
1) I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting a life
short when it is in full tide.
I found the inexplicable injustice that was being done in putting
to an end a prisoner's life, which was still in its prime.
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2) One felt an impulse to sing, to break into a run, to snigger.
People had a strong desire to sing, to run and to snigger (after
the hanging was over).
3) Her animated expression and warm smile were an invitation for
me to go on.
Her vivid expression and tender smile encouraged me to
continue my lecture.
4) His father's eyes welled up with tears as he muttered.
Tears rolled down his father's cheeks as he spoke in a quiet
voice.
5) This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is
one of awful moment to this country.
This is not a time for formalities; this is a time for a prompt
decision and immediate actions.
The question the house is faced with is an issue of vital
importance to this country.
6) Different men often see the same object in different lights.
The same object may be observed and judged from different
perspectives by different people.
7) And persona, as opposed to social decency, doesn't count for
much.
What's more, how a person appears or actually is, in contrast to
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public morality, amounts to almost nothing.
8) These two examples exhibit a paradox of our age.
These two examples illustrate the seemingly self-contradicting
situation, i.e. while social morality is growing, private morality is
declining.
Answer the following questions
Unit 1
1) Why does the author think Washington D.C. is the fabled and
famous capital of her country?
Washington D.C. is known to all for its special position, as capital
of the nation. The author, like many children who had never been
to Washington D.C. before, could have only learned about it
through story telling, as if it were a place existing in fables.
2) What is the implication of the author's phrase "a mobile feast"?
A mobile feast implies a large quantity and variety of food in a
box including two roasted chickens, packed slices of brown
bread and butter, green pepper and carrot sticks, a spice bun
and rock-cakes, iced cakes and tea, sweet pickles, dill pickles,
and peaches, which were prepared by their mother for them to
eat on their way to Washington D.C.
3) What impresses you most after reading the author's description
of her mother?
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She must be kind, prudent, responsible, considerate and caring
for her family.
4) How did the author's family lodge in Washington D.C. ?
The lodged in one large room with two double beds, in a
back-street hotel that belonged to a friend of her father's who
was in real estate.
5) Why did the author always hate the Fourth of July?
She had long before realized the national day celebration in her
country was nothing but mockery for the Black people. As a
black girl, she was in that silent agony that characterized all of
her childhood summers. Apparently she hated the Fourth of
July, but in essence, what agonized her was the racial
discrimination and segregation.
6) How did the waitress feel when she said something
dishonorable to the author's father?
The waitress dropped her eyes looking very embarrassed.
7) What can you infer from the author's words "as if we had never
been Black before"?
Discrimination against the blacks had been a long-established,
deep-rooted and widespread practice in the country. Being black
simply meant mistreatment. Therefore, the unfair treatment
they received at Breyer's was not surprising at all; as blacks
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they should have expected this and had no reason to feel
shocked and indignant.
8) To what extent did the color white antagonize the author?
We can perceive the author's antagonism from such
descriptions as the white waitress, the white counter, the white
ice cream, and the white pavement, the white stone monuments,
and the white heat in Washington D.C., all of which made her
sick to her stomach for the whole rest of that trip. In a word, it
was the racial discrimination suggested by the dazzling color,
white, that drove the author mad.
Unit 4
1) What made the author regain confidence after moments of panic
in his first class?
Liani's animated, attentive expression and warm smile made the
author regain confidence.
2) Why did the author feel he was pulled through by the stunning
young woman?
He felt so because she was radiating to the whole class her
comforting feeling, which facilitated his lecture.
3) How did the author assess Liani's papers and personality?
She wrote her papers with creativity, sensitivity and a delicate
sense of humor, and acted with such fine qualities as caring,
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tenderness, and awareness.
4) What was quoted from Albert Schweitzer? Why?
"We are all so much together and yet we are all dying of
loneliness" was quoted because it aptly describes the situation
the students were in: They sat in the same class but showed no
concern for each other, i.e. they were all lonely individuals.
5) Why did the author decide to teach a course on love? How did
he conduct the class?
The author thought he ought to teach students how to live in joy,
how to feel loved, and how to have a sense of personal worth and
dignity. So he decided to initiate a course on love. The course
was named Love Class, in which the author served as a
facilitator, and the students and teacher taught one another
and learned together sharing their reading, their ideas, and
their experiences.
6) To what extent was Love Class welcomed?
Love Class was so warmly welcomed that the students brought
their mothers, fathers, sisters, brothers, friends, husbands,
wives, and even grandparents to the class, which started at 7
p.m. and often continued until well past midnight.
7) What was practiced in the author's class so as to learn to love
and to feel loved?
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In order to learn to love and to feel loved, they were performing
such practices as physical touching — hugging and handshaking,
giving love greetings to parents, helping disabled children,
visiting the aged in nursing homes, volunteering to work on
suicide hot lines, and so on.
8) What did Joel do after taking Love Class?
Joel, one of the students in Love Class, would go to visit a dying
old woman in the nursing home every week. The day of his visit
was called Joel's Day by the ward-mates, when she and others
in the ward were well dressed up to show their courage of life
and desire for love.
9) In what way did Love Class affect the varsity football player?
At first he felt especially uncomfortable with the assignment of
thanking his parents, and had difficulty expressing his love. It
took a great deal of courage and determination for him to walk
into the living room, raise his dad from the chair and hug him
warmly, saying "I love you, Dad."
10) Why did the author cite the pork chops case?
By citing the example, the author attempts to illustrate the
point that sharing joy with people is one of the things love is.
11) What has the author learned from Liani?
Without Liani, the author would have probably remained an
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indifferent man with little concern about the vulnerable human
beings behind the masks. But now that Liani presented him with
the challenge, she had given him the impetus to learn about and
teach love, a must for everyone.
Unit 8
1) Why did the author decide on a one-question quiz in the
interview?
The author, on the one hand, intended to find out how intelligent
the interviewee might be; on the other hand, he was tired of the
cliché in questioning candidates during interviews.
2) What does the author suggest as the best solution to the quiz
question?
The best solution is to risk an approximation since there isn't
enough information for you to come up with an exactly correct
answer.
3) What does the solution to such quiz questions mean to business
or creativity?
It means a great deal for business or creativity as we
frequently need to make decisions when full information does
not exist.
4) What do scientists call such questions as cannonball falling
speed, numbers of phone stores and piano tuners, etc.? Why?
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They call them Fermi problems, named after Enrico Fermi, a
Nobel Prize winner. He used such problems to teach his
students how to make an approximation when relevant
information is inadequate.
5) What did the pattern of the hottest rays in the microwave oven
look like? How did Mason find it out?
It looked like a mushroom cloud. He had followed a smart way,
watching unpopped popcorn kernels in the microwave oven, to
approximate the hot spots for cooking instead of using
scientifically sophisticated testing equipment.
6) Can you make a generalization of the approach to
decision-making discussed and illustrated in the text?
In decision-making, when the necessary relevant information is
not available, guessing becomes inevitable. Smart guessing, i.e.
guessing based on approximations is recommended in such
circumstances, and it may often, if not always, prove to be
effective and fruitful.
Unit 12
1) What conclusion can be drawn after reading the first three
paragraphs?
With two examples cited in these paragraphs we can draw the
conclusion that private morality seems to be declining while
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social morality is seemingly growing.
2) How does the author explain "private morality"?
It is a sense of the supreme importance of purely personal
honor, honesty, and integrity.
3) What can the author be sure of if there isn't really enough
evidence that personal dishonesty is more prevalent than it always
was?
The author is quite sure of the fact that there exists in society
an interesting tendency to accept and take for granted such
personal dishonesty.
4) How does a college student react when caught cheating?
He does not even blush for he is so indifferent to the popular
behavior that he thinks it will hurt no one.
5) Is there any ground for the statement "Everybody does it, and
besides, I can't see that it really hurts anyboby"? Why?
No. The first part of the defense, "Everybody does it," cannot
hold water because one should be ashamed of it even though it
is not yet anything wicked; nor does the second part, "it really
doesn't hurt anybody," since it does hurt the self-respect of
the individual, the bribe-taker or the cheater.
6) Why is the argument that "playing the game" as the gentlemen
was supposed to play it not enough to make a decent society?
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The argument is sound, but not enough because it is unsupported
by the concept of personal honor only to result inevitably in a
corrupt society.
7) What is the author's attitude towards money, power, or fame?
Money, power, or fame is something outside oneself. One is by
no means secure unless he possesses and depends on himself.
8) How dialectical is the author in terms of the relationship
between one's integrity and participation in the group activity?
On the one hand, the author insists that one should possess
himself, which means self-reliance, self-respect, and
self-dignity. On the other hand, "participation in the group," or
"team spirit" as is called now, is also of paramount importance.
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