2024年1月17日发(作者：)
托福听力讲座类题型考点综合分析
【备考基础】托福听力讲座类题型考点综合分析
托福听力讲座类常考学科介绍
托福听力讲座场景官方指南给出46个学科，实际上讲座内容多学科交叉出现的趋势越来越明显，艺术学、生命科学、天文学比、历史较常考。
新托福听力考试讲座部分则是还原真实上课情景，内容都牵涉到了各个学科，文理兼备。如生物学、地理学、地质学、天文学、环境、文学、艺术、人类学等等。
托福听力讲座类需要背景知识积累吗?
有关的这些内容中，有许多考生陌生的单词以及知识点，但考试根本不要求大家具备相应的背景知识，掌握了基本的单词和表达方式就能理解文章大意。通常关键的术语都会在文章里用各种方式出现相应的解释。但必须要注意在平日里积累更多方面的课外知识无疑能对做题会很有好处。
托福听力讲座类考查内容分析
托福听力的讲座部分模拟的是在英语课堂上上课的情景，由于讲座经常涉及专业知识，所以难度比对话部分要大。从考查内容来说，讲座部分的取材主要是来自于以下四类学科：文学艺术、生命科学、物理科学和社会科学。考生可以通过分类练习大量真题来熟悉和掌握常考的话题，并从中学习与这四类学科常相关的高频词汇。
从内容来看，讲座大致有五种类型，分别是概念描述类、问题解答类、理论演变类、对比类和时间顺序类。每一种类型都有各自的考查重点。
托福听力讲座类题型构成一览
每一个讲座之后会出现六道题。和对话部分一样，讲座部分通常会有一道题是主旨题，考查讲座的主要目的和内容;还有一道题是重听题，考查教授或者学生为什么说某一句话;中间的四道题通常为细节题，一般考查讲座中多次重复并解释的概念、教授举例的目的、教授和学生的互动以及教授的最后总结。
托福听力每日一练lecture原文
演讲听写训练 1
Wele to the Forewinds historical farm where traditions
of the past are preserved for visitors like you. Today
our master thatchers will begin giving this barn
behind me a sturdy thatched roof able to withstand
heavy wind and last to 100 years. How do they do it?
Well, in a nutshell, thatching involves covering the
beams or rafters, the wooden skeleton of the roof,
with reeds or straw. Our thatchers here have harvested
their own natural materials for the job the bundles of
water reeds you see lying over there beside the barn.
Thatching is certainly unmon in the United States
today. I guess that's why so many of you have e to see
this demonstration. But it wasn't always that way. In
the 17th century, the colonists here thatched their
roofs with reeds and straw just as they'd done in
England. After a while though they began to replace
the thatch with wooden shingles because woods were so
plentiful. And eventually other roofing materials like
stone, slate and clay tiles came into use. It's a real
shame that most people today don't realize how strong
and long-lasting a thatched roof is. In Ireland where
thatching is still practiced, the roof can survive
winds up to 110 miles per hour. That's because straw
and reeds are so flexible they bend but don't break in
the wind like other materials can. Another advantage
is that the roofs keep the house cool in the summer
and warm in the winter. And then of course there's the
roof's longevity. The average is 60 years but they can
last up to 100. With all these reasons to start
thatching roofs again, wouldn't it be wonderful to see
this disappearing craft return to popularity?
演讲听写训练 2
A lot of people in the United States are coffee
drinkers. Over the last few years, a trend has been
developing to introduce premium specially blended
coffees known as gourmet coffees into the America
market. Boston seems to have been the birthplace of
this trend. In fact major gourmet coffee merchants
from other cities like Seattle, San Francisco, came to
Boston where today they are engaged in a kind of
coffee war with Boston's merchants. They are all
peting for a significant share of the gourmet coffee
market. Surprisingly the petition among these leading
gourmet coffee businesses will not hurt any of them.
Experts predict that the gourmet coffee market in the
United States is growing and will continue to grow to
the point that gourmet coffee will soon capture a half
of what is now a 1.5 million-dollar market and will be
an eight million dollar market by 1999. Studies have
shown that coffee drinkers who convert to gourmet
coffee seldomgo back to the regular brands found in
supermarkets. As a result these brands will be the
real losers in the gourmet coffee petition.
演讲听写训练 3
You may remember that a few weeks ago we discussed the
question of what photography is. Is it art or is it a
method of reproducing images? Does photograph belong
to museum or just in our homes? Today I want to talk
about a person who tried to make his professional life
an answer to such questions. Alfred Stieglitz went
from the United States to Germany to study engineering.
While he was there he became interested in photography
and began to experiment with his camera. He to ok
pictures under conditions that most photographers
considered too difficult. He took them at night, in
the rain and of people and objects reflected in
windows. When he returned to the United States he
continued this revolutionary effort. Stieglitz was the
first person to photograph skyscrapers, clouds and
views from an airplane. What Stieglitz was trying to
do in his photographs was what he tried to do
throughout his lifemake photography an art. He thought
that photography could be just as beautiful a form of
self-expression as painting or drawing. For Stieglitz,
his camera was his brush. While many photographers in
the late 1800s and early 1900s thought of their work
as a reproduction of identical images, Stieglitz saw
his as creative art form. He understood the power of
the camera to capture the moment. In fact he never
retouched his prints or made copies of them. If you
are in this class from today, I'm sure you'd say: Well,
painters don't normally make extra copies of their
paintings, do they?
托福听力每日一练lecture原文
演讲听写训练 1
Wele to Everglade National Park. The Everglade is a
watery plain covered with saw grass that's home to
numerous species of plants and wild life. And one and
a half million acre is too big to see it all today,
but this tour will offer you a good sampling. Our tour
bus will stop first at Tailor Slue. This is a good
place to start because it is home to many plants and
animals typically associated with The Everglade. You
will see many exotic birds and of course the world
famous alligators. Don't worry there's a border walk
that goes across the marsh so you can look down at the
animals in the water from a safe distance. The border
walk is high enough to give you a great view of saw
grass quarry. From there we'll head for some other
marshy and even jungle-like areas that feature
wonderful tropical plant life. For those of you who'd
like a closer view of saw grass quarry, you might
consider running a canoe sometime during your visit
here. However don't do this unless you have a very
good sense of direction and can negotiate your way
through tall grass. We hate to have to e looking for
you. You have a good fortune of being here in winter,
the best time of the year to visit. During the spring
and summer, the mosquitoes were just about to eat you
alive. Right now they are not so bothersome but you
will still want to use insect repellent.
演讲听写训练 2
Thank you. It's great to see so many of you interested
in this series on survival in outer space. Please
excuse the cameras. We are being video taped for the
local TV stations. Tonight I'm going to talk about the
most basic aspect of survival: the space suit. When
most of you imagine an astronaut, that's probably the
first thing that es to mind. right? Well, without
space suit it will not be possible for us to survive
in the space. For example, outer space is a vacuum.
There's no gravity or air pressure. Without protection,
a body would explode. What's more, we cook in the sun
or freeze in the shade with temperatures ranging from
a toasty 300 degrees above to a cool 300 degrees below
zero Fahrenheit. The space suit that NASA has
developed is truly a marvel. This photo enlarges men
there is a life image of actual size space suit worn
by astronaut on the last space shuttle mission. This
part is the torso. It is made from seven extremely
durable layers. This thick insulation protects against
temperature extremes and radiation. Next is what they
call a bladder of oxygen. That's inflatable sack
filled with oxygen to simulate atmospheric pressure.
This blathered presses against the body the same force
as the earth atmosphere at sea level. The innermost
layers provide liquid cooling and ventilation. Despite
all the layers, the suit is flexible allowing free
movement so we can work. Another really sophisticated
part of the space suit is the helmet. I brought one
along to show you. Can I have a volunteer to e and
demonstrate?
演讲听写训练 3
Good evening. My name is Pan Joans and on behalf of
modern dance club, I'd like to wele you to tonight's
program. The club is pleased to present the TV version
of the Catherine Wheel, Twyla Tharp's rock ballet.
This video version of the ballet has been even more
successful with audiences than the original theater
production. It includes some animations; slow motion
and stop action phrases that really help the audiences
understand the dance. The title of the piece refers to
Saint Catherine who died on a Wheel in 307 AD.
Nowadays a Catharine wheel is also a kind of fireworks
that looks something like a pinwheel. Anyway the dance
is certainly full of fireworks. You'll see how Twyla
Tharp explores one family's attempt to confront the
violence in modern life. The central symbol of the
work is a pineapple, but exactly what it represents
has always created a lot of controversy. As you watch
see if you can figure it out. The music for this piece
is full of the rhythmic energy of the rock music. It
was posed by David Burn of the rock band Talking Head.
And the lead dancer in this version was Sara Radener
who is perfectly suited to Tharp's adventurous
choreography. Following the video, dance teacher Mary
Parker will lead the discussion about symbolism Mr.
Tharp used. We hope you can stay for that. So enjoy
tonight's video and thank you for your support.
