2024年1月9日发(作者：)
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
I. 大学英语四级听力短对话理解
（2003-2009年真题统计）
短对话长度：17-53个词
题型分类： 1.细节题 近27%
2.推断题 近73%
对话场景：日常生活、校园生活、职场工作、住房搬迁、饮食健康、气候环境和
旅游交通等。
重点内容：言外之意
提问方式：What can we learn about the woman/John…from the conversation?
What does the man mean/imply?
What does the woman suggest the man do?
常考句式类型
类型一：部分考
例题：
W：How did your interview go?
M：I couldn't feel better about it! The questions were very fair and I
seemed to find answers for all of them.
Q：How does the man feel about the interview?
类型二：转折：But句式。(第二人的答语中，but是考点)
例题：
A：Is the rescue crew still looking for survivals of the plane crash?
B：Yes, they have been searching the area for hours, but they haven't
found anybody else. They'll keep searching until night falls.
Q：What do we learn from this conversation?
此题答案应为：
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
No more survivors have been found.
类型三：建议句式。(关键句型引出考点)
例题：
M：This machine has so many buttons. I can't figure out which one makes
it run.
W：You'd better read the instructions first. Pressing the buttons randomly
may cause the machine to break down.
Q：According to the woman, what should the man do first?
A. Read the instructions first.
分析：这种题型数量虽多，但是句型相对固定。熟悉以下三类句型就会做到事半功倍，特别是在语速快的情况下，更要把握住下列句型后出现的句子，那里常常是考查点，多是建议功能。
第一类：固定句式。how about, what about, what if, you'd better,
why not, why
第二类：反问句。 Wouldn't it ? Hadn't you ? Can't
?
第三类：一般疑问句。Have ? be better?
类型四：If I were you句式。(建议或虚拟)
例题：
M：I hope I won't sleep over. I've simply got to catch the first flight to New
York.
W：If I were you, I'd request the wake-up call from the hotel reception.
Q：What does the woman advise the man to do?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
If I were you引导的句子为考核中心，其隐含着提建议或表虚拟的意思。另外If only(要是„„就好了)也有异曲同工之妙。
再如：
M：Hey, I heard you bought a parrot.
W：That's right. Now if I could only get it to talk.
Q：What does the woman want to do?
A. Teach the parrot to talk.
类型五："明确肯定"句式。(答语肯定语气明显)
例题：
M：You are looking a little overwhelmed.
W：Exactly. You know, I've got millions of things to do, and all of them
have to be finished within 3hours.
Q：What does the woman mean?
分析：M往往是肯定句，W是以一个短词开头(同意还是不同意M的观点一听便知)，W中的长句起着介绍说明的作用。答案的特点就是找与M的话意思相近，但表述不同的句子。如例题M中You are looking a little
overwhelmed.的不同表述就是答案：She's been kept extremely busy.在交际中，对前一句起着确认作用的短句有：
you are right，all right，I know，that's right，sure, To me it was, certainly
类型六："鼓励安慰对方"句式(态度真诚)
例题：
M：Though we didn't win the game , we were satisfied with our
performance.
W：You did a good job，you almost beat the world champions.
Q：What do we learn from this conversation?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
A. They both feel good about the results of the game.
分析：第一个人的话里表达了不太如意的一面，常带有否定词，而第二个人的话多以鼓励或劝慰的小短句开头。
如：Don't worry；
I have the same feeling with you；
Take it easy；
It's OK！
Don't be upset！
I know you can do it；
Come on！It doesn't matter；
Don't blame yourself！
You deserve it！
这些短语蕴含的言外之意就是“别紧张、别急”，我们对你有信心。后面还伴有相应的长句，往往起补充说明的作用，所以答案里面一定会出现表示肯定意义的词汇。
类型七：口语小短句(不懂真要命)
例题：
M：Er，it looks like I'm going to be a little late for class. I hope Prof. Clark
doesn't start on time today.
W：Are you kidding ? You can set your watch by the time he starts his
class.
Q：What can we infer about Prof. Clark?
分析：第一个人的话不难，第二个人的话越听越糊涂。如果把握住小短句的言外之意就不怕了。Are you kidding? 意味着对第一个人的话语进行否- 4 -
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
定，例题中也就是说Prof. Clark will not be late,答案He is always punctual
for his class.就是正确选项。
与之相反，you can say that again; you bet I am; you said it; isn't it
though?(可不是嘛！)；of course，等小短句的背后，多半是表示对前一句的肯定。这些技巧的掌握，有利于解决长难句的听力问题。
类型八：比较和顺序句式(一锤定音)
例题一：
W：I thought Tom said he got A in all his tests.
M：Mary, you should know better than to take Tom's words too seriously.
Q：What are they talking about?
例题二：
M：You know, the Browns have invested all their money in stocks.
W：They may think that's a wise move, but that's the last thing I'd do.
Q：What's the man's opinion about the Browns' investment?
正确答案是：He doesn't think the Browns' investment is a wise move.
类型九：重复反问句式
例题：
M：Can't we slow down? I'm tired.
W：Slow down? Don't you realized how late we are going to be?
Q：What does the woman mean?
类型十："所答非所问"句式(跟你绕个小圈子)
例题
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A. They aren't going to be on time.
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
W：I just made a jar of jam this morning and now I can't find it anywhere.
M：Did you hear a crash? That was it. I'm just as clumsy as ever.
Q：What is the problem?
以上是近年来，出现频率较高的言外之意题型。通过对上述十种类型的分析，相信同学们心里大概也有了一定的了解。再附上两条应对此类听力题的建议，仅供参考：
第一，由于弦外之音的判断十分复杂，平时在复习时要做到精听，就是要大家能准确听出个别词的读音及词义，不懂的地方要一遍一遍地听，直到听懂为止。这样有助于大家发现个体差异(连读问题？还是个别词不熟悉？词组没听出来？俚语不懂？)，然后对症下药。简单的泛听，只能是培养语流和语调，难免有囫囵吞枣之嫌。
第二，听力考试中要集中精力，一旦有个别词没听懂，不要费时去猜，要尽可能结合场景和语气，做到对整体的把握。
短对话场景：
场景一：校园生活学习
人物：同学间、师生间
内容：课程、论文、读书、考试、学习、课余生活、图书馆
常用词汇、短语
1. 图书馆
librarian, author, borrow, renew(续借), overdue(过期)，fine罚金,catalogue, reference book, document, journal, novel
2．选修课程
presentation , semester , biology 生物学
term 英国英语, registration , course 课程, class permit 听课证
optional course 选修课, literature class 文学课
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
3. 听课
professor 教授
lecturer 讲师
briefing 剪报
barely stay awake 几乎不能保持清醒
extra copies 多余的篇子
presentation 陈述，解释，示范
complicated 复杂
informative 信息量大
mission 任务，使命
4．演说
nervous 紧张的
calm 平静的
contest 比赛
contestant 参赛选手
a large audience 一大群观众 talk of the town 镇上谈论的焦点
shaking all over 浑身发抖
beyond me
5．阅读
reading assignment 阅读任务
selectively 有选择地
theory 理论
plot 情节
not a big deal 不是什么大不了的事情
chapter by chapter 一章一章地
read through 从头到尾地读
cover a few chapters 涉及了几个章节 intensively 精细地
character 人物角色
6．写文
typing errors 打字错误
quality paper 打印纸
proofread 校对
7．考试
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revise 修订
get it published 出版
paragraph 段落
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
final exam 期末考试
mid-term 期中考试
stay up 熬夜
fail 不及格，失败
results (pl) 分数
release 发布（分数）
two sleepless nights credit
场景二：职场工作
1．面试
interview, finance, suit, accounting, tie, brush up on 温习，复习
resume, working experience, hand in 上交 , travel 出差
annual vacation 年假, job-hunt, turn down, application form, promote,
overwork, complain, make a decision, routine,
2．收发邮件
email , attachment 附件 ,log in 登录, forward the mail to 把邮件转发给
log off 登出,
3．开会和约会
必备词汇表
appointment , move on to 继续 ,confirm 确认, the next item 下一议题个
cancel , presentation ,come in one’s place 代表某人来, replace 取代
on behalf of 代表
场景三：娱乐
1．看戏
Global theatre 环球剧院
Grand theatre 大剧院
drama 戏剧
impressive 令人印象深刻的
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
too dramatic to be true 太假了 audience 观众
play the boss 扮演老板
the greatest hit 大片
appreciate 欣赏
2．体育活动
basketball season 篮球赛季 tennis 网球
camping 野营
jogging 慢跑
fishing 钓鱼
3．旅游
scenery 风景
lawn 草地
Greek style 希腊风格
museum 博物馆
statue 塑像
badminton 羽毛球
performance 表现
keep fit 保持健康
out of the way 太远了
a long queue 长队
sold out 卖完了
column 柱子
场景四：购物
1．采购衣服
size 型号 come in all sizes 号全
2．采购电器
model 款 discount 折扣
latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 减少
场景五：吃饭
1．评点餐馆
必备词汇表
Italian restaurant 意大利餐馆 popular 受人喜爱的
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
environment 环境 crowded 拥挤的
2．饮食健康
fast food, French fries, on diet 节食 dessert 甜点
contain 含有 salad 沙拉
steak 牛排
场景六：居住
1．电话询问租房信息
inquire about 询问 furnished （公寓）带家具的
apartment 公寓（美国英语） double-bedroom 两室的
flat 公寓（英国英语）
2．买房
必备词汇表
brochure 册子 house developer 房产开发商
场景七：交通
1．飞机
flight 航班 wait for further notice 等候进一步通知
gate 登机口 seat belt 安全带
minor mechanical errors 轻微的机械故障 terminal 候机大厅
sign 标志
2．小汽车
parking lot 停车场 maintain 保养
break down 抛锚 garage 修车场
scratches 刮蹭 highway 高速公路
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
single lane 单行道 No-parking sign 禁止停车标志
3．公交
bus stop 车站 passengers 乘客
crowded 拥挤的
4．火车
sleeper 卧铺 be supposed to 应该
view 景色 scenery 景色
场景八：疾病
a cold 感冒 dizzy 头晕
a fever 发烧 exhausted 筋疲力尽的
have the ankle twisted 扭到脚踝 appetite 胃口
high blood pressure 高血压 blood vessel 血管
场景九：天气
cloud over 天阴起来 sweat 出汗
clear up 天晴起来 swing 不稳定,极端
weather forecast 天气预报 coupled 伴有强风
freezing 非常冷
场景十：人际关系
hear from 听到某人消息 get along 与……相处
be mad with 对某人生气 get in touch with 和……联系
四级对话中常涉及的人物关系包括：
夫妻(husband — wife) 父子(father — son)
母子(mother — son) 师生(teacher — student)
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
同学(schoolmate/ classmate) 同事(colleague)
老板与秘书(boss — secretary) 雇主与雇员(employer — employee)
医生与病人(doctor — patient) 服务员与顾客(waiter/waitress—customer)
主人与客人(host/hostess — guest) 警察与司机(policeman — driver)
管理员与借阅者(librarian — reader) 房东与租房者(landlord/landlady — tenant)
场景词汇
交通运输场景
fare 车票 license 驾照 rush hours 高峰时间 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超车 one way street 单行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罚单 fine 罚金 fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 motor way 机动车道 super way 飞机机动车道 free way 免费高速公路交通工具（出现频率从高到低） plane / train（女） / bus / bike（女） / walk（女） / taxi （女）：女生比较喜欢 tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 环线 subway（美） / underground （英） 地铁 metro 地道 overhead 轻轨 flyover 人行天桥 maglev 磁悬浮
电话场景
mobile phone 手机 pay phone 公用电话 telephone box/booth 电话亭 yellow page 黄页 dial （拨电话号码） / press （按电话号码） extension 分机 operator 总机 put through 接通 wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有- 12 -
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
这个人 is not in 不在？ hold on 不要挂断，稍等 take/leave a message 留言 hang up / get off 挂断 credit call 记账式电话 bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话 collect call 对方付费电话
机场场景
plane / craft 飞机 book 订票 timetable 时间表 destination 目的地票机 open ticket one way ticket 单 non-stop / direct flight 直航程票 round trip ticket 来回转经 transfer / lay over / stop over
头等 / 商务 / first / business / economy cabin
济 舱 confirm the flight 确认航班 check in 登记 boarding card 登机牌 security check 安检 see off 送行送别时的祝语 keep in touch 保持联系 safe landing 安全着陆 board 登机 take off 起飞 departure 离港 safety / sect belt 安全带
land 着陆 arrival 进港 pick up 接机
公司场景
job vacancy 有空缺职位 letter of application 求职信 resume 简历 resume包括几部分 basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作经验 certificates and honors， interview 面试 offer 聘用信 work experience 工作经验 work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加钱 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus奖金 allowance 津贴 annual income 年收入 promotion 升职 fire 解雇 resign 辞职 work / job / career / course 工作 post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小） holiday 假日，假期 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病- 13 -
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 离开一会
租房场景
live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可销售的房子 for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金 utilities 公用事业费 location 位置 suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 condition 住房条件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 无装修 leaking 漏水 blackout 断电 environment 环境 transportation 交通 land lord 房东 land lady 房东太太 tenant 房客 roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，细心的不好考试~大的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的
医院场景
see a doctor 去医院看医生 send for a doctor 让医生出诊 health center / clinic 卫生所 / 门诊部 physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医 make an appointment 预约 emergency 急诊 check up / exam 检查 cold（感冒）—— flu （流感） —— headache （头痛）—— sore throat（嗓子痛）—— fever（发烧）—— toothache（牙疼） —— stomachache （胃疼） prescribe 开药方 pill / tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水 injection => shot 注射 operation 手术 medical result 诊断结果
邮局场景
post / send / mail 寄
letter / mail 信
regular mail 平信
parcel / package包裹
registered mail 挂号信
airmail 航空信
telegram / cable 电报 rate 费率
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
overweight 超重
email 电子邮件
forward 转发
postage 邮资
reply 回复
cc（carbon copy） 抄送
bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送 subject 主题 attach 附件
其他
closed 关门 open 开门 office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关 power on / off 开/关 turn on / off 开/关 switch on / off 开/ 关（ 这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯 cheers propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的书 the best thing 最好的事情 the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意见的人 best seller 畅销 sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄 sell out卖完，卖光 售罄 / 出卖朋友或原则 sell off 低价处理库存商品 selling machine 自动售货机 selling point 卖点 count the days 渴望 count on = dependent / rely on count in 把……考虑在内 count for nothing 一钱不值 count for little 无足轻重 count for much 举足轻重 count down 倒计时 count up 相加 count up to
熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语。
表示赞成：approve, agree, share, prefer, wise, reasonable, favorable
表示反对：disapprove, disagree, unwise, ridiculous, foolish, childish
表示赞赏：admire，appreciate，think much of, think highly of
表示喜欢：love, enjoy, wonderful，fascinating, funny, be fond of, be keen on
表示厌烦：dislike, bored/ boring, be tired of
表示关心：concerned, careful, care about
表示怨恨或生气：hate, hatred, angry, anger, initiated
表示害怕或担心：fearful, frightened, worried, nervous
表示批评或讽刺：critical, criticize, ironic，find fault with
表示失望或灰心：disappointed, discouraged
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
表示后悔或遗憾：regret, regretful, pity, shame
表示漠然或热情：indifferent, detached, careless, enthusiastic
表示积极或消极：active, positive, negative
表示自信或自负：confident, arrogant, proud
表示乐观或悲观：optimistic, pessimistic
II. 长对话（long conversation）
特点
A.改革后新增题型，
B.两个长对话，7个问题
C.形式和短对话相同，但增加了信息量（250-320词），是短对话的扩充，
D.选材以与学生关系密切的材料为主，场景性强：学习类，生活类和工作
E.题型为细节题（75%）、推断题（23%）和主旨题（2%）（06-09年）
解题关键：
把握中心议题，判断对话场景，
（人物、身份、职业、时间、地点、所谈问题）
题型：（内容）
1. 学习类：选课、考试、论文等
A.提问方式：课程
What is the conversation about?
What is the topic?
What is the main idea of the talk?
What are the speakers mainly discussing?
Which course does the man decide to choose?
Where does the talk take place?
Why does the woman choose„?
For whom is the course intended?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
相关词汇
Certificate, optional/elective/compulsory/ required course,,
catalog, bulletin, preliminary course(预备课程)，drop a course,
Seminar,advanced,excellent reputation
B. 提问方式：论文
What is the topic of the paper/thesis?
What is the problem?
When will the man finish /hand in his thesis?
How is the assignment going?
相关词汇
Solution, get over(克服困难)，shift to, take one’s time, due(到期)，make sense,, explore the topic, reference, gather materials
C. 提问方式：知识
What is the conversation about?
What are the speakers mainly discussing?
What is the man’s attitude towards„?
What can be inferred about„ in this talk?
Which is not the influential factor mentioned in the talk?
What problem does the man still have?
相关词汇
Article, biology, geograpgy, annual, economics, endangered species,
food chain, hurricane(飓风)，coast,tropical,up-to-date news
2.生活类:住宿、交际、娱乐、健康、旅游等
提问方式：
What are they talking about?
What is the man’s favorite„?
What is the woman going to do next?
What’s the main purpose of the man’s trip?
What is the main concern in the conversation?
How often should the man take the medicine?
What suggestion does the woman make?
What does the man say about the concert/film/match?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
What measures shoud the man take?
相关词汇
Suitcase, dorm, count on(指望)，soft drink， deposit, off
campus,utilities(公共事业)，messy, tenant(房客)，first aid;
Sick/disgusted, vomit,aspirin, complex, eye drop, stretch the arms,
overweight, prescription,
Take a break, reserve a court, irritate, nervous, embarrassed,
settle down, complain, going hiking/cycling, make sense, computer
screen, monitor, switch off/on, process
Picnic, hiking trip, camping, concert, movie, take your mind off,
3.工作类：求职、面试等
相关词汇
Teaching/lab assistant, on campus, tutor, schedule, program,
drawback(不利条件)， colleagues， environment, administrative
assistant, babysitter, dishwashing, application form, reference,
wage, demand, precareer training, permanent, employment, bonus,
part-time job, endurance, in charge of, data base; sponsor, invest,
agency,tuition, quantity.
真题解析06-09
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
III.短文理解(Passage)
一、题型特点
短文理解，每次考试会出现三篇短文（每篇180-300词），共10个问题。每篇只读一遍。相比对话部分，短文信息量大、篇幅长、句子复杂。
内容涉及广泛，如：故事、传记、讲座、解说、新闻报道等。题材多为文化、教育、交通、能源和生活常识等。
◆考题常设处多为：开头结尾处、因果处、并列和列举处、转折处、提出建议的地方、引用机构或人物观点处。
1.主旨题
A.选项多以短语形式出现
B.考查对首尾句的理解
C.关键词的重复
D.提问方式
What is the passage mainly about?
what is the main idea/subject of this passage?
What does the passage mainly talk about?
What do we learn from this passage?
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
技巧
★浏览选项，预测短文的主题、重要信息点
★关注首尾句（通常为短文的主题句）
★整体把握文章结构
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
★学会排除干扰项（信息过于片面、范畴太大、信息未提到）
2.事实细节
A.问题常以wh-问句形式出现（具体时间、地点、人物、事件、数字）
B.答案都可在文中找到（但并不一定是文章原句，通常是近义词）
C.对原因考查较多，其次是对事情的判断
D.提问方式灵活
Where..
When
What is true of„?
Why is„ done？
What is the most important„?
What is „going to do?
which of the following is (not) true/mentioned?
技巧：
★提前浏览选项，注意听与选项有关的内容
★边听边记（时间、地点、数字、人物等）
★多关注因果关系的地方（because,since,for,hence,therefore,as a
result, consequently出现的地方）
3.推断题
此类题较难，考生要对所听内容进行分析、推理，领悟说话人态度、感情和真实意图（隐含意义）
A.试题常涉及人物、事物之间的逻辑关系
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
B.重点考查对说话人的观点、态度、语气的理解
C.无法从文章中找到答案，必须运用逻辑推理的方法得出结论
D.常用提问方式
what can you infer/conclude from the passage?
What is the speaker most concerned about?
What do we learn about„ from the passage?
What’s the speaker’s impression of„?
What does the speaker say about„?
技巧：
★多关注短文中出现的转折、因果、条件、比较等语意关系
★善于听出弦外之音，句子的内在含义
小结：
短文理解的题型的特点是词汇量大、信息量大。每个段落的十几句话中往往真正能听懂并记住的句子不到一半，绝大多数人只能抓住段落大意但无法处理其中的重要细节。段落题的选项多为四个完整的句子，正确选项往往是原文中提到的一句重要陈述，只听大意而忽视细节必然导致在四个选项面前无从下手，真伪不分。
二、应对策略：
A.增加词汇量
段落题训练时首先要及时发现自己的不足，如对单词不熟悉、适应不了语速以及注意力不够集中等。如果感觉很多句子听不懂，尤其是录音放过几遍后还是不懂，则准备要从单词人手。在两三个星期内把四级词汇攻下来。脑子里储备了足够的单词，理解的程度就会大大提高。
B.加强句子听写
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
如果听到的单词都会，只是听不懂句子的整体意义，则需要从微观的角度进行强化。自己在放磁带时一句一句跟读，必要时按暂停键进行口头翻译，经过一段时间练习，理解句子的能力也能提高。
C.通过选项确定关键句和关键信息
段落理解中最关键的任务并不是把段子全部听懂，而是要学会确定关键句和关键信息。凡是在选项中重复到的句子都应当做标记，视为解题关键信息。段落题由于内容庞杂，信息量较大，很少要求考生做进一步推理，而是侧重信息收集能力，所以每个段落的三到四个题围绕着Speaker所提到的原句展开提问。如果不学会通过选项把握原句，理解能力再强也无法解题。另外，测试题目顺序是严格按照段落的前—中—后顺序设计的，听录音时可以边听边用眼睛扫描选项，依次进行。测试可能性最大的是第一句、第二句和最后一句，前两句话中包含着段落中心句，是段落的最重要内容。最后一句话往往涉及结果、解决方法等重要信息。此外，考官还会根据段落中的一个重要情节、概念或因果关系设置一到两个题。
三、短文类型：
叙事型段落(Narrative)：选项中如有明确的时间、人物动作行为则可断定该题为叙事型段落。一方面通过每个题目选项的共同点估测可能提问的内容，还要积极记笔记。故事的因果、时间关系较强，把握情节并不难。但特别要注意时间、地点、主要人物及对应行为、人物行为原因、目的和故事结局。
说明型段落(Descriptive)：说明文涉及科学技术、交通运输、地理景观、环境污染、学校教育、妇女解放、自然现象等内容，选项中没有人物动作行为，所考查内容围绕着某些事实陈述展开。听录音时很难记住原话，这就更要求学生盯紧选项，以免出现细节列举时间哪一个信息没有提到或者不正确。除此之外，重要的说明数字、术语概念、时间范围要记笔记，要直接从段落中听出一些重要的因果关系句，确定原因，并查找对应出现的选项。
议论及讲座(Expositive)：四级听力中较难的一种段落。Speaker经常是大学讲师或某个学科的专家就一个概念、现象或概况进行描述。因涉及某些专业或科技知识使词汇有可能超纲但并不影响做题。更为重要的是讲话- 22 -
大学英语四级听力辅导资料
人的观点和讲座主题(topic)不好把握。学生要在段落的前三句话中识别讲座人身分和讲座主题。往往段落开始就会提到
“I’m the head librarian. Today I’m going to introduce to you the facilities
in the library and show you how to use them.”
在介绍自己观点时Speaker会用到“In my opinion”或“I think it’s true
that…”.
新闻报道(News story)：听新闻时，Speaker会先提到“This
is…presenting the B.B.C. world news”、或等，或者开门见山，用一句话来概括整个新闻内容。例如:“The suspect in a robbery of the First
National Bank in Orlando, Florida was captured in a local barber
shop on Wednesday.”在一句话中时间、地点、人物、原因、结果都做了详细交代。所以新闻的第一句没把握住就等于漏掉了主要信息，能不能从后面的内容中得到弥补只能靠运气。
短文听力训练：06-09真题分析
IV. 在实战中复合式听写需要注意的三方面
怎样应试好听写部分呢？除了多听、多读、多练之外，还应注意以下三种应试技巧：
一、理解好题意，做到心中有数
在听写考试中，不少考生由于过度紧张而忽视了题意，所以本应该相对容易的题却没有很好的拿到分数。Compound Dictation的要求是在36-43空应填single word；在44-46上则要求use your own words to finish
the sentence.有的考生在做单词填空时，由于没弄懂题意，只想着全部听写下来，结果感到速度太快，记不下来，而丢掉容易且应该得到的分数。听写部分意思虽然理解了，也没能用自己的话表达，也白白地丢掉了好几分。
二、抢用短文，预测听写内容
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
听写的短文一般在200-250字左右，共重复三遍。考生可利用听指令前的空隙，略看一下短文，做到“有的放矢”，提前有所准备，这样就不会措手不及，心慌意乱，影响正常水平的发挥了。
三、使用速记方法，从文中找出答案
学生们在听写时，往往会出现记下了听写的第一单词，而后面的几句后匆匆而过，来不及填写第二个空, 针对这个问题，大家在考试中应采用速记方法，迅速记下每个听到的单词。所说的速记就是用一些简单的符号。缩写、字母记下所听到的内容，不让每个单词漏网。
例如：so—equal pro--professional
t--teacher dtec--detective
sts－students, fridge--refrigerator
ad--advertisement demo--demonstration
flu--influenza 等等。
先速记，然后再展开这些单词，这样所听的内容就不易漏掉了。此外，学生还会出现另一种现象，就是听懂了词意，不会写单词。遇到这样的问题，我们不妨从上下文找一找，看看是否有帮助提示的地方。
总之，听力技巧的掌握以考生综合英语水平为基础，考生首先要具备较强的英语的耳听意会能力，对比较简单的概念最好能直接用英语进行思维，做到不用译成汉语也能理解听到的内容；同时应具备较强的英语快速阅读能力，才能迅速记下所听到的内容，在听力、听写测试中取得满意的成绩，顺利地通过大学英语四级考试。
IV. 补充材料(听力小词经典100例)
四级听力中，小词或习语是必考的，且又是考生最不容易掌握的。现精选日常用词100例，方便考生复习掌握习语或小词。
1，a change of pace 节奏变换
You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need
a change of pace.
2, a far cry from 相距甚远
The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
3, and how 的确
A: She’s a good dancer.
B: and how.
4, a matter of time 时间问题
It is only a matter of time.
5, a phone call away 一个电话之远，愿意过来帮忙。
If you need my help, do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call
away.
6, a while back 不久以前
7，all along 一直
I knew it all along.
8, anything but 绝对不
I was anything but happy about going.
9, account for 解释
How do you account for it?
10, after all 到底
A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine,
B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.
11, allergic to 对|……过敏
Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch. I must be allergic
to something.
12, at sb’s service 愿为某人服务
I am at your service at any time.
13, around the clock 24小时不停
Martha studied around the clock for management exam.
14, as far as I know 就我所知
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
15，at home with 对…..很熟悉
She is at home with problems like this.
16, back out
1) 退出
A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?
B: Yes, but he backed out at last minute
2）不履行
She finally backed out of her promise.
17, be cut out for 天生适合
I’m not cut out to be a hero.//He is not cut out for teaching.
18, be absorbed in
She has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.
19, be addicted to 对……上瘾
She has been addicted to drugs for years.
20，be attached to 对……有感情
A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought
you would have gotten rid of it years ago.
B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.
21, back up
1) 累积
The subway is running behind schedule, and traffic is backed up for
blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.
2) 支持
I’ll back it up.
22, be bound for 到……地方
The bus is bound for New England.
23, be (feel) myself 找到自我
I’m feeling myself again.
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
24, be burned up 生气
She was really burned up at the news.
25, be hard up for sth 无聊的
I’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.
26, be/stand head and shoulders above 比…好许多,出类拔萃
In calculus, Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.
27，be in the dark 蒙在鼓里
A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?
B: I’m as in the dark as you are.
28，be stuck 卡住了
I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.
29, bite off more than one can chew. 贪多嚼不烂
A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.
B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.
30, break new ground 有了新的突破
His architectural design broke new ground in the field.
31，benefit concert 慈善音乐会
We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have
much money for advertising.
32, busy signal 占线
I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy
signal.
33,between you and me 你我之间，保密
34，call for
A,打电话找
Tom just called for you.
B,预报
The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be
getting away from this for a week?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
C,问
It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.
35, call it a day 就此结束
A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s
hospital, and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.
B: Yeah, I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now,
so I guess we can call it a day.
36,cash the check 兑现支票
Have your sister cashed her paycheck?
37,clear off 收拾，整理
It’s about time we clear off the desk.
38,come down (雨，雪)下起来
The heavy rain is coming down, now.
39, come in first in the race 比赛第一名
Not only did Jill come in first in the race but she also had her best running
time of the season.
40,come what may 不管怎样
We’ll pick you up tomorrow at eight, come what may.
41,cost somebody an arm and a leg
A: Did you see the diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?
B: I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.
42, cut it out 闭嘴
I told you to cut it out.
43,be cut out for 生来时做……的
Dr. Hamilton doesn’t feel Larry is cut out for the medical profession.
44,department chair 系主任
I didn’t write that memo to the department chair.
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
45,dirt cheap 非常便宜
A: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
B: I’ve found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
46, do with 用…..凑合; do without 没有……也行
You can do with your girlfriend.
You can do without your girlfriend
47, dog tired 特别累，同义：run down; worn out; out of steam
I’m dog tired these days. I’m working on seven articles.
48, down jacket 羽绒服
49，drive somebody up the wall 让某人发疯；同义：drive somebody out of
one’s mind
The sound of all that traffic is driving me out of my mind.
50, fall back on 依赖
A: Were you able to understand that French novel without any help from
the teacher?
B: I did pretty well, but I had to fall back on my dictionary occasionally.
51, fill a prescription 按处方抓药
Would you please fill this prescription for me?
52, fill in for 代替； 同义：fill one’s place(position, shoes); take the place of;
take over. Say, Dave, can you fill in for me tonight at the restaurant? I’d
like to go out of town.
53,food for thought 令人思考的东西；同义：thought-provoking
There is a lot food for thought in what he had to say.
54,for nothing 免费
To pay to see that movie would be foolish, when you can see it on TV for
nothing.
55,from top to bottom 从上到下
A: Maybe you lost your wallet in this room.
B: I’ve searched it from top to bottom..
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
56, get off on the wrong foot 开始事情就做错了
I got off on the wrong foot, and I don’t have any idea which way to turn
now.
57,get a lot out of something 从……学到很多
The training program was difficult, but she got a lot out of it.
58, get at 想说
Do you understand what I’m getting at?
59, get away with 对…..摆脱惩罚
A: Did you know that Bob is leaving for home tonight? He isn’t planning
to take his final exams.
B: He can’t get away with that
60,get going 赶紧行动； 同义：get moving
A: It looks like we won’t have enough time to do all we wanted to.
B: Who says we won’t? let’s get going.
61, get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了
A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your
roommate about the time change.
B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.
62, get started on 开始做
We should get started on the project.
63, get time off from work 从工作中抽时间
Oh, so she was able to get time off from the work.
64,give credibility to 相信
A: did you hear about Jim?
B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.
65,go easy on 温和对待
Well, since it’s your first and only ticket, the judge will probably go easy
on you.
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
66,go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进，一耳朵出
Well, you know Mike, everything’s in one ear and out the other.
67,go jogging 去跑步
Are you ready to go jogging?
68,go to one’s head ,（酒精）上头；（成功、表扬）使…某人自负/骄傲
A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student
government president?
B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head, and he used to be so
sociable and open.
69,got the time 几点了
A: Got the time?
B: It’s a little after ten.
70, graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬
Have you ordered your graduation announcements?
71,groan about 抱怨
How come Michael’s always groaning about something?
72,guest lecturer 客座教授
The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.
73,hand-me-down (AmE)送„的旧东西=cast-off
A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.
B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.
74,hand down 易如反掌
Lee won the chess match hands down.
75,have a way with 擅长
Bonnie really has a way with words.
76,have had it with 处于
I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
77, head and shoulders above 高出许多
In computer programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of
us.
78, hit the spots 特别好
This lemonade sure hits the spots.
79, hold the grudge 记仇
A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant
to.
B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.
80, I have no idea which way to turn 我不知道该怎么办
81, I have seen worse 我见过更糟的
82, in advance 提前；同义：before hand, ahead of time
It’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in
advance and I just don ’t have it.
83, in case 万一
Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.
84, in next to no time 马上
A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?
B: I’ll be through in next to no time.
85, in the red （in debt）赤字 反义：in the black(有盈余)
86,in the works 在准备/筹划中
An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is in the works.
87, keep… to oneself 保密
I’m amazed that you still keep the opinion to yourself..
88, kill time 浪费时间
Gosh, what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?
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大学英语四级听力辅导资料
89, leave…up to somebody交由某人
We’ll have to leave the decision up to him.
90, letter of recommendation 推荐信；letter of reference 推荐信
91, look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面
92, no kidding 不是开玩笑吧
93, on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖
A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?
B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!
94, quitting time 下课时间
I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.
95, take it over 重修
Don failed physics and had to take it over.
96, cooler than necessary 比应该的要冷
The lab was cooler than necessary.
97, That’s easier said than done. 说来容易做来难
98, There is nothing to it. 没什么，很容易
I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.
99, with flying colors 成功
A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?
B: She passed with flying colors.
100, You can bet your life 当然
A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?
B: You can bet your life.
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